ijerph-logo

Journal Browser

Journal Browser

Effect of COVID-19 on Women's Exercise and Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Women's Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 6689

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Exercise and Sport Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
Interests: vascular function; exercise physiology; ultrasonography; exercise prescription; female physiology; women’s health

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, UK
Interests: sex differences; gender differences; COVID-19; women’s/female physiology; women’s/female health; women’s/female exercise; women’s/female exercise & health psychology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global pandemic resulting from the coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) has fundamentally changed our lives. Entire countries locked down, schools and workplaces closed, stay-at-home orders, mask mandates, social isolation and severe restrictions were put in place, all to limit virus transmission, which has only further highlighted the inequities already experienced within our communities.

Emerging evidence suggests that women have been disproportionally affected by COVID-19 economically, socially and environmentally.  Women’s lives and livelihoods continue to be significantly impacted with job losses, carrying the burden of unpaid care, increased isolation during pregnancy and post-partum, vulnerability to domestic and family violence and a heavy reliance on women in female-dominated vocations as frontline healthcare workers. Despite proportional distribution of COVID-19 diagnoses between the sexes, “long Covid” sufferers are overwhelmingly women. These collective experiences have led to a substantial mental and physical toll on the health and wellbeing of women.

Regular participation in exercise, sport and physical activity infers substantial physiological, psychological and social benefits. The WHO now recognises physical inactivity as a pervasive public health concern linked with several chronic diseases.  Yet, globally, women are less active than men and face many complex barriers to exercise, including social, cultural, physical and psychological barriers. With COVID-19, previously existing and new barriers have further thwarted opportunities for women and girls to exercise. Likewise, women’s experiences with and responses to exercise have also changed. The broadening gender gap means fewer women have access to even fewer opportunities to participate in, benefit from and be supported to exercise, ultimately impacting women’s health, wellbeing and performance in the short and long term.

It is necessary to separate the impacts of COVID-19 between men, women and where possible, across the gender spectrum, to inform what these impacts are and how we can best address these gender inequities. By shifting the paradigm in public health campaigns, healthcare approaches and policy, we can support women’s exercise for their health in the time of, and after, COVID-19.

This Special Issue is open to any contributions in the subject area of "Effect of COVID-19 on Women’s Exercise and Health”.

Dr. Angela Spence
Dr. Victoria S. Sprung
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • women’s health
  • women’s sport
  • female athletes
  • exercise and female physiology
  • sex-differences and COVID-19 infection
  • women’s exercise and sport psychology
  • gender differences

