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Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Alloys
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Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Alloys

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2023) | Viewed by 6457

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Ming-Wei Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
Interests: powder metallurgy; sintering theory; additive manufacturing; metals and alloys; material analysis; mechanical property; fracture

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Numerous novel alloys have received extensive attention. According to their shapes, sizes, and applications, alloys can be produced by various processing techniques, such as casting, rolling, forging, welding, machining, powder metallurgy, and additive manufacturing. However, increasing the hardness/strength of alloys by modifying the processing parameters or by adding alloying elements mostly impairs the ductility or toughness, and vice versa. This is the biggest challenge in developing a new type of alloy with excellent combinations of various mechanical performances. Moreover, a light-weight alloy with an outstanding strength–ductility combination can reduce energy consumption and material usage.

This Special Issue aims to cover recent advances and developments in the microstructure and mechanical behaviours of alloys and the latest processing–microstructure–mechanical properties relationships. The microstructural and fracture analyses include optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, and other advanced analytical techniques. The mechanical behaviours examined comprise, but are not limited to, tensile, compressive, fatigue, impact, and creep loadings. In addition, research on the simulation of mechanical behaviour and deformation/fracture progress is extremely useful in clarifying the mechanical behaviours of materials, and such studies are also warmly welcome. The types of submissions in this Special Issue include full papers, communications, and reviews.

Prof. Dr. Ming-Wei Wu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • alloy
  • microstructure
  • mechanical behaviour
  • deformation
  • fracture
  • material analysis
  • process
  • simulation

