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Advances in Sustainable Energy Technologies

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 11936

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Research group in Sustainable and Renewable Electrical Technologies. Electrical Engineering Department, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
Interests: hybrid renewable energies; power electronics in renewable energy systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Group in Sustainable and Renewable Electrical Technologies, Department of Engineering in Automation, Electronics and Computer Architecture & Networks, University of Cadiz, Algeciras, Spain
Interests: renewable energies generation and control; energy storage; hybrid energy systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, the increase in global energy demand, and the aim of supplying every inhabited point on the planet, has progressively relied more and more on the use of renewable energy sources, as opposed to fossil fuels and nuclear energy.

One of the main benefits of renewable energies, compared to fossil fuels and nuclear energy, is their sustainability. Given their low impact on global warming, they make it possible to satisfy a large part of the present energy needs without compromising future generations. That is the reason why they will have to play a crucial role in the power systems of the future. Nonetheless, the struggle of conventional fossil fuels or nuclear power to evolve into less harmful technologies is also a significant challenge.

Not all sustainable technologies have the same maturity. Some of them are technologically advanced, while others are still in an experimental phase, but a common aspect for all of them is their search for the maximum degree of efficiency, reliability, and security. These topics embrace the main research efforts in both academia and industry nowadays.

This Special Issue aims to present the latest advances, at any scale of application, related to the technological development, improvement, and integration, as well as the normative regulation of the sustainable energy sources, energy storage, conversion, distribution, and utilization technologies, whatever their level of technological maturity and their nature. In this sense, it is open not only to studies on renewable energy sources, but also to studies dealing with the conversion of conventional fossil fuels or nuclear power into more sustainable technologies.

Prof. Dr. Higinio Sánchez-Sáinz
Dr. Raúl Sarrias-Mena
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy conversion
  • energy efficiency
  • energy storage
  • renewable energy
  • sustainability
  • sustainable energy technologies

