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Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II
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Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Transportation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 61456

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jin-Woo Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Business, Korea Aerospace University, 76 Hanggongdaehak-ro, Deokyang-gu, Goyang-si 421-791, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: airline operation & management; airport operation & management; sustainable management; sustainable development in the air transport industry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is our pleasure to announce that, following the success of the first volume of this Special Issue, (https://0-www-mdpi-com.brum.beds.ac.uk/journal/sustainability/special_issues/Aviation_Management_Air_Transport_Industry), we are now hosting Volume II of the Special Issue on “Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry”.

The world is connected through globalization. Due to this worldwide interrelationship, interactions through air transportation are increasing rapidly. Aviation is a key component of the global economy, and the air transport industry is considered as one of the most important measures in evaluating national economic growth. In order to attain a clear understanding of the growing air transport industry, it is essential to investigate the various issues related to aviation management and the air transport industry.

The term “management” is commonly used in everyday parlance. However, the term “aviation management” may seem unfamiliar. The aviation industry is unique from its environment; therefore, there is a need to specify the focus when applying general management in the aviation industry.

Considering the importance of aviation management in the air transport industry, numerous interesting topics are available to be studied in advance. In this Special Issue, we invite all papers that are related to aviation management and the air transport industry. Contributions to this topic will not only be significant to this Special Issue, but also for future developments in aviation management and the air transport industry.

Prof. Dr. Jin-Woo Park
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Airline operation and management
  • Airport operation and management
  • Air transport industry
  • Aviation marketing
  • Aviation management and strategy
  • Aviation economics

