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MEMS Devices for Biomedical Applications
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MEMS Devices for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 8630

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zoltán Fekete

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Information Technology & Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: MEMS; silicon technology; polymer micromachining, neural implants; biomedical devices; biosensor, microoptics; microfluidics; drug delivery devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Wamadeva Balachandran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Electronic Systems Research, Electronic and Computer Engineering, CEDPS, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
Interests: guided wave measurement; electromagnetic acoustic transducers; Lab-on-a-chip; electromagnetic field sensing; global positioning satellite system and MEMS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomedical MEMS are key components of state-of-the-art diagnostic approaches that are featured by high sensitivity, low response time and low variability. Novel concepts of today’s BioMEMS rely on the exploitation of sophisticated micro- and nanofabrication processes using smart, responsive or functional materials. Expectations from the global community focus on autonomously working, low-cost solutions accompanied by integrated features to precisely identify or monitor biomolecules, pathogens and other chemical substances. This Special Issue aims to provide opportunity to address aspects of design, materials, technology, and applications of MEMS based sensors and actuators for biomedical research and industry. Contributions may include novel operation principles, components and architecture of  lab-on-a-chip, organ-on-a-chip and microTAS systems. Both review papers and original research articles are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Zoltán Fekete
Prof. Dr. Wamadeva Balachandran
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Lab-on-a-chip
  • Microfluidics
  • Organ-on-a-chip
  • Biofabrication
  • Biosensor
  • Microarrays
  • Cell cultures
  • PCR chips
  • Point-of-care

