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Advances in Optical Sensing for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications
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Advances in Optical Sensing for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 18822

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Lepore

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy
Interests: fluorescence optical methods; vibrational spectroscopies; enzymatic optical biosensing; two-photon microscopy; optical properties of turbid media; biophotonics medical applications.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ines Delfino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy
Interests: optical spectroscopy and microscopy; Raman and SERS techniques; light scattering methods; optical biosensing; optical sensing approaches; diagnosis and disease follow-up and study of ionizing radiation on biosystems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical methods are non-invasive tools that have allowed the development of a large number of sensors for quantitatively and qualitatively determining the components of analytes of interest in many fields of application including pharmaceutical research, medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, agriculture, industry, food safety and security. In the last years, advances in experimental and data analysis techniques have enabled the development of new sensing schemes and devices characterized by superior working parameters (very low detection limit, high specificity and sensitivity) and innovative applicative approaches. The aim of this special issue is to offer an overview of the recent advances in the use of optical methods for biomedical and biotechnological applications. With this aim, original research papers, as well as review articles, will be published to show the diversity of the new developments in these areas and their wide dissemination in these fields. If you require clarifications, or wish to discuss your submission in advance, we encourage you to contact us. We look forward to and welcome your participation in this Special Issue.

Prof. Maria Lepore
Dr. Ines Delfino
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical, chemical and biological sensors
  • Raman and SERS sensing
  • SEIRA sensing
  • Sensors based on colorimetry, evanescent wave and infrared spectroscopies
  • light-scattering sensing
  • fluorescence
  • label-free sensing
  • plasmonic based sensors
  • spectral analysis
  • multivariate data analysis
  • chemometrics

