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Community Interventions in Health Disparities

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 3626

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Interests: physical activity; policy; built environment; chronic disease prevention

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1196, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Interests: behavioral Informatics; social determinants of health; dissemination & implementation research

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Not everyone has an equal opportunity to live their healthiest lives. Health disparities are defined as “preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations” [1]. Disadvantaged populations can be expressed by a multitude of factors such as gender, education, race or ethnicity, disability, or sexual orientation. The intersection among these groups can also exacerbate health disparities. Community interventions to improve population health have been conducted for decades. Community interventions include those that have a defined community as the setting for the intervention, those that are making change at a community-level (e.g., creating healthy environments), and those using community as resource or agent for change [2]. Despite the growth of the evidence base for effective community interventions, less is known about how these interventions impact health disparities across socially disadvantaged groups.

In this Special Issue, we are particularly interested in original or review articles exploring how interventions aimed at improving community health also improve (or have the potential to improve) a wide range of health disparities. Papers should clearly describe their community-based approach and define the targets of change or the prioritized group(s). We strongly encourage proposals focusing on a variety of health outcomes such as chronic diseases (e.g., diabetes, heart disease, cancer, etc.), infectious diseases (e.g., HIV/AIDs, COVID-19, etc.,), and related risk factors. We also hope to receive proposals which include various social determinants of health and how they interact with health risks, outcomes, and health disparities. These may include poverty, inadequate healthcare access, poor educational opportunities, or environmental hazards.

By having a Special Issue with a focus on approaches that work to improve health disparities, we will provide a current exploration of the topic which can inform best practices in community interventions to ultimately achieve health equity.

References

  1. Whetstone, S.; Burke, W.; Sheth, S.S.; Brooks, R.; Cavens, A.; Huber-Keener, K.; Scott, D.M.; Worly, B.; Chelmow, D. Health disparities in uterine cancer: report from the uterine cancer evidence review conference. Obstet. Gynecol. 2022, 139, 645.

  1. McLeroy, K.R.; Norton, B.L.; Kegler, M.C.; Burdine, J.N.; Sumaya, C.V. Community-Based Interventions. Am. J. Public Health 2003, 93, 529–533, https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.2105/ajph.93.4.529.

Prof. Dr. Amy Eyler
Dr. Maura M. Kepper
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • community
  • intervention
  • social determinants
  • equity
  • health disparity

