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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Sport and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 40891

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kyung-Min Kim

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Guest Editor

Department of Sport Science, ‎Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea
Interests: chronic joint instability; postural control; neuroplastic training; therapeutic modality

Dr. Yong Woo An

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Guest Editor

Department of Health and Human Sciences, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045, USA
Interests: functional joint instability; sensorimotor & neurocognitive intervention; brain function; neuroplasticity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is generally accepted that regularly playing sports or performing exercises provides health-related benefits including, but not limited to, lower risks of chronic diseases and improved physical fitness, and higher quality of life. Such exercise-related health benefits have been engaging more people participating in sports/exercises but resulting in increased sports injuries, which overburdens the current healthcare system where healthcare is provided after the onset of diseases or injuries. Thus, the field of sports healthcare is on its way to a transformation from a reactive (treatment-oriented care) to a proactive (preventative care) approach. With advances in technology, various proactive healthcare approaches are feasible, from a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of sports injuries to digital healthcare. In addition to traditional focuses on physical and mental healthcare, anecdotal evidence suggests the importance of different perspectives of healthcare for sports participants, such as psychosocial/environmental assessment or growth and development perspectives. Thus, this Special Issue will welcome any formats of papers (i.e., original work, reviews, letters, etc.) addressing new trends in sports healthcare, especially those combining a high academic standard with a practical focus on providing effective proactive healthcare solutions.

Dr. Kyung-Min Kim
Dr. Yong Woo An
Guest Editors

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Keywords

digital healthcare
athletic training/conditioning
growth and development
sports sociology
physical activity
neuroplasticity
health promotion

Published Papers (13 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 357 KiB

Open AccessArticle

UK Nurses Delivering Physical Activity Advice: What Are the Challenges and Possible Solutions? A Qualitative Study

by Anoop Raghavan, Dane Vishnubala, Adil Iqbal, Ruth Hunter, Katherine Marino, David Eastwood, Camilla Nykjaer and Andy Pringle

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(23), 7113; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph20237113 - 27 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1430

Abstract

There are a multitude of health benefits gained from regular physical activity (PA). Currently, PA advice implementation from NHS nurses is inadequate despite their ever-increasing role in lifestyle and preventive medicine. By assessing their knowledge of current PA guidance, this study proposed to investigate the issues with regular PA advice being given and expand upon nurses’ proposed barriers and solutions. A qualitative approach using semi structured interviews was undertaken between March and August 2023 involving 13 NHS nurses. Thematic analysis was undertaken using Braun and Clarke’s six step approach. Four themes and fifteen subthemes emerged as barriers and solutions in delivering PA advice. Intrinsic barriers included a lack of nurse knowledge on the topic and PA being seen as an afterthought. Extrinsic barriers included time pressures and a lack of staff engagement. Solutions involved increasing staff awareness of guidelines through teaching, policy, encouraging staff to be active and optimising PA advice delivery through a piecemeal approach and utilising online and visual resources. This study displayed an insight into nurses’ thoughts on their consultations with patients regarding PA, and proposed several barriers and solutions. Further work is needed to improve nurses’ PA knowledge and to assess the proposed strategies to improve its delivery. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

13 pages, 2002 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Tortoise or Hare? The Associations between Physical Activity Volume and Intensity Distribution and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Large Prospective Analysis of the UK Biobank

by Ruth Salway, Nicole Helene Augustin and Miranda Elaine Glynis Armstrong

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(14), 6401; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph20146401 - 19 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1257

Abstract

Analysis methods to determine the optimal combination of volume and intensity of objectively measured physical activity (PA) with prospective outcomes are limited. Participants in UK Biobank were recruited in the UK between 2006 and 2010. We linked the questionnaire and accelerometer with all-cause mortality data from the NHS Information Centre and NHS Central Register up to April 2021. We developed a novel method, extending the penalized spline model of Augustin et al. to a smooth additive Cox model for survival data, and estimated the prospective relationship between intensity distribution and all-cause mortality, adjusting for the overall volume of PA. We followed 84,166 men and women (aged 40–69) for an average of 6.4 years (range 5.3–7.9), with an observed mortality rate of 22.2 deaths per 1000. Survival rates differed by PA volume quartile, with poorer outcomes for the lowest PA volumes. Participants with more sedentary to light intensity PA (<100 milligravities (mg)) and/or less vigorous intensity PA (>250 mg) than average for a given volume of PA, had higher mortality rates than vice versa. Approximate hazard ratios were 0.83 (95% credible interval [CI]: 0.79, 0.88) for an average-risk profile compared to a high-risk profile and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.87) for a low-risk profile compared to an average-risk profile. A high- versus low-risk profile has the equivalent of 15 min more slow walking, but 10 min less moderate walking. At low PA volumes, increasing overall volume suggests the most benefit in reducing all-cause mortality risk. However, at higher overall volumes, substituting lighter with more vigorous intensity activity suggests greater benefit. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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9 pages, 369 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of High Nicotine Dose on Maximum Anaerobic Performance and Perceived Pain in Healthy Non-Smoking Athletes: Crossover Pilot Study

