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Polymers
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Polymers and Drug Delivery Systems II
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Polymers and Drug Delivery Systems II

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2022) | Viewed by 15841

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Iolanda De Marco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Industrial Engineering Department, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
Interests: polymer/active principle composites; drug delivery; supercritical carbon dioxide; microparticles and nanoparticles precipitation; biopolymer aerogels; polymer/drug coprecipitation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biocompatible, both natural and synthetic, polymers constitute the backbone of drug delivery and release. Pharmaceutical ingredients are often characterized by a poor rate of dissolution that leads to poor bioavailability. The use of water-soluble polymers in combination with such active ingredients can lead to a significant increase in the rate of dissolution and immediate release dosage forms can be prepared, such as tablets, or capsules. Hydrophobic polymers, on the other hand, allow to modulate the dissolution of drugs when the reduction of the frequency of administration is desired. In this case, modified release dosage forms are synthesized. If polymers, in addition to being biocompatible, are also biodegradable, it is possible to consider not only the pharmaceutical sector but also the biomedical one; in fact, these can also be used in plants, considering that their degradation leads to the formation of non-toxic monomers.

This Special Issue is the continuation of a published Special Issue entitled “Polymers and Drug Delivery Systems”, which contains 12 papers that dealt with novel drug delivery applications, from nanoparticles to microcapsules or microparticles, from inclusion complexes to targeted delivery.

This Special Issue is focused in collecting research and review papers related to the following topics:

  • microparticles or inclusion complexes to obtain tablets for oral drug delivery
  • polymeric capsules containing the active principle
  • loaded foams, membranes or aerogels for topical delivery
  • hydrogels for ocular drug delivery
  • nanoparticulate formulations for intranasal delivery.

Prof. Dr. Iolanda De Marco
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymer/drug composites
  • immediate, controlled or prolonged release
  • targeted delivery
  • natural and synthetic polymers
  • dissolution rate
  • coprecipitated microparticles
  • inclusion complexes
  • topical delivery
  • drug loaded aerogels and foams
  • capsules for active principle delivery

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3469 KiB  
Article
Immediate Release Formulation of Inhaled Beclomethasone Dipropionate-Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin Composite Particles Produced Using Supercritical Assisted Atomization
by Hsien-Tsung Wu, Yao-Hsiang Chuang, Han-Cyuan Lin, Tzu-Chieh Hu, Yi-Jia Tu and Liang-Jung Chien
Polymers 2022, 14(10), 2114; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14102114 - 23 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1800
Abstract
In this study, the enhanced solubilization performance of a poorly soluble drug, beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), was investigated using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and ethanol. The enhanced solubility of the drug was determined using the phase solubility method and correlated as a function of both HP-β-CD [...] Read more.
In this study, the enhanced solubilization performance of a poorly soluble drug, beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), was investigated using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and ethanol. The enhanced solubility of the drug was determined using the phase solubility method and correlated as a function of both HP-β-CD and ethanol concentrations. The effective progress of drug solubility originated from the formation of cyclodextrin and BDP inclusion complexes and increase in the lipophilicity of the medium, by aqueous ethanol, for hydrophobic BDP. BDP and HP-β-CD composite particles were produced using supercritical assisted atomization (SAA) with carbon dioxide as the spraying medium, 54.2% (w/w) aqueous ethanol as the solvent, and an optimal amount of the dispersion enhancer leucine. The effect of the mass ratio of HP-β-CD to BDP (Z) on the in vitro aerosolization and in vitro dissolution performance of BDP–HP-β-CD composite particles was evaluated. The aerosolization performance showed that the fine particles fraction (FPF) of the composite particles increased with increasing mass ratio. The water-soluble excipient (HP-β-CD) effectively enhance the dissolution rate of BDP from composite particles. This study suggests that BDP–HP-β-CD composite particles produced using SAA can be employed in immediate-release drug formulations for pulmonary delivery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Drug Delivery Systems II)
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16 pages, 3637 KiB  
Article
Temperature/pH-Responsive Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) Interpenetrating Polymer Network Aerogels for Drug Delivery Systems
by Zhongming Liu, Sufeng Zhang, Chao Gao, Xia Meng, Shoujuan Wang and Fangong Kong
Polymers 2022, 14(8), 1578; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14081578 - 13 Apr 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2426
Abstract
Temperature/pH-responsive carboxymethyl cellulose/poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) aerogels (CMC/Ca2+/PNIPAM aerogels) were developed as a novel drug delivery system. The aerogel has a highly open network structure with a porosity of more than 90%, which provides convenient conditions [...] Read more.
Temperature/pH-responsive carboxymethyl cellulose/poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) aerogels (CMC/Ca2+/PNIPAM aerogels) were developed as a novel drug delivery system. The aerogel has a highly open network structure with a porosity of more than 90%, which provides convenient conditions for drug release. The morphology and structure of the CMC/Ca2+/PNIPAM aerogels were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Micro-CT, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), pore size analysis, and cytotoxicity analysis. The analysis results demonstrate that the aerogel is non-toxic and has more active sites, temperatures, and pH response performances. The anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was successfully loaded into aerogels through physical entrapment and hydrogen bonding. The drug loading and sustained-release model of aerogels are used to fit the drug loading and sustained-release curve, revealing the drug loading and sustained-release mechanism, and providing a theoretical basis for the efficient drug loading and sustained release. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Drug Delivery Systems II)
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Review