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2846 KiB  
Article
Multivariate Analysis of Difference Raman Spectra of the Irradiated Nucleus and Cytoplasm Region of SH-SY5Y Human Neuroblastoma Cells
by Ines Delfino, Valerio Ricciardi, Lorenzo Manti, Maria Lasalvia and Maria Lepore
Sensors 2019, 19(18), 3971; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s19183971 - 14 Sep 2019
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2926
Abstract
Previous works showed that spatially resolved Raman spectra of cytoplasm and nucleus region of single cells exposed to X-rays evidence different features. The present work aims to introduce a new approach to profit from these differences to deeper investigate X-ray irradiation effects on [...] Read more.
Previous works showed that spatially resolved Raman spectra of cytoplasm and nucleus region of single cells exposed to X-rays evidence different features. The present work aims to introduce a new approach to profit from these differences to deeper investigate X-ray irradiation effects on single SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. For this aim, Raman micro-spectroscopy was performed in vitro on single cells after irradiation by graded X-ray doses (2, 4, 6, 8 Gy). Spectra from nucleus and cytoplasm regions were selectively acquired. The examination by interval Principal Component Analysis (i-PCA) of the difference spectra obtained by subtracting each cytoplasm-related spectrum from the corresponding one detected at the nucleus enabled us to reveal the subtle modifications of Raman features specific of different spatial cell regions. They were discussed in terms of effects induced by X-ray irradiation on DNA/RNA, lipids, and proteins. The proposed approach enabled us to evidence some features not outlined in previous investigations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Sensing for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications)
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13 pages, 1938 KiB  
Article
A Smartphone-Based Whole-Cell Array Sensor for Detection of Antibiotics in Milk
by Mei-Yi Lu, Wei-Chen Kao, Shimshon Belkin and Ji-Yen Cheng
Sensors 2019, 19(18), 3882; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s19183882 - 09 Sep 2019
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4306
Abstract
We present an integral smartphone-based whole-cell biosensor, LumiCellSense (LCS), which incorporates a 16-well biochip with an oxygen permeable coating, harboring bioluminescent Escherichia coli bioreporter cells, a macro lens, a lens barrel, a metal heater tray, and a temperature controller, enclosed in a light-impermeable [...] Read more.
We present an integral smartphone-based whole-cell biosensor, LumiCellSense (LCS), which incorporates a 16-well biochip with an oxygen permeable coating, harboring bioluminescent Escherichia coli bioreporter cells, a macro lens, a lens barrel, a metal heater tray, and a temperature controller, enclosed in a light-impermeable case. The luminescence emitted by the bioreporter cells in response to the presence of the target chemicals is imaged by the phone’s camera, and a dedicated phone-embedded application, LCS_Logger, is employed to calculate photon emission intensity and plot it in real time on the device’s screen. An alert is automatically given when light intensity increases above the baseline, indicating the presence of the target. We demonstrate the efficacy of this system by the detection of residues of an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP), in whole milk, with a detection threshold of 7.2 ng/mL. This value is below the allowed maximum as defined by European Union regulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Sensing for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications)
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10 pages, 5018 KiB  
Article
Raman Analysis of Tear Fluid Alteration Following Contact Lense Use
by Angela Capaccio, Antonio Sasso and Giulia Rusciano
Sensors 2019, 19(15), 3392; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s19153392 - 02 Aug 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3021
Abstract
Tear fluid is a heterogeneous solution containing mainly proteins, lipids, mucins and electrolytes, which regulates the physiology of the human eye. The complex composition of tears can be altered in the presence of eye inflammations. The use of contact lenses is one of [...] Read more.
Tear fluid is a heterogeneous solution containing mainly proteins, lipids, mucins and electrolytes, which regulates the physiology of the human eye. The complex composition of tears can be altered in the presence of eye inflammations. The use of contact lenses is one of the most frequent causes of inflammatory responses of the eye, with the related discomfort often causing the wearer to give up using them. In this paper, we exploit the potentiality of Raman Spectroscopy to analyse the biochemical changes in tear fluid in a contact lens wearer. In particular, we analysed the tear fluid collected from a volunteer as a function of the wearing time for two types of monthly contact lenses (Hydrogel and Si-Hydrogel). Our experimental results show an alteration of the relative concentrations of proteins and lipids in both of the analysed cases. More importantly, our results highlight the diagnostic sensitivity of Raman analysis to select the proper contact lens type for each wearer and optimise the lens wearing conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Sensing for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications)
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13 pages, 1878 KiB  
Article
Biochemical Changes in Human Cells Exposed to Low Concentrations of Gold Nanoparticles Detected by Raman Microspectroscopy
by Maria Lasalvia, Giuseppe Perna and Vito Capozzi
Sensors 2019, 19(10), 2418; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s19102418 - 27 May 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2888
Abstract
The toxicological implications of nanoparticles deserve accurate scientific investigation for the protection of human health. Although toxic effects involve specific organs, the events that cause them have their origin from biochemical modifications of some cellular constituents. Therefore, a first analysis to evaluate the [...] Read more.
The toxicological implications of nanoparticles deserve accurate scientific investigation for the protection of human health. Although toxic effects involve specific organs, the events that cause them have their origin from biochemical modifications of some cellular constituents. Therefore, a first analysis to evaluate the effects due to the action of nanoparticles is achieved by investigation of in vitro cells, which allows the identification of the cellular modifications caused by nanoparticles (NPs) even at much lower doses than the lethal ones. This work evaluated the Raman microspectroscopy capability to monitor biochemical changes occurring in human cells as a consequence of exposure to a suspension of gold nanoparticles with a non-cytotoxic concentration. Human keratinocyte cells were used as a model cell line, because they are mainly involved in environmental exposure. A trypan blue assay revealed that the investigated concentration, 650 ng/mL, is non-cytotoxic (about 5% of cells died after 48 h exposure). Specific Raman spectral markers to represent the cell response to nanoparticle exposure were found (at 1450 and 2865 cm−1) in the cytoplasm spectra, with the aid of ratiometric and principal component analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Sensing for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications)
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19 pages, 2983 KiB  
Article
A Handheld Real-Time Photoacoustic Imaging System for Animal Neurological Disease Models: From Simulation to Realization
by Yu-Hang Liu, Yu Xu, Lun-De Liao, Kim Chuan Chan and Nitish V. Thakor
Sensors 2018, 18(11), 4081; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s18114081 - 21 Nov 2018
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 5009
Abstract
This article provides a guide to design and build a handheld, real-time photoacoustic (PA) imaging system from simulation to realization for animal neurological disease models. A pulsed laser and array-based ultrasound (US) platform were utilized to develop the system for evaluating vascular functions [...] Read more.
This article provides a guide to design and build a handheld, real-time photoacoustic (PA) imaging system from simulation to realization for animal neurological disease models. A pulsed laser and array-based ultrasound (US) platform were utilized to develop the system for evaluating vascular functions in rats with focal ischemia or subcutaneous tumors. To optimize the laser light delivery, finite element (FE)-based simulation models were developed to provide information regarding light propagation and PA wave generation in soft tissues. Besides, simulations were also conducted to evaluate the ideal imaging resolution of the US system. As a result, a PA C-scan image of a designed phantom in 1% Lipofundin was reconstructed with depth information. Performance of the handheld PA system was tested in an animal ischemia model, which revealed that cerebral blood volume (CBV) changes at the cortical surface could be monitored immediately after ischemia induction. Another experiment on subcutaneous tumors showed the anomalous distribution of the total hemoglobin concentration (HbT) and oxygen saturation (SO2), while 3D and maximum intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the subcutaneous tumors are also presented in this article. Overall, this system shows promise for monitoring disease progression in vascular functional impairments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Sensing for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications)
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