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Tobacco Use and Other Unhealthy Behaviors: Therapeutic Potential of Modifying Temporal Orientation

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 7110

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Christine E. Sheffer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Behavior, Bio-Behavioral Health and Recovery Laboratory, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
Interests: examination of bio-behavioral mechanisms involved with health behaviors; particularly tobacco dependence and other addictive behaviors
Dr. Warren K. Bickel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Addict Recovery Res Ctr, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
Interests: temporal orientation; delay discounting; health behavior; substance use; tobacco; smoking; alcohol; obesity; food consumption; socioeconomic health disparities; quality of life; trauma
Dr. Jeffrey S. Stein

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA; Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24016, USA
Interests: temporal orientation; delay discounting; health behavior; substance use; tobacco; smoking; alcohol; obesity; food consumption; socioeconomic health disparities; quality of life; trauma
Dr. Ellen Carl

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Behavior Bio-Behavioral Health and Recovery Laboratory，Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
Interests: smoking cessation; health behavior; substance use; tobacco

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Unhealthy behaviors such as tobacco and other substance use, excess alcohol use, and unhealthy food consumption together contribute significantly to the primary causes of preventable death, disease, and disability in the world today. These health behaviors also contribute significantly to socioeconomic health disparities. While current evidence-based treatments have demonstrated notable success, the actual impact of these treatments is often quite small. In addition, these unhealthy behaviors often co-occur within individuals and are associated with a history of trauma and decreased quality of life. Once established, these behaviors appear to be maintained by multiple psychological and bio-behavioral feedback systems that make changing these behaviors particularly difficult.

Most agree that improving health behavior change would have a significant impact on public health, and, if disseminated equitably, might positively impact socioeconomic health disparities. Significant innovations are needed to improve health behavior changes on population and individual levels. One of the more promising recent innovations has been to target temporal orientation—the relative value and emphasis placed on the past, present, or future. Measures of temporal orientation include assessments of time perspective and delay (or temporal) discounting. These constructs have been foundationally and mechanistically linked with many, if not most, unhealthy behaviors. Importantly, recent research has shown that these constructs are also modifiable. Next steps are of course to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of modifying temporal orientation.

In this Special Issue titled “Therapeutic Potential of Modifying Temporal Orientation”, we are seeking unpublished works, including but not limited to studies that seek to modify time perspective and delay discounting. Responsive manuscripts will include in-depth discussion of the therapeutic potential of the approach and the potential translation of the positive and/or negative findings to clinical and/or public health practice. Formative research; observational studies; qualitative, quantitative, and mixed designs; laboratory and experimental research; and secondary data analyses will be considered. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are welcome. The utilization of digital technologies and the inclusion of vulnerable population groups will be considered advantageous.

Dr. Christine E. Sheffer
Dr. Warren K. Bickel
Dr. Jeffrey S. Stein
Dr. Ellen Carl
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • temporal orientation
  • delay discounting
  • health behavior
  • substance use
  • tobacco
  • smoking
  • alcohol
  • obesity
  • food consumption
  • medication compliance
  • socioeconomic health disparities
  • quality of life
  • trauma