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15 pages, 12917 KiB  
Review
Coprecipitation of Class II NSAIDs with Polymers for Oral Delivery
by Iolanda De Marco
Polymers 2023, 15(4), 954; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym15040954 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1521
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently administered orally with modified-release formulations. The attainment of modified-release drugs is commonly achieved through the coprecipitation of the active principle with a biodegradable polymeric carrier in the form of micro or nanoparticles. In this review, some coprecipitation [...] Read more.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently administered orally with modified-release formulations. The attainment of modified-release drugs is commonly achieved through the coprecipitation of the active principle with a biodegradable polymeric carrier in the form of micro or nanoparticles. In this review, some coprecipitation studies of three highly prescribed NSAIDs (in particular, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac sodium) have been analyzed. The techniques employed to micronize the powder, the polymers used, and the main results have been classified according to the type of release required in different categories, such as delayed, immediate, prolonged, sustained, and targeted release formulations. Indeed, depending on the pathology to be treated, it is possible to achieve specific therapeutic objectives, ensuring that the drug is released at a higher or lower dissolution rate (if compared to conventional drugs) and/or at a different time and/or in a specific site of action. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Drug Delivery Systems II)
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21 pages, 5567 KiB  
Review
Amphiphilic Block Copolymers: Their Structures, and Self-Assembly to Polymeric Micelles and Polymersomes as Drug Delivery Vehicles
by Ketan Kuperkar, Dhruvi Patel, Leonard Ionut Atanase and Pratap Bahadur
Polymers 2022, 14(21), 4702; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14214702 - 03 Nov 2022
Cited by 58 | Viewed by 9192
Abstract
Self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers display a multiplicity of nanoscale periodic patterns proposed as a dominant tool for the ‘bottom-up’ fabrication of nanomaterials with different levels of ordering. The present review article focuses on the recent updates to the self-association of amphiphilic block [...] Read more.
Self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers display a multiplicity of nanoscale periodic patterns proposed as a dominant tool for the ‘bottom-up’ fabrication of nanomaterials with different levels of ordering. The present review article focuses on the recent updates to the self-association of amphiphilic block copolymers in aqueous media into varied core-shell morphologies. We briefly describe the block copolymers, their types, microdomain formation in bulk and micellization in selective solvents. We also discuss the characteristic features of block copolymers nanoaggregates viz., polymer micelles (PMs) and polymersomes. Amphiphilic block copolymers (with a variety of hydrophobic blocks and hydrophilic blocks; often polyethylene oxide) self-assemble in water to micelles/niosomes similar to conventional nonionic surfactants with high drug loading capacity. Double hydrophilic block copolymers (DHBCs) made of neutral block-neutral block or neutral block-charged block can transform one block to become hydrophobic under the influence of a stimulus (physical/chemical/biological), and thus induced amphiphilicity and display self-assembly are discussed. Different kinds of polymer micelles (viz. shell and core-cross-linked, core-shell-corona, schizophrenic, crew cut, Janus) are presented in detail. Updates on polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) are also provided. Polyion complexes (PICs) and polyion complex micelles (PICMs) are discussed. Applications of these block copolymeric micelles and polymersomes as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems are described. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymers and Drug Delivery Systems II)
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