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Textile Electrodes and Sensors
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Textile Electrodes and Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Wearables".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 20032

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tilak Dias

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Textiles Research Group, Nottingham School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Bonington Building, Dryden Street, Nottingham, NG1 4GG, United Kingdom
Interests: electronically functional yarn (E-yarn); advanced 3D knitting technology; active compression garments; fabric antennae; electronic textiles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Theodore Hughes-Riley

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Textiles Research Group, School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
Interests: electronic textiles; smart textiles; internet of things; energy-harvesting textiles; sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Textiles offer an excellent platform for the incorporation of sensors for human-based sensing applications. In fact, they provide soft, flexible, breathable and conformable platforms,that are agreeable for humans to interact with. The use of technical textiles in the construction, automotive and aerospace industries also presents exciting opportunities for the inclusion of textiles-based sensors for monitoring the health of materials such as textile composites or for making environmental measurements.
Electronic textile sensors fall into three categories: those in which  the sensing elements are incorporated onto the textile surface, those in which the sensing elements are created using a conductive pathway or electrodes, and those in which the sensors are integrated within the fibres of yarn in a discrete manner.  This has facilitated the construction of a disparate range of sensing textiles with various applications, from monitoring vital signs in humans to sensing motion. The use of conductive pathways and electrodes has also led to the creation of a wealth of sensor types, including electrodes for heart rate monitoring, temperature sensing, and pressure sensing.
Despite the variety of electronic textile sensors that have been created in recent years, the potential for the design of innovative sensor types is still great. Additionally, many electronic textile sensors still require improvements and validation, which  offers exciting avenues for researchers to explore.

This upcoming Special Issue on ‘Textile Electrodes and Sensors’ will report on cutting-edge developments in this growing field.  We invite research articles and review articles on topics including, but not limited to:

  • Electronic textile sensor fabrication;
  • Novel fabrication technologies;
  • Electronic textile sensor calibration;
  • Electronic textile sensor validation trials;
  • Electronic textile sensor signal collection or processing;
  • Sustainability issues regarding electronic textile sensors;
  • Electronic textile energy solutions;
  • Internet of Things.

The submitted manuscripts should be novel, unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

Prof. Dr. Tilak Dias
Dr. Theodore Hughes-Riley
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Electronic textiles
  • E-textiles
  • Smart textiles
  • Technical textiles
  • Health-monitoring textiles
  • Internet of Things
  • Energy-harvesting textiles