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 353 KiB  
Article
Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
by Erin S. Rogers, Elizabeth Vargas, Christina N. Wysota and Scott E. Sherman
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(5), 2736; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052736 - 26 Feb 2022
Viewed by 1599
Abstract
Low-income adults are significantly more likely to smoke, and face more difficulty in quitting, than people with high income. High rates of delay discounting (DD) may be an important factor contributing to the high rates of tobacco use among low-income adults. Future-oriented financial [...] Read more.
Low-income adults are significantly more likely to smoke, and face more difficulty in quitting, than people with high income. High rates of delay discounting (DD) may be an important factor contributing to the high rates of tobacco use among low-income adults. Future-oriented financial coaching may offer a novel approach in the treatment of smoking cessation among low-income adults. This secondary analysis (N = 251) of data from a randomized controlled trial examined the integration of future-oriented financial coaching into smoking cessation treatment for low-income smokers. Linear regression and finite mixture models (FMM) estimated the overall and the latent heterogeneity of the impact of the intervention versus usual care control on DD rates 6 months after randomization. Though standard linear regression found no overall difference in DD between intervention and control (β = −0.23, p = 0.338), the FMM identified two latent subgroups with different responses to the intervention. Subgroup 1 (79% of the sample) showed no difference in DD between intervention and control (β = 0.25, p = 0.08). Subgroup 2 (21% of the sample) showed significantly lower DD (β = −2.06, p = 0.003) among intervention group participants versus control at 6 months. Participants were more likely to be a member of subgroup 2 if they had lower baseline DD rates, were living at or below 100% of federal poverty, or were married/living with a partner. This study identified a group of low-income adults seeking to quit smoking who responded to financial coaching with decreased DD rates. These results can be used to inform future targeting of the intervention to individuals who may benefit most, as well as inform future treatment adaptations to support the subgroup of low-income smokers, who did not benefit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco Use and Other Unhealthy Behaviors: Therapeutic Potential of Modifying Temporal Orientation)
15 pages, 1923 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Episodic Future Thinking and Graphic Warning Labels on Delay Discounting and Cigarette Demand
by Gideon P. Naudé, Sean B. Dolan, Justin C. Strickland, Meredith S. Berry, David J. Cox and Matthew W. Johnson
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(23), 12637; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph182312637 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2084
Abstract
Delay discounting and operant demand are two behavioral economic constructs that tend to covary, by degree, with cigarette smoking status. Given historically robust associations between adverse health outcomes of smoking, a strong preference for immediate reinforcement (measured with delay discounting), and excessive motivation [...] Read more.
Delay discounting and operant demand are two behavioral economic constructs that tend to covary, by degree, with cigarette smoking status. Given historically robust associations between adverse health outcomes of smoking, a strong preference for immediate reinforcement (measured with delay discounting), and excessive motivation to smoke cigarettes (measured with operant demand), researchers have made numerous attempts to attenuate the extent to which behaviors corresponding to these constructs acutely appear in smokers. One approach is episodic future thinking, which can reportedly increase the impact of future events on present decision making as well as reduce the reinforcing value of cigarettes. Graphic cigarette pack warning labels may also reduce smoking by increased future orientation. Experiment 1 evaluated the combined effects of episodic future thinking and graphic warning labels on delay discounting; Experiment 2 evaluated solely the effects of episodic future thinking on delay discounting and operant demand. We observed no statistically significant effects of episodic future thinking when combined with graphic warning labels or when assessed on its own. These results serve as a call for further research on the boundary conditions of experimental techniques reported to alter behaviors associated with cigarette smoking. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco Use and Other Unhealthy Behaviors: Therapeutic Potential of Modifying Temporal Orientation)
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11 pages, 717 KiB  
Article
Future Thinking Priming Especially Effective at Modifying Delay Discounting Rates among Cigarette Smokers
by Alina Shevorykin, Warren K. Bickel, Ellen Carl and Christine E. Sheffer
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(16), 8717; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph18168717 - 18 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2200
Abstract
Background: Tobacco use remains one of the world’s greatest preventable causes of death and disease. While most smokers want to quit, few are successful, highlighting a need for novel therapeutic approaches to support cessation efforts. Lower delay discounting (DD) rates are associated with [...] Read more.
Background: Tobacco use remains one of the world’s greatest preventable causes of death and disease. While most smokers want to quit, few are successful, highlighting a need for novel therapeutic approaches to support cessation efforts. Lower delay discounting (DD) rates are associated with increased smoking cessation success. Future thinking priming (FTP) reliably reduces DD rates in large populations. Smokers consistently discount more than nonsmokers, and evidence suggests that changes in DD rates are rate dependent. This study examined whether smoking status moderated the effect of FTP on DD rates and, if so, if the moderation effect could be attributed to differences in baseline rates of DD. Methods: Moderation analysis was conducted to determine whether the effect of FTP, versus neutral priming (NP), on DD differed among smokers and nonsmokers. Results: Smoking status moderated the effect of condition (FTP vs. NP) on post-intervention DD scores (b = −0.2919, p = 0.0124) and DD change scores (b = −0.2975, p = 0.0130). There was no evidence of rate dependence effects in the current sample. Conclusions: FTP had a greater effect on decreasing DD rates among smokers than nonsmokers. FTP is effective and simple to administer, which makes it a promising therapeutic approach for aiding smoking cessation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tobacco Use and Other Unhealthy Behaviors: Therapeutic Potential of Modifying Temporal Orientation)
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