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Medicina
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Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and...
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Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2022) | Viewed by 15912

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andrea Sisti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
Interests: breast cancer; breast reconstruction; oncoplastic surgery; craniofacial surgery; maxillofacial surgery; nerve surgery; pediatric plastic surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Breast cancer in the United States is the most common cancer in women after skin cancer, regardless of race or ethnicity. The late detection and advanced-stage diagnosis of breast cancer are still current issues in several countries. Lymphedema after lymph-node dissection or radiation therapy occurs in 10%–40% of patients with breast cancer.

Breast cancer survivors’ social experience has been studied. Household size, psychosocial well-being, and social threat anxiety have been demonstrated to contribute to the ultimate patient wellness and health. These data are worrisome and push us researchers and scientists to find new solutions and innovations that allow early diagnosis, effective treatment, and reconstruction. Targeted interventions among breast cancer patients may be helpful to reduce late diagnosis and undesirable outcomes.

New understandings of tumor biology have made possible considerable progresses. Neoadjuvant systemic treatments result in significant tumor shrinkage in many patients. Intraoperative radiation therapy is an alternative to whole-breast irradiation in selected early-stage breast cancer patients. Nipple-sparing mastectomy, skin-sparing mastectomy and oncoplastic reconstruction are now the gold standard for treatment and reconstruction. Lymphaticovenular anastomosis and other treatments for upper extremities lymphedema after breast cancer have been effectively applied.

I invite colleagues from all over the world to contribute to this Special Issue on breast cancer. Radiologists, psychologists and psychiatrists, general surgeons, plastic surgeons, and breast cancer scholars in general are encouraged to submit manuscripts. We will consider submissions in the form of case reports, original research articles, reviews, commentaries, discussions, and letters to the Editor. Now more than ever it is necessary for breast cancer specialists to communicate with each other about the new possible strategies and innovations in the diagnosis, treatment, psychology, management, and reconstruction of breast cancer, with the final goal of fighting this neoplasm that unfortunately still afflicts millions of women and men worldwide.

Dr. Andrea Sisti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • breast cancer
  • breast reconstruction
  • prosthesis implantation
  • radical surgery
  • autologous tissue reconstruction
  • early diagnosis
  • lumpectomy
  • mastectomy
  • psychological impact
  • cancer therapy
  • cancer management
  • oncoplasty

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 213 KiB  
Editorial
Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction
by Jennifer Den and Andrea Sisti
Medicina 2023, 59(2), 212; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina59020212 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1704
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women after skin cancer [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Other

