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Sustainable and Renewable Energy: Biodiesel Production
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Sustainable and Renewable Energy: Biodiesel Production

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2023) | Viewed by 3789

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zafar Said

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sustainable & Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Interests: renewable energy; energy and exergy analysis; solar energy (solar collectors, energy efficiency, efficiency improvement); heat transfer (heat transfer, cooling and heating); nanofluids (thermophysical properties, optical properties, application of nanofluids); nanoenhanced PCM; nanolubricants; nanorefrigerants; polygeneration; biofuels; energy storage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the high demand for diesel across the globe, as well as the adverse environmental and health effects of direct combustion, biodiesel production and use have been growing rapidly as the best short-term alternative for mineral diesel. However, utilizing edible and non-edible oil feedstocks for biodiesel synthesis has resulted in a number of contentious challenges, including feedstock availability and cost, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, land use changes (LUC) and fuel vs. food/feed competition. Fortunately, these issues may be addressed by adopting non-crop feedstocks. Modern approaches, such as machine learning and nanotechnology, are useful in this domain. This Special Issue aims to include papers that take into account the various aspects of sustainability in biodiesel production through innovative approaches such as lifecycle analysis, novel feedstock, byproduct utilization, machine learning and nanotechnology.  

Topics of interests include, but are not limited to:

  • Novel feedstock;
  • Byproduct utilization;
  • Lifecycle analysis;
  • Process optimization;
  • Machine-learning-based model prediction;
  • Residue management and property enhancement;
  • Advance processes to intensify biodiesel yields.

Dr. Zafar Said
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biodiesel
  • optimization
  • process intensification
  • novel feedstock
  • machine learning
  • nanotechnology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5780 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Analysis of Compression Ratio, Exhaust Gas Recirculation, and Pilot Fuel Injection in a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Tamarind Biodiesel
by Vallapudi Dhana Raju, Ibham Veza, Harish Venu, Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, M. A. Kalam, Tansir Ahamad, Prabhu Appavu, Jayashri N. Nair and S. M. Ashrafur Rahman
Sustainability 2023, 15(21), 15222; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su152115222 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 845
Abstract
The global automotive industry is facing significant challenges, including dwindling fossil fuel reserves, rising crude oil prices, and increasingly strict emission regulations. To address these concerns, this study investigates the impact of the compression ratio (CR) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the [...] Read more.
The global automotive industry is facing significant challenges, including dwindling fossil fuel reserves, rising crude oil prices, and increasingly strict emission regulations. To address these concerns, this study investigates the impact of the compression ratio (CR) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the performance and emissions of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine fuelled with a 20% blend of tamarind seed methyl ester (TSME 20) biodiesel. The study employed an open-type electronic control unit to implement pilot fuel injection at a rate of 30%, 23° before the top dead centre (TDC), and at a higher pressure of 600 bar. Three CRs (16:1, 18:1, 20:1) and two types of EGR (hot and cold EGR at 10%) were evaluated. Diesel fuel at CR 18 was used as a baseline for comparison. The experimental procedure involved conducting tests with TSME 20 at CR 16, 18, and 20. Subsequently, TSME 20 at CR 20 + Hot EGR 10% and TSME 20 at CR 20 + Cold EGR 10% were examined. The results showed that TSME 20 operated at a higher CR (CR 20) exhibited improved diesel engine performance and significant reductions in harmful exhaust emissions. Additionally, cold EGR at 10% was more effective in reducing CO, CO2, and NOx emissions from TSME 20 than hot EGR. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into optimizing diesel engine operation to achieve a balance between performance enhancement and emission reduction through tamarind seed biodiesel blends and different EGR techniques. The implementation of these strategies holds considerable potential in addressing the automotive industry’s challenges, including ecological considerations and fuel price fluctuations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable and Renewable Energy: Biodiesel Production)
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13 pages, 2465 KiB  
Article
Multi-Objective Optimization of the Structural Design of a Combustion Chamber of a Small Agricultural Diesel Engine Fueled with B20 Blend Fuel at a High Altitude Area
by Zhipeng Shi, Jun Wang, Xiangchi Guo and Xueyuan Liu
Sustainability 2023, 15(15), 11617; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su151511617 - 27 Jul 2023
Viewed by 607
Abstract
This study focuses on a small agricultural diesel engine fueled with B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel by volume) blend fuel in a plateau area. The combustion chamber’s structural parameters and fuel injection angle were taken as variables at peak torque conditions. First, [...] Read more.
This study focuses on a small agricultural diesel engine fueled with B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel by volume) blend fuel in a plateau area. The combustion chamber’s structural parameters and fuel injection angle were taken as variables at peak torque conditions. First, a full factorial design was used for experimental design. Second, the back-propagation (BP) neural network was employed to predict the indicated thermal efficiency and the indicated specific NOx emission. Third, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was utilized to optimize the indicated thermal efficiency and the indicated specific NOx emission. Finally, the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was applied to obtain optimal solutions, and a three-dimensional numerical simulation was conducted to verify the optimization results. The optimization results indicate that the shape characteristics of the combustion chamber have a certain influence on the engine’s performance. The optimized design significantly reduces NOx emissions, by 22.83%, compared to the original engine, whilst maintaining the engine’s performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable and Renewable Energy: Biodiesel Production)
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11 pages, 7428 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Biodiesel Production Potential of Synechococcus elongatus and Anabaena Cyanobacterial Strain Isolated from Saline Water Using Different Media Composition and Organic Carbon Sources
by Jeevitha Parthiban and Ranjitha Jambulingam
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 870; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su15010870 - 03 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1611
Abstract
In the present study, Synechococcus elongatus and Anabaena, two cyanobacterial species were cultured using different media conditions such as ASN III, modified ASN III, BG-11, and BBM for the enrichment of biomass and lipid productivity. The experimental result clearly shows that BG [...] Read more.
In the present study, Synechococcus elongatus and Anabaena, two cyanobacterial species were cultured using different media conditions such as ASN III, modified ASN III, BG-11, and BBM for the enrichment of biomass and lipid productivity. The experimental result clearly shows that BG 11 was the efficient and cost-effective medium for both the isolated cyanobacterial species such as Synechococcus elongatus and Anabaena. The influence of organic carbon sources on biomass and lipid productivity of the selected cyanobacterial species were studied when cultivated in a BG-11 medium using different organic carbon sources such as sucrose, glucose, sodium acetate and glycerol under mixotrophic conditions. Based on the experimental results, the isolated cyanobacterial strain Synechococcus elongatus and Anabaena showed an enriching effect on lipid production under mixotrophic conditions, but whereas Synechococcus elongatus showed a significant effect three times greater lipid productivity compared with Anabaena cyanobacterial strain, by the addition of glycerol as a supplement to the culture media. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable and Renewable Energy: Biodiesel Production)
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