Published Papers (17 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2797 KiB  
Article
Factors Affecting the International Flight Delays and Their Impact on Airline Operation and Management and Passenger Compensations Fees in Air Transport Industry: Case Study of a Selected Airlines in Europe
by Martina Zámková, Stanislav Rojík, Martin Prokop and Radek Stolín
Sustainability 2022, 14(22), 14763; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142214763 - 09 Nov 2022
Viewed by 4013
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the causes of flight delays of a selected airline operating in Europe and identify potential risks and reasons for delays in air transport, which carry risk, especially in connection with passenger dissatisfaction and the resulting need to pay [...] Read more.
This paper aims to analyze the causes of flight delays of a selected airline operating in Europe and identify potential risks and reasons for delays in air transport, which carry risk, especially in connection with passenger dissatisfaction and the resulting need to pay compensation for delayed flights, according to EU law, which brings significant financial costs for airlines. Data collected from the years 2013–2019 have been used for the purposes of this article, including data on the duration and causes of the delays and the characteristics of individual flights, such as the flight type, aircraft type, time of departure, aircraft capacity, and the load factor. Multidimensional statistics methods have been applied for data processing, namely tests of independence and correspondence analysis. Dependencies have been presented in graphical form using correspondence maps. The analysis shows that the total share of delayed flights of the company in question does not increase over the mentioned period of time. The analysis furthermore proved that higher capacity aircraft were rather prone to longer delays. The share of delayed charter flights declined slightly over the period under review, while the number of delays caused by airline operating reasons, aircraft clearance by supplier companies, technical maintenance and aircraft defects, operating procedures, and crew flight standards and airport restrictions is increasing. The analysis also shows that the delays propagated by the delays of the previous flights are becoming more frequent, with the exception of the year 2019. In the last pre-COVID year, air traffic control could boast about a positive trend regarding the number of produced delays over the years, contributing to greater air passenger satisfaction and airline service quality. Due to the gradual revival of air transport after the COVID pandemic lockdowns, the topic of flight delays, passenger customer satisfaction and financial costs for the resulting delays is once again an actual issue for air management and operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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19 pages, 963 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility on Corporate Reputation: The Case of Incheon International Airport
by SangRyeong Lee, Jin-Woo Park and Sukhoon Chung
Sustainability 2022, 14(17), 10930; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su141710930 - 01 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2425
Abstract
This study aims to intensively analyze the effects of Incheon International Airport’s implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on its reputation. CSR activities constitute a significant role as management strategies and sustain their business reputation in the airport industry based on the Incheon [...] Read more.
This study aims to intensively analyze the effects of Incheon International Airport’s implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on its reputation. CSR activities constitute a significant role as management strategies and sustain their business reputation in the airport industry based on the Incheon International airport in Korea. The purpose of this study is to provide CSR activities to promote the sustainable development of airports by verifying the impact of CSR on airport reputation through mediate variables within the airport industry in consideration of the value and importance of CSR. A survey was conducted for a total of 297 Incheon International Airport users, and the collected data was analyzed using the structural equation model. As a result, it was found that CSR has a positive effect on reputation. Therefore, CSR activities can positively enhance customer perception, strengthen the importance of sustainability, and play a very important role in Korea’s airport industry. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic data to emphasize the relative importance of airports’ CSR activities to enhance the reputation of airports in Korea and have a positive impact on sustainable development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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18 pages, 325 KiB  
Article
Flying-Related Concerns among Airline Customers in Finland and Sweden during COVID-19
by Joonas Leppävuori, Heikki Liimatainen and Stefan Baumeister
Sustainability 2022, 14(17), 10768; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su141710768 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2022
Abstract
COVID-19 hit the global economy hard in early 2020, and airline industry was among the biggest commercial victims. Governments closed borders, the virus scared off travelers and the aircraft stayed on the ground to a large extent. The forecasted record year turned out [...] Read more.
COVID-19 hit the global economy hard in early 2020, and airline industry was among the biggest commercial victims. Governments closed borders, the virus scared off travelers and the aircraft stayed on the ground to a large extent. The forecasted record year turned out to be the worst in the history of aviation. This study focused on the concerns of airline customers and analyzed the differences between the customer behavior in two focus markets, Finland and Sweden. The article is based on a questionnaire and the answers of 2004 airline customers. The results show that even though the overall COVID-19 strategy was very different between the focus markets, the same concerns still arose. The main concerns were related to quarantines and convenience of traveling, but health was also a major worry. The impact on climate change and public opinion were among the least concerning factors for most. The Swedes were less concerned about the quarantine upon returning, which may not be surprising due to their more liberal COVID-19 strategy at the time. Other attributes that were analyzed (gender, airline loyalty tier, age) suggest that females are categorically more concerned than males, the travel-related annoyances affect all travelers regardless of the tier and that travelers from different age groups are concerned about different aspects of traveling during a pandemic. The data gathering for this research was carried out in collaboration with Finnair, Finland’s national carrier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
14 pages, 569 KiB  
Article
The Effect of COVID-19 Countermeasures on Korean Air Passenger Confidence
by Heejoon Kim, Woon-Kyung Song and Jin-Woo Park
Sustainability 2022, 14(17), 10677; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su141710677 - 27 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1381