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 8580 KiB  
Article
Vibration-Sensing Electronic Yarns for the Monitoring of Hand Transmitted Vibrations
by Zahra Rahemtulla, Theodore Hughes-Riley and Tilak Dias
Sensors 2021, 21(8), 2780; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s21082780 - 15 Apr 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2720
Abstract
Overexposure to hand transmitted vibrations (HTVs) from prolonged use of vibrating power tools can result in severe injuries. By monitoring the exposure of a worker to HTVs, overexposure, and injury, can be mitigated. An ideal HTV-monitoring system would measure vibration were it enters [...] Read more.
Overexposure to hand transmitted vibrations (HTVs) from prolonged use of vibrating power tools can result in severe injuries. By monitoring the exposure of a worker to HTVs, overexposure, and injury, can be mitigated. An ideal HTV-monitoring system would measure vibration were it enters the body, which for many power tools will be the palm and fingers, however this is difficult to achieve using conventional transducers as they will affect the comfort of the user and subsequently alter the way that the tool is held. By embedding a transducer within the core of a textile yarn, that can be used to produce a glove, vibration can be monitored close to where it enters the body without compromising the comfort of the user. This work presents a vibration-sensing electronic yarn that was created by embedding a commercially available accelerometer within the structure of a yarn. These yarns were subsequently used to produce a vibration-sensing glove. The purpose of this study is to characterize the response of the embedded accelerometer over a range of relevant frequencies and vibration amplitudes at each stage of the electronic yarn’s manufacture to understand how the yarn structure influences the sensors response. The vibration-sensing electronic yarn was subsequently incorporated into a fabric sample and characterized. Finally, four vibration-sensing electronic yarns were used to produce a vibration-sensing glove that is capable of monitoring vibration at the palm and index finger. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Electrodes and Sensors)
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15 pages, 4029 KiB  
Article
A Knitted Sensing Glove for Human Hand Postures Pattern Recognition
by Seulah Lee, Yuna Choi, Minchang Sung, Jihyun Bae and Youngjin Choi
Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1364; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s21041364 - 15 Feb 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3931
Abstract
In recent years, flexible sensors for data gloves have been developed that aim to achieve excellent wearability, but they are associated with difficulties due to the complicated manufacturing and embedding into the glove. This study proposes a knitted glove integrated with strain sensors [...] Read more.
In recent years, flexible sensors for data gloves have been developed that aim to achieve excellent wearability, but they are associated with difficulties due to the complicated manufacturing and embedding into the glove. This study proposes a knitted glove integrated with strain sensors for pattern recognition of hand postures. The proposed sensing glove is fabricated at all once by a knitting technique without sewing and bonding, which is composed of strain sensors knitted with conductive yarn and a glove body with non-conductive yarn. To verify the performance of the developed glove, electrical resistance variations were measured according to the flexed angle and speed. These data showed different values depending on the speed or angle of movements. We carried out experiments on hand postures pattern recognition for the practicability verification of the knitted sensing glove. For this purpose, 10 able-bodied subjects participated in the recognition experiments on 10 target hand postures. The average classification accuracy of 10 subjects reached 94.17% when their own data were used. The accuracy of up to 97.1% was achieved in the case of grasp posture among 10 target postures. When all mixed data from 10 subjects were utilized for pattern recognition, the average classification expressed by the confusion matrix arrived at 89.5%. Therefore, the comprehensive experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the knitted sensing gloves. In addition, it is expected to reduce the cost through a simple manufacturing process of the knitted sensing glove. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Electrodes and Sensors)
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14 pages, 8722 KiB  
Article
Hand-Made Embroidered Electromyography: Towards a Solution for Low-Income Countries
by Samuel Pitou, Brendan Michael, Karina Thompson and Matthew Howard
Sensors 2020, 20(12), 3347; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s20123347 - 12 Jun 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3100
Abstract
Surface electromyography is used for non-invasive evaluations of the neuromuscular system and conventionally involves electrodes placed on the skin to collect electrical signals associated with muscle activity. Recently, embroidered electrodes have been presented as a low-cost alternative to the current commercial solutions. However, [...] Read more.
Surface electromyography is used for non-invasive evaluations of the neuromuscular system and conventionally involves electrodes placed on the skin to collect electrical signals associated with muscle activity. Recently, embroidered electrodes have been presented as a low-cost alternative to the current commercial solutions. However, the high cost of equipment used in their fabrication forms a barrier to deployment. To address this, this paper presents the first study into the hand-sewing of electrodes for surface electromyography to assess its feasibility as an affordable, alternative means of production. In experiments reported here, batches of hand-sewn electrodes from six novice embroiderers are tested for (i) manufacturing consistency, and (ii) myographic data acquisition against conventional gelled and machine-sewn electrodes. First, the electrical properties of the created electrodes are assessed through simple resistance measurements. Then, linear regression is performed using electromyography data to test if force-variation detection is feasible. The results demonstrate that hand-sewn electrodes provide similar sensitivity to force variation as their machine-sewn counterparts according to the linear regression gradients calculated ( 8.84 using the hand-sewn electrodes and 9.38 using the machine-sewn electrodes, on the flexor muscles of the forearm). This suggests that hand-made, low-cost textile interfaces could be deployed using local production in developing economies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Electrodes and Sensors)
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18 pages, 4822 KiB  
Article
Effects of Environmental Conditions and Composition on the Electrical Properties of Textile Fabrics
by José Torreblanca González, Raúl García Ovejero, Álvaro Lozano Murciego, Gabriel Villarrubia González and Juan F. De Paz
Sensors 2019, 19(23), 5145; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s19235145 - 24 Nov 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2822
Abstract
In our day to day life, the environmental conditions, and especially the temperature and humidity of the air that surrounds us, go unnoticed. However, in many cases, these parameters play an important role in the use of materials since they modify their electrical [...] Read more.
In our day to day life, the environmental conditions, and especially the temperature and humidity of the air that surrounds us, go unnoticed. However, in many cases, these parameters play an important role in the use of materials since they modify their electrical properties. It is necessary to predict what this behaviour will be as these environmental conditions can introduce or improve desirable properties in the material, especially of textiles. The nature of these is to be dielectric, and therefore have a minimal DC electrical conductivity that is currently impossible to measure directly, so a methodology has been proposed to obtain the DC electrical resistivity through the method of discharging a condenser. For this purpose, a system was developed based on a static voltmeter, a climatic chamber and a control and data capture units. In order to validate the proposed system and methodology a study using both is described in this work. The study made it possible to verify that the most influential factor in establishing the values of the electrical parameters of a textile material is the nature of the fibres of which it is composed, although the influence of environmental conditions in fibres is also significant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Electrodes and Sensors)
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Review

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39 pages, 6949 KiB  
Review
A Review of Solar Energy Harvesting Electronic Textiles
by Achala Satharasinghe, Theodore Hughes-Riley and Tilak Dias
Sensors 2020, 20(20), 5938; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s20205938 - 21 Oct 2020
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 6620
Abstract
An increased use in wearable, mobile, and electronic textile sensing devices has led to a desire to keep these devices continuously powered without the need for frequent recharging or bulky energy storage. To achieve this, many have proposed integrating energy harvesting capabilities into [...] Read more.
An increased use in wearable, mobile, and electronic textile sensing devices has led to a desire to keep these devices continuously powered without the need for frequent recharging or bulky energy storage. To achieve this, many have proposed integrating energy harvesting capabilities into clothing: solar energy harvesting has been one of the most investigated avenues for this due to the abundance of solar energy and maturity of photovoltaic technologies. This review provides a comprehensive, contemporary, and accessible overview of electronic textiles that are capable of harvesting solar energy. The review focusses on the suitability of the textile-based energy harvesting devices for wearable applications. While multiple methods have been employed to integrate solar energy harvesting with textiles, there are only a few examples that have led to devices with textile properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Electrodes and Sensors)
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