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 1469 KiB  
Article
Renewable Energy Source (RES)-Based Polygeneration Systems for Multi-Family Houses
by Javier Uche, Amaya Martínez-Gracia, Ignacio Zabalza and Sergio Usón
Sustainability 2024, 16(3), 945; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su16030945 - 23 Jan 2024
Viewed by 763
Abstract
This research work synthetizes the energy, economic, and environmental aspects of a novel configurational analysis of four polygeneration schemes designed to fulfill the demands of a multi-family building that includes 12 dwellings. The design aims to meet the requirements (water, electricity, heat and [...] Read more.
This research work synthetizes the energy, economic, and environmental aspects of a novel configurational analysis of four polygeneration schemes designed to fulfill the demands of a multi-family building that includes 12 dwellings. The design aims to meet the requirements (water, electricity, heat and cold air) from Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), in particular by selecting photovoltaic and photovoltaic-thermal panels, thermoelectric generators, and biomass as auxiliaries. Electricity is available from the grid, and no electrical storage is planned. Water and cooling may be produced by alternative technologies that configure the polygeneration alternatives. The case study is in Valencia, a coastal Mediterranean city in Spain. The Design Builder Clima estimated demand calculations, and the system performance was modeled in TRNSYS. Desalination was linked by using EES models. Results show that the suggested schemes offer substantial energy and CO2 savings. The innovative life-cycle analysis applied further enhances the cumulative CO2 savings across the four configurations if the impact of the installations is compared with the conventional external supply. The electric option (combining heat pump and reverse osmosis for cooling and desalination) emerged as the most appealing solution due to its reliability, lower investment cost, and environmental impact. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainable Energy Technologies)
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23 pages, 7933 KiB  
Article
Optimal Allocation of Distribution Static Synchronous Compensators in Distribution Networks Considering Various Load Models Using the Black Widow Optimization Algorithm
by Sunday Adeleke Salimon, Isaiah Gbadegesin Adebayo, Gafari Abiola Adepoju and Oludamilare Bode Adewuyi
Sustainability 2023, 15(21), 15623; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su152115623 - 04 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 672
Abstract
Incorporating Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) units into the radial distribution network (RDN) represents a practical approach to providing reactive compensation, minimizing power loss, and enhancing voltage profile and stability. This research introduces a unique optimization technique called the Black Widow Optimization (BWO) [...] Read more.
Incorporating Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) units into the radial distribution network (RDN) represents a practical approach to providing reactive compensation, minimizing power loss, and enhancing voltage profile and stability. This research introduces a unique optimization technique called the Black Widow Optimization (BWO) algorithm for strategically placing DSTATCOM units within the RDN. The primary objective is to minimize power loss while simultaneously evaluating various techno-economic parameters such as the voltage profile index (VPI), voltage stability index (VSI), and annual cost savings. The analysis of optimal DSTATCOM allocation, employing the proposed BWO algorithm, encompasses different load models, including constant impedance (CZ), constant current (CI), constant power (CP), and composite (ZIP) models. These analyses consider three distinct scenarios: single and multiple DSTATCOM integration. To gauge the effectiveness of the proposed BWO technique, it is applied to the IEEE 33-bus and 69-bus RDNs as test cases. Simulation results confirm the efficiency of the proposed approach across all four load models. Notably, in the case of the constant power model, the percentage reduction in power loss is substantial, with a reduction of 34.79% for the IEEE 33-bus RDN and 36.09% for the IEEE 69-bus RDN compared to their respective base cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainable Energy Technologies)
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19 pages, 2421 KiB  
Article
District Heating for Poorly Insulated Residential Buildings—Comparing Results of Visual Study, Thermography, and Modeling
by Stanislav Chicherin, Andrey Zhuikov and Lyazzat Junussova
Sustainability 2023, 15(20), 14908; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su152014908 - 16 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 726
Abstract
Newer buildings have a lower but smoother profile of indoor temperature, while older buildings are less energy efficient. Sometimes, the indoor temperature is unreasonably high, being 25–30 °C. There are buildings where the indoor temperature does not correlate with the outdoor one. Correction [...] Read more.
Newer buildings have a lower but smoother profile of indoor temperature, while older buildings are less energy efficient. Sometimes, the indoor temperature is unreasonably high, being 25–30 °C. There are buildings where the indoor temperature does not correlate with the outdoor one. Correction factors adjusting convective heat transfer coefficients are suggested. Energy demand is defined using the rate of heat loss and internal heat gains for the given building construction and design consumption profile. We suggest adjusting the setpoints of the secondary supply temperature to keep indoor and return temperatures lower. Correcting a traditional approach when designing a building may minimize energy consumption by 23.3% and increase the annual performance by up to 14.1%. The reductions of thermal peak resulting from a new type of controller adjustment (for instance, discrete) compared to the traditional operation range from roughly 10 to 30%, respectively. A better understanding of the system operation is a necessary step to switch to fourth-generation district heating (4GDH). This methodology is especially helpful in shaving daily peaks of heat demand. Building envelopes ease the charging, maximum storage capacity, and balance of the given generation and demand profiles, which are key factors in achieving the reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Once the heat demand is covered according to the maximum storage capacity for the given generation and demand profile, fewer efforts to modernize a district heating network are required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainable Energy Technologies)
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16 pages, 5488 KiB  
Article
CFD-Based J-Shaped Blade Design Improvement for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines
by Antonio García Auyanet, Rangga E. Santoso, Hrishikesh Mohan, Sanvay S. Rathore, Debapriya Chakraborty and Patrick G. Verdin
Sustainability 2022, 14(22), 15343; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142215343 - 18 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2751
Abstract
The need for an increase in energy harvesting has led to novel ideas and designs to extract more power from wind. One innovative solution is through the use of J-shaped blades for Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), which is based on the [...] Read more.
The need for an increase in energy harvesting has led to novel ideas and designs to extract more power from wind. One innovative solution is through the use of J-shaped blades for Darrieus vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), which is based on the removal of a portion of a conventional blade, either on the pressure or suction side. Although improvements in the self-starting capabilities of VAWTs have been reported when using such blades, the literature only studied hollow blades, showing a hair-like structure. This work numerically investigates six different J-shaped designs. A turbine comprising NACA0015-based blades forms the base case and is used to evaluate the 2D numerical models. Results show that blades with an external cut systematically outperform those designed with an internal cut. In addition, all proposed cut-based designs are shown to improve the starting torque of the turbine, reaching a 135% increase compared to the base model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainable Energy Technologies)
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Review

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30 pages, 4545 KiB  
Review
Wind Energy Conversions, Controls, and Applications: A Review for Sustainable Technologies and Directions
by M. A. Hannan, Ali Q. Al-Shetwi, M. S. Mollik, Pin Jern Ker, M. Mannan, M. Mansor, Hussein M. K. Al-Masri and T. M. Indra Mahlia
Sustainability 2023, 15(5), 3986; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su15053986 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 6237
Abstract
The use of renewable energy techniques is becoming increasingly popular because of rising demand and the threat of negative carbon footprints. Wind power offers a great deal of untapped potential as an alternative source of energy. The rising demand for wind energy typically [...] Read more.
The use of renewable energy techniques is becoming increasingly popular because of rising demand and the threat of negative carbon footprints. Wind power offers a great deal of untapped potential as an alternative source of energy. The rising demand for wind energy typically results in the generation of high-quality output electricity through grid integration. More sophisticated contemporary generators, power converters, energy management, and controllers have been recently developed to integrate wind turbines into the electricity system. However, a comprehensive review of the role of converters in the wind system’s power conversion, control, and application toward sustainable development is not thoroughly investigated. Thus, this paper proposes a comprehensive review of the impact of converters on wind energy conversion with its operation, control, and recent challenges. The converters’ impact on the integration and control of wind turbines was highlighted. Moreover, the conversion and implementation of the control of the wind energy power system have been analyzed in detail. Also, the recently advanced converters applications for wind energy conversion were presented. Finally, recommendations for future converters use in wind energy conversions were highlighted for efficient, stable, and sustainable wind power. This rigorous study will lead academic researchers and industry partners toward the development of optimal wind power technologies with improved efficiency, operation, and costs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainable Energy Technologies)
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