by Peter Bartík, Peter Šagát, Jana Pyšná, Ladislav Pyšný, Jiří Suchý, Zdeněk Trubák and Dominika Petrů

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 1009; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph20021009 - 05 Jan 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3100

Abstract

Background: In recent years, there has been intensive discussion about the positive effect of nicotine usage on enhancing sports performance. It is frequently applied through a non-burned tobacco form before physical activity. Nicotine is under the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) 2021 monitoring program. Therefore, study results that reveal either positive or negative effects are expected. This is the pilot study that reports the effect of 8 mg dose of nicotine on performance and perceived pain. Material and Methods: This research aimed to explore the oral intake effect of a high-nicotine dose (8 mg) on the maximum anaerobic performance and other selected physical performance parameters in healthy, well-trained adult athletes (n = 15, age 30.7 ± 3.6, BMI 25.3 ± 1.7). The cross-sectional study protocol included the oral administration of either sublingual nicotine or placebo tablets before the anaerobic load assessed by a standardized 30 s Wingate test of the lower limbs. Afterward, the Borg subjective perception of pain (CR 10) and Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were evaluated. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for the analysis of data with a 0.05 level of significance. Results: The results revealed that oral administration of an 8 mg nicotine dose does not significantly improve any of the physical performance parameters monitored. We only reported the statistically significant positive effect in RPE (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Lower perception of pain intensity that we reported after nicotine application might be an important factor that affects performance. However, we did not report any improvement in physical performance parameters. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

30 pages, 8191 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Using Digital Technology to Design a Simple Interactive System for Nostalgic Gaming to Promote the Health of Slightly Disabled Elderly People

by Chao-Ming Wang and Chen-Siang Huang

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 128; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph20010128 - 22 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1514

Abstract

An interactive digital gaming system with simple tangible interfaces is proposed for use by slightly disabled elderly people to promote their health and enjoyment of playful aging. The system simulates a rice threshing machine with nostalgic and entertaining functions expected to bring better life quality to older adults. Initially, pieces of literature were reviewed to derive relevant design principles. A prototype system was constructed accordingly and refined according to the invited older users’ comments. The refined system was performed subsequently by slightly disabled elderly people, followed by a questionnaire survey conducted to collect their opinions. The opinion data were analyzed statistically by SPSS and AMOS to be reliable and valid. In addition, interviews were conducted with the users and experts were invited to collect comments on the system’s usability, which were then evaluated to reveal several findings about the system’s effectiveness: (1) digital products related to life experiences are more acceptable to slightly disabled elderly people, promoting their willingness to play games to achieve active aging; (2) simple system interfaces requiring no complicated limb functions are appropriate for the slightly disabled elderly people; and (3) digital gaming has the effects of training slightly disabled elderly peoples’ cognitive and motor abilities as well as strengthening their body and mind. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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12 pages, 1011 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Satisfaction with Sleep Fatigue Recovery and Smartphone Dependency among Korean Adolescents: An Age- and Gender-Matched Study

by In-Whi Hwang, Ju-Pil Choe, Jeong-Hui Park and Jung-Min Lee

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 16034; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph192316034 - 30 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1392

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the association between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), satisfaction with sleep fatigue recovery (SSFR), and smartphone dependency in South Korean adults. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2020 data. We selected participants who answered Internet addiction-related questions as “Very much” (n = 241) and answered Internet addiction-related questions as “Not at all” (n = 241) in the questionnaire. The participants were matched by age and gender, then divided into two groups. Between the two groups, there were considerable differences in the number of days participating in moderate to vigorous PA (5 days or more, p = 0.01), the number of strength training days (1 day, p = 0.02), the number of light PA days for more than 60 min (every day for the last 7 days, p = 0.01), and the SSFR over the past 7 days (p < 0.05). Additionally, the mean smartphone usage time and mean sedentary behavior time between the two groups showed significant differences. The study demonstrated that there were significant associations between PA, SB, SSFR, and smartphone dependency among Korean adolescents matched by age and gender. Additionally, this study highlights the importance of increasing overall PA and number of days participating in MVPA, decreasing SB time and smartphone usage time could reduce the incidence of smartphone overdependence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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14 pages, 771 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Breaking Up Sedentary Time with Calisthenics on Neuromuscular Function: A Preliminary Study

by Emily Mear, Valerie Frances Gladwell and Jamie Pethick

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(21), 14597; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph192114597 - 07 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2533