12 pages, 1007 KiB  
Article
Sociodemographic Determinants in Breast Cancer Screening among Uninsured Women of West Texas
by Brooke Jensen, Hafiz Khan and Rakhshanda Layeequr Rahman
Medicina 2022, 58(8), 1010; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58081010 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2044
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Early detection through appropriate screening is key to curing breast cancer. The Access to Breast Care for West Texas (ABC4WT) program offers no-cost mammography to underserved women in West Texas. The U.S. Preventative Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines are breast [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Early detection through appropriate screening is key to curing breast cancer. The Access to Breast Care for West Texas (ABC4WT) program offers no-cost mammography to underserved women in West Texas. The U.S. Preventative Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines are breast cancer screening guidelines which suggest screening for all women at the age of 50 years. The focus of this study was to identify sociodemographic barriers and determinants for breast cancer screenings, as well as screening outcomes, in low income, uninsured, or under-insured communities in West Texas. Materials and Methods: The ABC4WT program’s patient database was queried from 1 November, 2018, to 1 June, 2021, for sociodemographic variables, screening history, and results to identify high-risk groups for outreach. The American College of Radiology’s risk assessment and quality assurance tool, BI-RADS (Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System), a widely accepted lexicon and reporting schema for breast imaging, was used for risk differentiation. Results: The cancer rate for ABC4WT’s program was significantly higher than the national mean (5.1), at 23.04 per 1000 mammograms. Of the 1519 mammograms performed, women between 40 and 49 years old represented the highest percentages of BI-RADS 4 and 5 (42.0% and 28.0%, respectively; p = 0.049). This age group also received 43.7% of biopsies performed and comprised 28.6% (n = 10) of cancers diagnosed (n = 35) (p = 0.031). Additionally, participants with a monthly household income of less than USD 800/month/person were more likely to result in a cancer diagnosis (70.6%) than higher incomes (29.4%) (p = 0.021). Conclusions: These determinants most starkly impacted women 40–49 years old who would not have been screened by U.S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines. This population with increased cancer risk should be encouraged to undergo screening for breast cancer via mammography. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction)
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10 pages, 335 KiB  
Article
Factors Affecting Suicidal Thoughts in Breast Cancer Patients
by Jurgita Kazlauskiene, Alvydas Navickas, Sigita Lesinskiene and Giedre Bulotiene
Medicina 2022, 58(7), 863; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58070863 - 28 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1535
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Women diagnosed with breast cancer experience severe trauma. Psychological help for breast cancer patients is not sufficient because of limited professional resources. The goal of this study was to identify groups of breast cancer patients with the greatest suicidal risk, [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Women diagnosed with breast cancer experience severe trauma. Psychological help for breast cancer patients is not sufficient because of limited professional resources. The goal of this study was to identify groups of breast cancer patients with the greatest suicidal risk, who could be the first target for psychosocial interventions. Materials and Methods: The study included 421 women with stage T1–T3/N0–N3/M0 breast cancer. We provided women with a set of questionnaires 1–2 days prior to breast surgery and one year after surgery. One hundred eighty-eight patients completed the questionnaires after one year. We used the Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II) item Suicidal Thoughts or Intentions for the assessment of suicidal risk. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) was used to measure the risk of PTSD and the Vrana–Lauterbach Traumatic Events Questionnaire-Civilian, TEQ-C (TEQ-CV) was used to measure whether patients had experienced other traumatic events in their lifetime. Results: The incidence of suicidal ideation one year after surgery increased from 4.3% to 12.8% of patients. Patients who lived in rural areas had a two times greater risk of suicidal thoughts than patients who lived in urban areas. Working patients were 2.5 times more likely to have suicidal thoughts prior to surgery. Severely traumatic events increased the chances of suicidal ideation (OR 7.72; 95% CI 1.63–36.6; p = 0.01). The symptoms of PTSD showed a threefold increase in the likelihood of suicidal ideation (OR 2.89; 95% CI 0.98–8.55; p = 0.05). Conclusions: Living in the countryside, having a history of traumatic experience, having a paid job and having symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder influence suicidal ideation in breast cancer patients. Particular attention should be drawn to individuals with multiple risk factors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction)
12 pages, 2083 KiB  
Article
Histopathological Analysis of the Effect of Photodynamic Action on Post-Chemotherapy Excised Breast Cancer Tissue
by Elżbieta Ostańska, Edyta Barnaś, Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher, Klaudia Dynarowicz, Magdalena Szpunar, Joanna Skręt-Magierło and David Aebisher
Medicina 2022, 58(6), 700; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58060700 - 25 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1929
Abstract
Background and objectives: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and its mortality is increasing. Therefore, research to improve treatment is of paramount importance. One method of treatment is photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy selectively stimulates apoptosis in photosensitizer-treated neoplastic [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and its mortality is increasing. Therefore, research to improve treatment is of paramount importance. One method of treatment is photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy selectively stimulates apoptosis in photosensitizer-treated neoplastic breast cells as a result of cytotoxic singlet oxygen generation via collisions between triplet excited state photosensitizer and triplet ground state oxygen upon tissue irradiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photodynamic action on cancerous breast tissue samples as a model of photodynamic therapy. Materials and Methods: Breast cancer tissue samples were obtained from post-operative material and the patterns of histopathological changes in breast cancer tissue before and after photodynamic action on post-chemotherapy tissue were evaluated. Excised tissue samples were obtained from 48 female breast cancer patients who had previously undergone chemotherapy. Breast cancer tissues for this study were taken from macroscopically visible tumors larger than 10 mm. Histopathological analysis was performed to evaluate any morphological changes prior to and after photodynamic action on the post-chemotherapy tissue samples. Eighteen breast cancer tissue samples were analyzed before chemotherapy, fifteen after chemotherapy, and fifteen samples were analyzed after chemotherapy and application of photodynamic action. The photosensitizer Rose Bengal was applied to the samples subjected to photodynamic action. Results: Photodynamic action on post-chemotherapy neoplastic tissue showed histological changes under a light microscope. The results showed that morphological changes in breast cancer tissues after chemotherapy and photodynamic action were dependent on the concentration of Rose Bengal. In all cases, follow-up imaging showed tumor shrinkage of an average of 35% from baseline size. Conclusions: Histopathological examination revealed photosensitizer-concentration-dependent changes after photodynamic action in excised post-chemotherapy tissue. The effects of photodynamic action observed in this study suggest that the application of photodynamic therapy after chemotherapy can aid in breast cancer cell eradication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction)
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Other