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 555 KiB  
Article
Sustainability Planning for a Community Network to Increase Participation in Evidence-Based Lifestyle Change Programs: A Mixed-Methods Approach
by Maura M. Kepper, Katherine A. Stamatakis, Ariel Deitch, Ally Terhaar, Emerald Gates, Gabrielle Cole, Carolyn S. French, Amy Hampton, Lauren Anderson and Amy A. Eyler
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(4), 463; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph21040463 - 10 Apr 2024
Viewed by 841
Abstract
Community-based chronic disease prevention programs can have long-term, broad public health benefits. Yet, only 40 to 60% of evidence-based health programs are sustained. Using established frameworks and evidence-based tools to characterize sustainability allows programs to develop structures and processes to leverage resources effectively [...] Read more.
Community-based chronic disease prevention programs can have long-term, broad public health benefits. Yet, only 40 to 60% of evidence-based health programs are sustained. Using established frameworks and evidence-based tools to characterize sustainability allows programs to develop structures and processes to leverage resources effectively to sustain effective program activities and systems. This study used a mixed-methods, partner-engaged approach to identify barriers and facilitators to sustaining a community network (the Alliance program) aimed to increase participation in evidence-based lifestyle change programs delivered in the community. Surveys and qualitative interviews were conducted with the Alliance partners based on the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Overall, partners felt Alliance had a high capacity for sustainability. Strategic planning, communication, and partnerships were areas partners prioritized to improve the potential for sustaining the program. Results informed the co-development of a sustainability action plan. This paper furthers our understanding of factors critical for the sustainability of community-based programs for chronic disease prevention and health equity and presents a process for developing action plans to build sustainability capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Interventions in Health Disparities)
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18 pages, 354 KiB  
Article
More than Just a Number: Perspectives from Black Male Participants on Community-Based Interventions and Clinical Trials to Address Cardiovascular Health Disparities
by Faith E. Metlock, Sarah Addison, Alicia McKoy, Yesol Yang, Aarhea Hope, Joshua J. Joseph, Jing Zhang, Amaris Williams, Darrell M. Gray II, John Gregory and Timiya S. Nolan
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(4), 449; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph21040449 - 06 Apr 2024
Viewed by 918
Abstract
Background: Black Americans remain significantly underrepresented and understudied in research. Community-based interventions have been increasingly recognized as an effective model for reckoning with clinical trial participation challenges amongst underrepresented groups, yet a paucity of studies implement this approach. The present study sought to [...] Read more.
Background: Black Americans remain significantly underrepresented and understudied in research. Community-based interventions have been increasingly recognized as an effective model for reckoning with clinical trial participation challenges amongst underrepresented groups, yet a paucity of studies implement this approach. The present study sought to gain insight into Black male participants’ perception of clinical trials before and after participating in a community-based team lifestyle intervention in the United States. Methods: Black Impact, a 24-week community-based lifestyle intervention, applied the American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) framework to assess changes in the cardiovascular health of seventy-four Black male participants partaking in weekly team-based physical activities and LS7-themed education and having their social needs addressed. A subset of twenty participants completed an exit survey via one of three semi-structured focus groups aimed at understanding the feasibility of interventions, including their perceptions of participating in clinical trials. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a content analysis, which involved systematically identifying, coding, categorizing, and interpreting the primary patterns of the data. Results: The participants reported a positive change in their perceptions of clinical trials based on their experience with a community-based lifestyle intervention. Three prominent themes regarding their perceptions of clinical trials prior to the intervention were as follows: (1) History of medical abuse; (2) Lack of diversity amongst research teams and participants; and (3) A positive experience with racially concordant research teams. Three themes noted to influence changes in their perception of clinical trials based on their participation in Black Impact were as follows: (1) Building trust with the research team; (2) Increasing awareness about clinical trials; and (3) Motivating participation through community engagement efforts. Conclusions: Improved perceptions of participating in clinical trials were achieved after participation in a community-based intervention. This intervention may provide a framework by which to facilitate clinical trial participation among Black men, which must be made a priority so that Black men are “more than just a number” and no longer “receiving the short end of the stick”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Interventions in Health Disparities)
21 pages, 737 KiB  
Article
The Báa nnilah Program: Results of a Chronic-Illness Self-Management Cluster Randomized Trial with the Apsáalooke Nation
by Suzanne Held, Du Feng, Alma McCormick, Mark Schure, Lucille Other Medicine, John Hallett, Jillian Inouye, Sarah Allen, Shannon Holder, Brianna Bull Shows, Coleen Trottier, Alexi Kyro, Samantha Kropp and Nicole Turns Plenty
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(3), 285; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph21030285 - 29 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1425
Abstract
Indigenous people in Montana are disproportionately affected by chronic illness (CI), a legacy of settler colonialism. Existing programs addressing CI self-management are not appropriate because they are not consonant with Indigenous cultures in general and the Apsáalooke culture specifically. A research partnership between [...] Read more.
Indigenous people in Montana are disproportionately affected by chronic illness (CI), a legacy of settler colonialism. Existing programs addressing CI self-management are not appropriate because they are not consonant with Indigenous cultures in general and the Apsáalooke culture specifically. A research partnership between the Apsáalooke (Crow Nation) non-profit organization Messengers for Health and Montana State University co-developed, implemented, and evaluated a CI self-management program for community members. This article examines qualitative and quantitative program impacts using a pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial design with intervention and waitlist control arms. The quantitative and qualitative data resulted in different stories on the impact of the Báa nnilah program. Neither of the quantitative hypotheses were supported with one exception. The qualitative data showed substantial positive outcomes across multiple areas. We examine why the data sets led to two very different stories, and provide study strengths and limitations, recommendations, and future directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Community Interventions in Health Disparities)
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