Abstract

The ageing process results in reduced neuromuscular function. This alongside prolonged sedentary behaviour is associated with decreased muscle strength, force control and ability to maintain balance. Breaking up sedentary time with regular bouts of physical activity has numerous health benefits, though the effects on neuromuscular function are unknown. This study investigated the effect of breaking up sedentary time with calisthenic exercise on neuromuscular function. 17 healthy adults (33 ± 13.1 years), who spent ≥6 h/day sitting, were assigned to a four-week calisthenics intervention (n = 8) or control group (n = 9). The calisthenics intervention involved performing up to eight sets of exercises during the working day (09:00–17:00); with one set consisting of eight repetitions of five difference exercises (including squats and lunges). Before and immediately after the intervention, measures of knee extensor maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and submaximal force control (measures of the magnitude and complexity of force fluctuations), and dynamic balance (Y balance test) were taken. The calisthenics intervention resulted in a significant increase in knee extensor MVC (p = 0.036), significant decreases in the standard deviation (p = 0.031) and coefficient of variation (p = 0.016) of knee extensor force fluctuations during contractions at 40% MVC, and a significant increase in Y balance test posterolateral reach with left leg stance (p = 0.046). These results suggest that breaking up sedentary time with calisthenics may be effective at increasing muscle strength, force steadiness and dynamic balance all of which might help reduce the effects of the ageing process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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12 pages, 851 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Strategies to Increase User Retention of Fitness Mobile Apps during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic

by Jae-Yoon Kwon, Ji-Suk Lee and Tae-Seung Park

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(17), 10814; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph191710814 - 30 Aug 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2794

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the fitness-related field. More people started working out at home, and the use of fitness mobile apps that can measure the amount of exercise through a scientific method has increased compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. This phenomenon is likely to continue even after the COVID-19 pandemic, and therefore this study aimed to investigate the importance of and satisfaction with a fitness app’s functions according to consumers while using the fitness mobile app. Through this study, we intended to provide data for creating an environment where users can use fitness mobile apps consistently. A total of 420 questionnaires were distributed through Google Survey for about 3 months, from 13 September to 20 November 2020, and a total of 399 complete questionnaires were analyzed in this study. Regarding the data processing methods, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and IPA were used. The results are as follows. First, the first quadrant of the IPA matrix indicated the high importance of and satisfaction with the fitness mobile app, and included five attributes: cost-effectiveness, easy-to-understand information, ease of use and application, privacy protection, and compatibility with other devices. Second, the second quadrant of the matrix indicated relatively low satisfaction in association to high importance and included five attributes: accurate exercise information provision, design efficiency, daily exercise amount setting, convenient icons and interface, and provision of images and videos in appropriate proportions. Third, the third quadrant of the matrix, indicating low importance and low satisfaction, included five attributes: not sharing personal information, overall design composition and color, customer service, reliable security level, and providing information on goal achievement after exercising. Fourth, in the quadrant of the matrix, indicating low importance and high satisfaction, five attributes were included: exercise notification function, continuous service provision, step count and heart rate information, individual exercise recommendation, and individual body type analysis information. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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12 pages, 350 KiB

Open AccessArticle

How the COVID-19 Pandemic Has Changed Adolescent Health: Physical Activity, Sleep, Obesity, and Mental Health

by Na-Hye Kim, Jung-Min Lee and Eunhye Yoo

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9224; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19159224 - 28 Jul 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2703