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9 pages, 3696 KiB  
Case Report
Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma of the Breast Synchronous with a High-Grade Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and Ductal Carcinoma in Situ in a Different Quadrant of the Same Breast: A Case Report
by Vasil Nanev, Silvia Naneva, Angel Yordanov, Strahil Strashilov, Assia Konsoulova, Mariela Vasileva-Slaveva, Tatyana Betova and Ivan Ivanov
Medicina 2022, 58(9), 1146; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58091146 - 23 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3253
Abstract
Lymphoepithelioma-like breast carcinoma (LELC) is a rare type of malignant breast tumor that is not included in the current edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of breast tumors. Currently, there are no clearly defined therapeutic strategies, and the general information on [...] Read more.
Lymphoepithelioma-like breast carcinoma (LELC) is a rare type of malignant breast tumor that is not included in the current edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of breast tumors. Currently, there are no clearly defined therapeutic strategies, and the general information on breast LELC is based on sporadic clinical cases described in the medical literature. We present a clinical case that describes a 49-year-old woman with a tumor formation in the right breast, histologically verified as LELC, together with a non-palpable, synchronous high-grade invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ Grade 2 (DCIS G2) in a different quadrant of the same breast. To our knowledge, this is the first case described in the literature that combines a LELC with a synchronous carcinoma in the same breast. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction)
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8 pages, 9865 KiB  
Case Report
Pre-Pectoral One-Stage Breast Reconstruction with Anterior Coverage Using Superior Anterior Biological Acellular Dermal Matrix (ADM) and Inferior Anterior Dermal Sling Support
by Andrea Sisti, Payam Sadeghi, Roberto Cuomo and Sonia M. Alvarez
Medicina 2022, 58(8), 992; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58080992 - 25 Jul 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1906
Abstract
The use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) implants has enhanced breast reconstruction. ADM is a biotechnologically designed human tissue of bovine or porcine origin in which tissue processing removes cellular antigens. In this case report, we describe the use of ADM in one-stage [...] Read more.
The use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) implants has enhanced breast reconstruction. ADM is a biotechnologically designed human tissue of bovine or porcine origin in which tissue processing removes cellular antigens. In this case report, we describe the use of ADM in one-stage prepectoral breast reconstruction. Skin-reduction breast reconstruction with a prepectoral implant was performed. We created a combined dermal pocket using the inferior dermal flap, sutured with a patch of acellular dermal matrix to continue its extension until the upper pole, to cover the implant. This technique offers single-stage immediate reconstruction, with a decreased requirement for ADM and increased use of vascularized tissue and implant support. Additionally, in the pre-pectoral space, decreased pain postoperatively and less anatomic disruption is offered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction)
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5 pages, 269 KiB  
Commentary
Current and Future Role of Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Which Way to Go Forward
by Alessandro Rizzo, Antonio Cusmai, Gennaro Gadaleta-Caldarola and Gennaro Palmiotti
Medicina 2022, 58(5), 600; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58050600 - 27 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1987
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized previous triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment algorithms, prompting researchers and clinicians to consider the expansion of the role of immunotherapy in other settings, including the earlier stage of the disease (e.g., as neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy). The role of chemoimmunotherapy [...] Read more.
Immunotherapy has revolutionized previous triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment algorithms, prompting researchers and clinicians to consider the expansion of the role of immunotherapy in other settings, including the earlier stage of the disease (e.g., as neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy). The role of chemoimmunotherapy have been assessed in some recently presented and published clinical trials, including the KEYNOTE-522, the IMpassion031, and the GeparNUEVO. In the current Editorial, we will provide a critical snapshot of these studies, exploring strengths and limitations of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early TNBC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, Psychology, Management, and Reconstruction)
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