Published Papers (3 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

19 pages, 3517 KiB  
Article
How Lifestyle Changes during the COVID-19 Global Pandemic Affected the Pattern and Symptoms of the Menstrual Cycle
by Georgie Bruinvels, Richard C. Blagrove, Esther Goldsmith, Laurence Shaw, Daniel Martin and Jessica Piasecki
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13622; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph192013622 - 20 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2388
Abstract
This research investigated the implications that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the menstrual cycle and any contributing factors to these changes. A questionnaire was completed by 559 eumenorrheic participants, capturing detail on menstrual cycle symptoms and characteristics prior to and during the COVID-19 [...] Read more.
This research investigated the implications that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the menstrual cycle and any contributing factors to these changes. A questionnaire was completed by 559 eumenorrheic participants, capturing detail on menstrual cycle symptoms and characteristics prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period. Over half of all participants reported to have experienced lack of motivation (61.5%), focus (54.7%) and concentration (57.8%). 52.8% of participants reported an increase in cycle length. Specifically, there was an increase in the median cycle length reported of 5 days (minimum 2 days, maximum 32 days), with a median decrease of 3 days (minimum 2 days and maximum 17 days). A lack of focus was significantly associated with a change in menstrual cycle length (p = 0.038) reported to have increased by 61% of participants. Changes to eating patterns of white meat (increase p = 0.035, decrease p = 0.003) and processed meat (increase p = 0.002 and decrease p = 0.001) were significantly associated with a change in menstrual cycle length. It is important that females and practitioners become aware of implications of environmental stressors and the possible long-term effects on fertility. Future research should continue to investigate any long-lasting changes in symptoms, as well as providing education and support for females undergoing any life stressors that may implicate their menstrual cycle and/or symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of COVID-19 on Women's Exercise and Health)
Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 331 KiB  
Article
Global Self-Esteem, Physical Activity, and Body Composition Changes Following a 12-Week Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention in Older Women
by Mateusz Grajek, Agnieszka Gdańska, Karolina Krupa-Kotara, Joanna Głogowska-Ligus and Joanna Kobza
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13220; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph192013220 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1630
Abstract
Older adults show lower physical activity. These changes altogether promote the development of overweight, obesity, and other chronic diseases. These factors substantially influence the quality of life and self-esteem of older adults. This phenomenon is especially visible after the lockdown caused by the [...] Read more.
Older adults show lower physical activity. These changes altogether promote the development of overweight, obesity, and other chronic diseases. These factors substantially influence the quality of life and self-esteem of older adults. This phenomenon is especially visible after the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 12-week reductive diet and a 12-week physical activity plan for older adults on the global self-esteem of lifestyle in 60–70-year-old women. Materials and methods: Our participants were 600 women with increased body mass (BMI > 25 kg/m2) aged 60–70 years. After the initial evaluation, the participants were randomly divided into three groups: CG—control group (n = 200); DI—dietary group (n = 200) that committed to a 12-week reductive diet; PA—physical activity group (n = 200) that committed to a 12-week physical activity plan. The global self-esteem score (using the SES Rosenberg scale) and the anthropometric measurements were collected before and after the 12-week study. In the statistical analysis of data, the significance level was assumed to be 0.05. Results: The global self-esteem score for all groups before the study started was 30–31 points, which corresponded to average self-esteem. After a 12-week dietary or physical activity intervention, the score in the DI group was 33, which corresponded with high self-esteem. In the CG group, the self-esteem score remained unchanged (30 points). The average body mass loss was 0.5 kg/m2 for CG, 1.92 kg/m2 for DI, and 1.10 kg/m2 for the PA group. The average waist–hip ratio (WHR) change for CG, DI, and PA was 1 cm, 1 cm, and 2 cm, respectively. A decrease in body mass and body composition indicators (BMI and WHR) corresponded to participants’ global self-esteem increase (p < 0.05); the greater the decrease noted for BMI and WHR, the greater the global self-esteem score that was achieved. In the CG group, a negative correlation between global self-esteem and BMI value (p < 0.05) was observed. Conclusions: A 12-week reductive diet and a 12-week regular physical activity plan lowered participants’ body mass. Adipose tissue content was reflected by decreased BMI and WHR indicators of participants from the DI and PA groups and was accompanied by higher global self-esteem scores. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of COVID-19 on Women's Exercise and Health)
13 pages, 344 KiB  
Article
Perceptions of Antenatal Exercise in Pregnant Females and the Impact of COVID-19
by Madeleine France-Ratcliffe, Nicola D. Hopkins, David A. Low, Matthew S. Cocks, Helen Jones, Kayleigh S. Sheen and Victoria S. Sprung
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(17), 10635; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph191710635 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1393
Abstract
Exercise during pregnancy presents many benefits for the mother and baby. Yet, pregnancy is characterised by a decrease in exercise. Studies have reported barriers to antenatal exercise. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic may have further exacerbated barriers to antenatal exercise as pregnant females faced [...] Read more.
Exercise during pregnancy presents many benefits for the mother and baby. Yet, pregnancy is characterised by a decrease in exercise. Studies have reported barriers to antenatal exercise. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic may have further exacerbated barriers to antenatal exercise as pregnant females faced many challenges. Rich, in-depth exploration into pregnant female’s perceived barriers to antenatal exercise during COVID-19 is imperative. Questionnaires reporting physical activity levels were completed by all participants (n = 14). Semi-structured interviews were conducted between November 2020 and May 2021 in the UK. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis and revealed four main themes: ‘Perceptions of being an active person shaping activity levels in pregnancy’, ‘How do I know what is right? Uncertainty, seeking validation and feeling informed’, ‘Motivators to antenatal exercise’ and ‘A process of adaptations and adjustment’. Findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated barriers to antenatal exercise and highlight the importance of direct psychosocial support and clear, trustworthy information. Findings also support the fundamental need for better education amongst healthcare professionals regarding antenatal exercise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of COVID-19 on Women's Exercise and Health)
Back to TopTop