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to provide essential data for the establishment of education and policy for the formation of healthy lifestyles of adolescents in the future by analyzing the patterns of changes in society due to the prolonged COVID-19 in the physical activities, sleeping habits, obesity, and mental health of Korean adolescents. To this end, a total of 147,346 adolescents were selected and analyzed according to the purpose of the study in the 2018 (14th), 2019 (15th), and 2020 (16th) raw data of the “Youth Health Behavior Online Survey,” an annual national approval statistical survey conducted by a Korean government agency. The study examined changes in the physical activity, obesity, sleep, and mental health of Korean adolescents due to COVID-19. The physical activity rate of Korean adolescents in 2019 decreased by 5.3% from 2018. In addition, the physical activity rate in 2020 decreased by 2.1% compared to 2019. It was found that physical activity steadily decreased (p < 0.001). The obesity rate increased by 0.9% in 2019 compared to 2018 and by 1.8% in 2020 compared to 2019. Although the obesity rate steadily increased, it was found that it was accelerated due to COVID-19 (p < 0.001). Looking at the subjective sleep satisfaction rate of Korean adolescents, in 2019, it was 0.1% lower than in 2018, while in 2020, when COVID-19 began, it increased by 3.5% compared to 2019. It was found that satisfaction with sleep increased after COVID-19. Finally, the mental health characteristics of Korean adolescents by year were divided into stress and depression. Stress decreased by 1% compared to 2019 and 2018 and by 6.2% compared to 2020 and 2019. Depression increased by 1% in 2019 compared to 2018 and decreased by 3.4% in 2020 compared to 2019. In other words, stress and depression decreased after COVID-19. In 2020, when COVID-19 occurred, it was confirmed that there was a change in the health behavior of adolescents compared to 2018 and 2019. Therefore, active responses from schools, families, and communities are required to foster healthy lifestyle habits in social changes such as COVID-19. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

11 pages, 1810 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Re-Visiting Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Using Cross-Validation in Population Aged 7–55 Years

by Jeong-Hui Park, Hyun Chul Jung, Yeon-Sung Jung, Jong-Kook Song and Jung-Min Lee

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(14), 8509; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19148509 - 12 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1471

Abstract

The primary purpose of the present study was to re-visit HR_max prediction by two commonly used equations (i.e., Fox′s and Tanaka′s equation) compared to the direct measured HR_max using the large sample size of Asians. The second aim of the study was to focus on suggesting new equations for the Asian population by separating gender and specific age groups. A total of 672 participants aged from 7 to 55 years were recruited for the study (male: 280 and female: 392), and the maximal graded exercise test with Bruce protocol was used to measure HR_max. All data obtained from the study were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Additionally, three statistical analysis methods (i.e., Mean Absolute Percent Errors (MAPE), Bland–Altman plots, and equivalence testing) were utilized to confirm the consistency between the measured HR_max and the two prediction equations. The main finding was that two equations showed significant differences in predicting the HR_max of Korean aged from 7 to 55 years. The outcome of children aged from 7 to 14 was a different fit in the agreement compared to other age groups. Fox′s equation had the best fit in the average of the difference closer to zero and completely included within the equivalence zone, but females over 15 years old revealed higher errors than males in the values calculated by the two equations compared to the direct measured HR_max. Consequently, the study demonstrated that both equations tended to overestimate the HR_max for males and females over 15 years old, and the two universal equations were not suitable to predict the HR_max of Koreans except for children aged from 7 to 14 years. The new HR_max prediction equations suggested in this study will more accurately predict the HR_max of Asians, and additional analyses should be examined the cross-validity of the developed HR_max equation by age and gender in the future study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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18 pages, 3745 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Estimation of Fine-Grained Foot Strike Patterns with Wearable Smartwatch Devices

by Hyeyeoun Joo, Hyejoo Kim, Jeh-Kwang Ryu, Semin Ryu, Kyoung-Min Lee and Seung-Chan Kim

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1279; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19031279 - 24 Jan 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2533

Abstract

People who exercise may benefit or be injured depending on their foot striking (FS) style. In this study, we propose an intelligent system that can recognize subtle differences in FS patterns while walking and running using measurements from a wearable smartwatch device. Although such patterns could be directly measured utilizing pressure distribution of feet while striking on the ground, we instead focused on analyzing hand movements by assuming that striking patterns consequently affect temporal movements of the whole body. The advantage of the proposed approach is that FS patterns can be estimated in a portable and less invasive manner. To this end, first, we developed a wearable system for measuring inertial movements of hands and then conducted an experiment where participants were asked to walk and run while wearing a smartwatch. Second, we trained and tested the captured multivariate time series signals in supervised learning settings. The experimental results obtained demonstrated high and robust classification performances (weighted-average F1 score > 90%) when recent deep neural network models, such as 1D-CNN and GRUs, were employed. We conclude this study with a discussion of potential future work and applications that increase benefits while walking and running properly using the proposed approach. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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11 pages, 461 KiB

Open AccessArticle

OTT Streaming Distribution Strategies for Dance Performances in the Post-COVID-19 Age: A Modified Importance-Performance Analysis

by Jian Kim, Eunhye Kim and Aeryung Hong

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(1), 327; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19010327 - 29 Dec 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2312