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 4823 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Dry/Wet Tribological Behaviors of 1% Cu-Alloyed Austempered Ductile Iron
by Cheng-Hsun Hsu, Chun-Yin Lin and Wei-Shih You
Materials 2023, 16(6), 2284; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16062284 - 12 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1503
Abstract
In this study, different austempering conditions were applied to 1 wt.% Cu-alloyed ductile iron to produce various austempered ductile irons (ADIs). The study aimed to explore the variations in microstructure, hardness, and dry/wet wear behaviors of the ADIs. The experimental results indicated that [...] Read more.
In this study, different austempering conditions were applied to 1 wt.% Cu-alloyed ductile iron to produce various austempered ductile irons (ADIs). The study aimed to explore the variations in microstructure, hardness, and dry/wet wear behaviors of the ADIs. The experimental results indicated that the microstructure of the 300 °C–ADI has denser needle-like ausferrite, lower retained austenite content, and higher carbon content in austenite compared with the 360 °C–ADI. As the austempering time increased, the retained austenite content decreased, while the carbon content of austenite increased. Regardless of dry or wet abrasive behavior, the wear resistance of the ADIs was significantly superior to that of the as-cast material. The ADI obtained at 300 °C for 10 h demonstrated the best wear resistance performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Alloys)
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12 pages, 5332 KiB  
Article
Application Research on Nb Microalloying of High-Carbon Pearlite Bridge Cable Wire Rods
by Xiaoxiong Zhu, Jie Zhou, Chengyang Hu, Kaiming Wu, Yifu Shen, Yongqing Zhang and Yuedong Jiang
Materials 2023, 16(6), 2160; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16062160 - 8 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1303
Abstract
The application of Nb microalloying to high-carbon pearlite bridge cable wire rod steel has always been controversial, especially in the actual production process, which will be affected by the cooling rate, holding temperature and final bonding temperature. In this paper, the experimental characterization, [...] Read more.
The application of Nb microalloying to high-carbon pearlite bridge cable wire rod steel has always been controversial, especially in the actual production process, which will be affected by the cooling rate, holding temperature and final bonding temperature. In this paper, the experimental characterization, finite element simulation and phase diagram calculation of the test steel were carried out, then the microstructure and properties of different parts of Nb microalloying of bridge cable wire rods were compared and analyzed. The phase transition interval of pearlite during the water-cooling process of bridge cable wire rods is increased due to the refinement of austenite grains, and the significant increase in the end temperature of the phase transition makes the average interlamellar spacing of pearlite increase. The cooling rate of different parts of bridge cable wire rods simulated by Abaqus has little difference. At the same time, Nb microalloying effectively increases the proportion of low-angle grain boundaries, so that the overall average misorientation representing the surface defects is reduced. This helps to reduce the surface energy and increase the stability of the microstructure. Combined with the mechanical properties of microtensile rods, it is found that the grain refinement effect of Nb is greater than that of coarsening interlamellar spacing during hot rolling deformation in actual production, which makes the tensile strength at the 1/4 section increase significantly. The overall tensile strength and area shrinkage of the steel wire have also been effectively improved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Alloys)
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9 pages, 3077 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the 6 wt% Mn-Doped Martensitic Steel Strengthened by Cu/NiAl Nanoparticles
by Yan Jiang, Songsong Xu, Xiuhua Lu, Xiaoxiang Wu, Liang Chen, Shichao Liu and Xinzhong Li
Materials 2023, 16(1), 241; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16010241 - 27 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1249
Abstract
The microstructure and mechanical properties of 6 wt.% Mn-doped martensitic steel have been investigated through a combination of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The 6 wt.% Mn-doped steel exhibits a yield strength of ~1.83 GPa [...] Read more.
The microstructure and mechanical properties of 6 wt.% Mn-doped martensitic steel have been investigated through a combination of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The 6 wt.% Mn-doped steel exhibits a yield strength of ~1.83 GPa and an elongation-to-failure of ~7% under peak aging, and the ~853 MPa of precipitation strengthening is much higher than that observed in the 1.5 wt.% and 3 wt.% Mn-doped steels. The steel is composed of α’-martensite and slightly equiaxed α-ferrite together with a high proportion (~62.3%) of low-angle grain boundaries, and 6 wt.% Mn doping and the aging treatment have an effect on the matrix’s microstructure. However, 6 wt.% Mn doping can obviously increase the mean size of the Cu/NiAl nanoparticles by enhancing the chemical driving force of the Mn partitioning on the NiAl nanoparticles, which differs from the refining effect on the nanoparticles in 3 wt.% Mn-doped steels. Furthermore, larger Cu/NiAl nanoparticles can significantly improve the yield strength of martensitic steel through precipitation-strengthening mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Alloys)
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13 pages, 7057 KiB  
Article
Improved Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Powder Metallurgy Austenitic, Ferritic, and Martensitic Stainless Steels by Liquid Phase Sintering
by Ming-Hsiang Ku, Lung-Chuan Tsao, Yu-Jin Tsai, Zih-Jie Lin and Ming-Wei Wu
Materials 2022, 15(16), 5483; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15165483 - 9 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1494
Abstract
Powder metallurgy (PM) has been widely used to produce various steels in industry, mainly due to its capabilities for manufacturing nearly net-shaped products and mass production. To improve the performances of PM stainless steels, the roles of 0.6 wt% B additive in the [...] Read more.
Powder metallurgy (PM) has been widely used to produce various steels in industry, mainly due to its capabilities for manufacturing nearly net-shaped products and mass production. To improve the performances of PM stainless steels, the roles of 0.6 wt% B additive in the microstructures, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistances of PM 304L austenitic, 410L ferritic, and 410 martensitic stainless steels were investigated. The results showed that adding 0.6 wt% B significantly improved the sintered densities of the three kinds of stainless steels due to the liquid phase sintering (LPS) phenomenon. The borides in 304L + 0.6B, 410L + 0.6B, and 410 + 0.6B were rich in B and Cr atoms but deficient in Fe, Ni, or C atoms, as analyzed by electron probe micro-analysis. Furthermore, the B additive contributed to the improved apparent hardness and corrosion resistance of PM stainless steels. In the 410L stainless steel, the 0.6 wt% B addition increased the corrosion voltage from −0.43 VSCE to −0.24 VSCE and reduced the corrosion current density from 2.27 × 10−6 A/cm2 to 1.93 × 10−7 A/cm2. The effects of several factors, namely: porosity; the generation of boride; the matrix/boride interfacial areas; Cr depletion; and the microstructure on the corrosion performances are discussed. The findings clearly indicate that porosity plays a predominant role in the corrosion resistances of PM austenitic, ferritic, and martensitic stainless steels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Alloys)
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