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 4163 KiB  
Article
Dean-Flow Affected Lateral Focusing and Separation of Particles and Cells in Periodically Inhomogeneous Microfluidic Channels
by Anita Bányai, Enikő Farkas, Hajnalka Jankovics, Inna Székács, Eszter Leelőssyné Tóth, Ferenc Vonderviszt, Róbert Horváth, Máté Varga and Péter Fürjes
Sensors 2023, 23(2), 800; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23020800 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2237
Abstract
The purpose of the recent work is to give a better explanation of how Dean vortices affect lateral focusing, and to understand how cell morphology can alter the focusing position compared to spherical particles. The position and extent of the focused region were [...] Read more.
The purpose of the recent work is to give a better explanation of how Dean vortices affect lateral focusing, and to understand how cell morphology can alter the focusing position compared to spherical particles. The position and extent of the focused region were investigated using polystyrene fluorescent beads with different bead diameters (Ø = 0.5, 1.1, 1.97, 2.9, 4.8, 5.4, 6.08, 10.2, 15.8, 16.5 µm) at different flow rates (0.5, 1, 2 µL/s). Size-dependent focusing generated a precise map of the equilibrium positions of the spherical beads at the end of the periodically altering channels, which gave a good benchmark for focusing multi-dimensional particles and cells. The biological samples used for experiments were rod-shaped Escherichia coli (E. coli), discoid biconcave-shaped red blood cells (RBC), round or ovoid-shaped yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and soft-irregular-shaped HeLa cancer-cell-line cells to understand how the shape of the cells affects the focusing position at the end of the channel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS Devices for Biomedical Applications)
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14 pages, 1756 KiB  
Article
Dimensionality Reduction and Prediction of Impedance Data of Biointerface
by Ebrahim Ismaiel, Anita Zátonyi and Zoltán Fekete
Sensors 2022, 22(11), 4191; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22114191 - 31 May 2022
Viewed by 1315
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is the golden tool for many emerging biomedical applications that describes the behavior, stability, and long-term durability of physical interfaces in a specific range of frequency. Impedance measurements of any biointerface during in vivo and clinical applications could be [...] Read more.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is the golden tool for many emerging biomedical applications that describes the behavior, stability, and long-term durability of physical interfaces in a specific range of frequency. Impedance measurements of any biointerface during in vivo and clinical applications could be used for assessing long-term biopotential measurements and diagnostic purposes. In this paper, a novel approach to predicting impedance behavior is presented and consists of a dimensional reduction procedure by converting EIS data over many days of an experiment into a one-dimensional sequence of values using a novel formula called day factor (DF) and then using a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to predict the future behavior of the DF. Three neural interfaces of different material compositions with long-term in vitro aging tests were used to validate the proposed approach. The results showed good accuracy in predicting the quantitative change in the impedance behavior (i.e., higher than 75%), in addition to good prediction of the similarity between the actual and the predicted DF signals, which expresses the impedance fluctuations among soaking days. The DF approach showed a lower computational time and algorithmic complexity compared with principal component analysis (PCA) and provided the ability to involve or emphasize several important frequencies or impedance range in a more flexible way. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS Devices for Biomedical Applications)
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13 pages, 5012 KiB  
Article
Geometry-Dependent Efficiency of Dean-Flow Affected Lateral Particle Focusing and Separation in Periodically Inhomogeneous Microfluidic Channels
by Anita Bányai, Eszter Leelőssyné Tóth, Máté Varga and Péter Fürjes
Sensors 2022, 22(9), 3474; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22093474 - 03 May 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1580
Abstract
In this study, inertial focusing phenomenon was investigated, which can be used as a passive method for sample preparation and target manipulation in case of particulate suspensions. Asymmetric channel geometry was designed to apply additional inertial forces besides lift forces to promote laterally [...] Read more.
In this study, inertial focusing phenomenon was investigated, which can be used as a passive method for sample preparation and target manipulation in case of particulate suspensions. Asymmetric channel geometry was designed to apply additional inertial forces besides lift forces to promote laterally ordered particles to achieve sheathless focusing or size-dependent sorting. The evolving hydrodynamic forces were tailored with altered channel parameters (width and height), and different flow rates, to get a better understanding of smaller beads’ lateral migration. Fluorescent beads (with the diameter of 4.8 µm and 15.8 µm) were used to distinguish the focusing position in continuous flow, and experimental results were compared to in silico models for particle movement prediction, made in COMSOL Multiphysics. The focusing behaviour of the applied microfluidic system was mainly characterised for particle size in the range close to blood cells and bacteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS Devices for Biomedical Applications)
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17 pages, 5278 KiB  
Article
Bio-Interface on Freestanding Nanosheet of Microelectromechanical System Optical Interferometric Immunosensor for Label-Free Attomolar Prostate Cancer Marker Detection
by Tomoya Maeda, Ryoto Kanamori, Yong-Joon Choi, Miki Taki, Toshihiko Noda, Kazuaki Sawada and Kazuhiro Takahashi
Sensors 2022, 22(4), 1356; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22041356 - 10 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2688
Abstract
Various biosensors that are based on microfabrication technology have been developed as point-of-care testing devices for disease screening. The Fabry–Pérot interferometric (FPI) surface-stress sensor was developed to improve detection sensitivity by performing label-free biomarker detection as a nanomechanical deflection of a freestanding membrane [...] Read more.
Various biosensors that are based on microfabrication technology have been developed as point-of-care testing devices for disease screening. The Fabry–Pérot interferometric (FPI) surface-stress sensor was developed to improve detection sensitivity by performing label-free biomarker detection as a nanomechanical deflection of a freestanding membrane to adsorb the molecules. However, chemically functionalizing the freestanding nanosheet with excellent stress sensitivity for selective molecular detection may cause the surface chemical reaction to deteriorate the nanosheet quality. In this study, we developed a minimally invasive chemical functionalization technique to create a biosolid interface on the freestanding nanosheet of a microelectromechanical system optical interferometric surface-stress immunosensor. For receptor immobilization, glutaraldehyde cross-linking on the surface of the amino-functionalized parylene membrane reduced the shape variation of the freestanding nanosheet to 1/5–1/10 of the previous study and achieved a yield of 95%. In addition, the FPI surface-stress sensor demonstrated molecular selectivity and concentration dependence for prostate-specific antigen with a dynamic range of concentrations from 100 ag/mL to 1 µg/mL. In addition, the minimum limit of detection of the proposed sensor was 2,000,000 times lower than that of the conventional nanomechanical cantilevers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue MEMS Devices for Biomedical Applications)
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