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore strategies for distributing online content of dance post COVID-19 in Korea. And specially to discuss the distribution strategies of online performances through videoization of dance performances and OTT (over-the-top) streaming: (1) Methods: For this purpose, a survey was conducted on the distribution strategy of dance online contents for a total of 100 practitioners such as dance field, video contents, and art management. A total 91 sample were used except for defective questionnaires, and Vavra (1997)’s modified important performance analysis was conducted; (2) Results: The results of the matrix through the modified IPA analysis are as follows: first, the first quadrant included ‘quality of dance performance’, ‘platform for OTT streaming’, and ‘promotion for potential audience development’. This means that both explicit and intrinsic importance are high, and it is an important execution factor that has a positive effect on the satisfaction of the online contents of dance only if it is met. Second, the second quadrant included ‘brand awareness of choreographer or dance company’, ‘creative composition and choreography’, and ‘fee and price criteria’. This is a case of low explicit importance but high intrinsic importance, and these factors are attractive attributes that affect the satisfaction of dance online contents, although consumers do not expect it to be important. Third, the third quadrant included ‘new formats and curation’, ‘convergence technology (AR, VR, 3D, etc.) for the field sense’, and ‘online audience service (communication, membership, etc.)’. This means that both explicit and intrinsic importance are low, and if these factors are met, it can have a positive effect on the satisfaction of viewing of dance online contents. However, it does not have a negative effect even if it is not met. Fourth, in the fourth quadrant, ‘production and editing competency’, ‘quality of videos and sounds’, ‘copyright of performance creation’, and ‘fandom and audience management’ was included. This is an essential attribute in the distribution strategy of dance online contents because it has high explicit importance and low intrinsic importance, and it can have a negative impact on satisfaction when these factors are not met. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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Review

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21 pages, 570 KiB

Open AccessReview

Play Badminton Forever: A Systematic Review of Health Benefits

by David Cabello-Manrique, Juan Angel Lorente, Rosario Padial-Ruz and Esther Puga-González

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9077; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19159077 - 26 Jul 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 6593

Abstract

Regular physical activity (PA) engagement has multiple benefits for individual general health at all ages and life stages. The present work focuses on badminton, which is one of the most popular sports worldwide. The aim was to conduct a systematic review focused on examining and analysing this sport and the benefits it brings to the health of those who engage in it. Examination was conducted from the viewpoint of overall health and provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art as presented in published scientific literature. PRISMA 2020 guidelines were adhered to. An exhaustive search was conducted of four electronic databases or search engines: Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE and Google Scholar. The search terms used were “badminton AND health” and “badminton AND benefits”. In total, 27 studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. After analysing the results, it was concluded that badminton engagement may lead to an improvement in all areas, the most studied being those related to physical health, in particular the improvement of cardiac and pulmonary functions and the development of basic physical capacities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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Other

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12 pages, 6141 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Effectiveness of Ultrasound Deep Heat Therapy for Adhesive Capsulitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Jung-Ha Sung, Jung-Min Lee and Jung-Hyun Kim

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1859; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph19031859 - 07 Feb 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 9816

Abstract

Background: Adhesive capsulitis occurs with synovial inflammation and capsular fibrosis in the glenohumeral joint, leading to restriction of joint motion and pain. Heat therapy modalities, which aim at modifying dense collagenous tissues are commonly practiced interventions for patients with adhesive capsulitis; however, the effectiveness of ultrasound deep heat therapy (UST) on adhesive capsulitis is still unclear. Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of UST on the improvement of pain and glenohumeral joint function in adhesive capsulitis compared to (1) no treatment or placebo, and (2) any other therapeutic modalities. Methods: A literature search was carried out in January 2021 in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, PEDro, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The main outcomes of interest were self-reported pain scores, disability scores, and the range of motion. This study was conducted based on the guidelines of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) protocols, using random-effects models. Results: Seven studies were included in the systematic review with five studies forming the basis for meta-analyses. The effects of UST in patients with adhesive capsulitis were compared with placebo, shockwave therapy, corticosteroid injection, platelet-rich plasma injection, or cryotherapy. The results indicated that UST significantly improved pain scores when performed together with exercise and/or other physical modalities compared to placebo; however, whether UST provides benefits for the improvement of disability and/or the range of motion was uncertain in the present results. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that UST as a co-intervention combined with other physical modalities is an effective means of improving the overall pain in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Sport Healthcare)

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