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Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment for Human Health
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Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment for Human Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Toxicology and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 5961

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lorenz S. Neuwirth

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
SUNY Old Westbury, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
Interests: developmental behavioral neurotoxicology; molecular epigenetics; neurodegenerative diseases
Dr. Joanna C. (Jacy) Jacob

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USA
Interests: neuropharmacology; substances of abuse; behavioral

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sources of environmental contaminants that create threats to public health have been well studied. However, over the last 40 years, many environmental contaminants have also been identified as neurotoxicants. This is an important point as neurotoxicants pose significant risks for the developing central nervous system, both in utero and during the postnatal developmental time periods. Children are particularly vulnerable to these neurotoxicant risks, therefore warranting more research dedicated to examining a range of factors to consider when assessing human health in response to neurotoxicant exposures.

With this Special Issue, we aim to highlight the importance of this longstanding environmental research and public health theme, providing a forum to discuss (i) basic research on the cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with the molecular mechanisms that are disrupted by neurotoxicants, (ii) identifying unique approaches to better understand under-explored or novel risk assessment methods that advance the research on this topic, (iii) the implication of developmental behavioral neurotoxicology and neuropsychiatric disorders as they relate to clinical studies on children exposed to neurotoxicants, and (iv) future goals and directions elucidating the clinical relevance of neurotoxic exposures and behavioral symptoms.

An in-depth investigation will be carried out by exploring neurotoxicant risk assessment through the following subtopics:

  • Public health;
  • Agriculture, herbicides, and pesticides;
  • E-waste, recycling, and metallurgy;
  • Food regulation or lack thereof;
  • Medical treatments, natural remedies, and holistic approaches;
  • Occupational health and safety;
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders and developmental neuropathologies;
  • Clinical disorders with neurotoxicant exposure co-morbidities.

We welcome submissions of reviews and original research addressing this fundamental question on neurotoxicant exposure risk assessment from a broad range of perspectives. We also welcome integrative approaches that can show convergent perspectives on risk assessment of neurotoxicants. Insights gained from these approaches will further the field’s understanding of the functional consequences of neurotoxicants and how they relate to a range of clinical disorders.

Dr. Lorenz S. Neuwirth
Dr. Joanna C. (Jacy) Jacob
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neurotoxicology, neurotoxicants
  • occupational health & safety
  • environmental contaminants
  • food regulation
  • neurodevelopmental disorders
  • e-waste, recycling, metallurgy
  • agriculture, herbicides & pesticides

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 482 KiB  
Article
Herbal Decoctions for the Levels of Sulfur Dioxide, Benzopyrene, and Mycotoxin from Traditional Korean Medicine Clinics: A Preliminary Study
by Hye In Jeong, Ji-Eun Han, Byung-Cheul Shin, Soobin Jang, Jae-Hee Won, Kyeong Han Kim and Soo-Hyun Sung
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13595; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph192013595 - 20 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1309
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether the levels of sulfur dioxide (SO2), benzopyrene, and mycotoxins in herbal decoctions in Korea in 2019 were within normal limits. In total, 30 decoctions composed of multi-ingredient traditional herbs were sampled from traditional Korean medicine [...] Read more.
In this study, we investigated whether the levels of sulfur dioxide (SO2), benzopyrene, and mycotoxins in herbal decoctions in Korea in 2019 were within normal limits. In total, 30 decoctions composed of multi-ingredient traditional herbs were sampled from traditional Korean medicine (TKM) clinics, TKM hospitals, and external herbal dispensaries in 2019. The decoctions were analyzed for SO2, benzopyrene, and mycotoxins using 10 samples. SO2 and benzopyrene were not detected in any of the herbal decoctions. With regard to mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 was not detected, but B2 was detected in 7 cases (0.00~0.04 ppb), G1 in 13 cases (0.03~0.29 ppb), and G2 in 9 cases (0.02~0.93 ppb). None of these values exceeded the restrictions in prior studies. Thus, we confirm that the amounts of SO2, benzopyrene, and mycotoxins in herbal decoctions are at safe levels and provides the basis of establishing safety management criteria for herbal decoctions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment for Human Health)
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10 pages, 430 KiB  
Article
Monitoring of Heavy Metals and Pesticide Residues of Herbal Decoctions in Traditional Korean Medicine Clinics in Korea
by Hye In Jeong, Ji-Eun Han, Byung-Cheul Shin, Soo Bin Jang, Jae-Hee Won, Kyeong Han Kim and Soo-Hyun Sung
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(14), 8523; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19148523 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1853
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether the levels of heavy metal and pesticide residues in herbal decoctions in Korea in 2019 were within normal limits. In total, 30 decoctions composed of multi-ingredient traditional herbs were sampled from traditional Korean medicine (TKM) clinics, TKM [...] Read more.
In this study, we investigated whether the levels of heavy metal and pesticide residues in herbal decoctions in Korea in 2019 were within normal limits. In total, 30 decoctions composed of multi-ingredient traditional herbs were sampled from traditional Korean medicine (TKM) clinics, TKM hospitals, and external herbal dispensaries in 2019. The decoctions were analyzed for heavy metal content such as lead, arsenic, and cadmium using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. For mercury, an automatic mercury analyzer based on the gold amalgamation process was used. For pesticide residues, gas chromatography with electron capture detection and gas chromatography with mass selective detection were used for the analyses. Based on the testing, heavy metals were identified in most of the decoctions (Cd: 0.000–0.003 ppm, Pb: 0.003–0.023 ppm, As: 0.000−0.016 ppm, Hg: 0.000–0.002 ppm). Pesticide residues (e.g., total DDT, total BHC, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin) were not detected at all. All of these were no more than the limit values in preceding studies. Therefore, this study confirms that the contents of heavy metals and pesticides in herbal decoctions are within safe levels based on a previous study and provides evidence for establishing safety management standards for herbal decoctions in Korea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment for Human Health)

Other

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8 pages, 505 KiB  
Opinion
Cereal and Juice, Lead and Arsenic, Our Children at Risk: A Call for the FDA to Re-Evaluate the Allowable Limits of Lead and Arsenic That Children May Ingest
by Lorenz S. Neuwirth, Ericka Cabañas, Patrick Cadet, Wei Zhu and Morri E. Markowitz
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(10), 5788; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19105788 - 10 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2229
Abstract
Eliminating heavy metal contamination of foods is a goal yet to be achieved in the U.S. In recent months, efforts have been underway to have the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) re-evaluate the permissible limits of lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) allowable in [...] Read more.
Eliminating heavy metal contamination of foods is a goal yet to be achieved in the U.S. In recent months, efforts have been underway to have the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) re-evaluate the permissible limits of lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) allowable in cereals and juices aimed for consumption by children. This report discusses the recent scientific literature that support proposed revisions in these limits. It presents proactive suggestions for the FDA to consider in its response to concerns of ongoing Pb and As exposures in food and drinks. While more scientific studies are needed to better define ‘safe’ levels of Pb and As exposures and ingestion of these elements in general are neurotoxic, the higher sensitivity of children to these toxic elements makes it imperative that the FDA adjust standards to be most protective of infants, toddlers, and children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurotoxicity Risk Assessment for Human Health)
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