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has sharply reduced air travel demand since early 2020. This paper aims to identify factors influencing Korean passengers’ air travel confidence after COVID-19 based on three countermeasure classifications: social distancing, health, and vaccination. Data were collected online from 307 Korean [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic has sharply reduced air travel demand since early 2020. This paper aims to identify factors influencing Korean passengers’ air travel confidence after COVID-19 based on three countermeasure classifications: social distancing, health, and vaccination. Data were collected online from 307 Korean air passengers from December 2021 to January 2022. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine countermeasure influence on air passenger confidence. Health measures (face mask, temperature screening, and hand sanitizing) scored the highest on importance and air travel safety sensitivity. Social distancing measures (physical distancing, contactless boarding process, and sneeze guards) scored the lowest but were still perceived to be important. Only vaccine measures (vaccine pass check-in, vaccination rates, and personal vaccination status) were identified as having a significantly positive influence on Korean air travel confidence. The study’s results do not support past studies showing social distancing and health measures partially or fully influencing air travel confidence. This finding has significant implications for understanding how Korean passengers’ perceptions and perceived sense of safety are different or have changed two years into the crisis, as well as for achieving sustainability of the aviation and travel industries after COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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24 pages, 1397 KiB  
Article
“I Am Here to Fly, but Better Get the Environment Right!” Passenger Response to Airport Servicescape
by Collins Opoku Antwi, Jun Ren, Wenyu Zhang, Wilberforce Owusu-Ansah, Michael Osei Aboagye, Emmanuel Affum-Osei and Richard Adu Agyapong
Sustainability 2022, 14(16), 10114; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su141610114 - 15 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2271
Abstract
This study deploys environmental and positive psychology models to develop and test the influence of substantive and communicative staging of airport servicescape (i.e., SSoS and CSoS) on passengers’ emotional and subsequent behavioral responses. Furthermore, we examined the extent to which the strength of [...] Read more.
This study deploys environmental and positive psychology models to develop and test the influence of substantive and communicative staging of airport servicescape (i.e., SSoS and CSoS) on passengers’ emotional and subsequent behavioral responses. Furthermore, we examined the extent to which the strength of these associations is contingent upon passengers’ travel frequency (passengers’ familiarity with airport facilities and processes). The study’s sample (n = 387) was drawn from passengers departing from Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport (SHA). The results indicate that airport servicescape robustly engenders passengers’ positive emotion and satisfaction (with SSoS having more potent effects), facilitating intentions to repurchase, recommend, pay more, and partly, spend more. The interaction effects demonstrate that while pleasant CSoS induces higher satisfaction in frequent flyers, pleasing SSoS generates higher satisfaction in infrequent flyers. In addition, positive emotion appears more vital in predicting infrequent passengers’ behavioral intentions to repeat purchase, recommend, and pay more. Passenger satisfaction seems relevant for different passengers regarding their familiarity levels depending on the kind of behavioral response under consideration. Thus, satisfied frequent travelers are more inclined to repeat purchase and pay more; however, satisfied infrequent travelers are more likely to recommend and spend more at airport terminals. The summary, interpretation, and implication of the results conclude the study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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22 pages, 4416 KiB  
Article
Does Air Cargo Matter in Chinese Regional Economic Development? An Empirical Granger Causality Test
by Jun Zhou, Liang Leng, Quan Yuan and Xiaofa Shi
Sustainability 2022, 14(15), 9753; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14159753 - 08 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1244
Abstract
Using longitudinal data of 110 prefecture-level cities in China between 2006 and 2019, this paper conducts a Granger causality test between air cargo and regional economies through a multivariate VAR model, and attempts to explain the causal relationship in accordance with the endogenous [...] Read more.
Using longitudinal data of 110 prefecture-level cities in China between 2006 and 2019, this paper conducts a Granger causality test between air cargo and regional economies through a multivariate VAR model, and attempts to explain the causal relationship in accordance with the endogenous and exogenous growth theory. Our results show that while the impacts of regional socioeconomic factors, including GDP and employment, on air cargo are larger in terms of magnitude than those of air cargo on the regional economy, the former effects are less robust when subsamples are included in the models. The benefits of air cargo growth for local economic growth are less dependent on the sizes, locations, and characteristics of cities. In accordance with the endogenous and exogenous growth theory, air cargo development policies need to be more favorable to regions with faster growth in secondary industry employment, as well as regions that are in urgent need of developing import and export trade. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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16 pages, 297 KiB  
Article
Borrowing Power from Potential Entrants and High-Speed Rail: Entry Pattern of China’s Low-Cost Carrier
by Xiaowei Tang, Siyu Ren, Xinyao Ma and Kurt Fuellhart
Sustainability 2022, 14(10), 6294; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14106294 - 21 May 2022
Viewed by 1404
Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of market structure and high-speed rail on China’s low-cost carrier Spring Airlines’ entry patterns during the pre-pandemic period. Dividing the air transport system into discrete distance segments (i.e., short-, medium- and long-haul) helps better reveal critical factors that [...] Read more.
This paper investigates the impact of market structure and high-speed rail on China’s low-cost carrier Spring Airlines’ entry patterns during the pre-pandemic period. Dividing the air transport system into discrete distance segments (i.e., short-, medium- and long-haul) helps better reveal critical factors that affect the route entry of Spring. Given the existence of market power in China’s airline industry and the capacity constraints at major airports, Spring strives to enter routes that can accommodate more potential entrants without a strong response from incumbents and are connected with more concentrated or lower-capacity airports. The complementary and competition effects of high-speed rail are well-distinguished in different distance ranges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
15 pages, 631 KiB  
Article
The Influence of CSR on Airline Loyalty through the Mediations of Passenger Satisfaction, Airline Brand, and Airline Trust: Korean Market Focused
by Sukhoon Chung, Jin-Woo Park and Sangryeong Lee
Sustainability 2022, 14(8), 4548; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14084548 - 11 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3454
Abstract
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a significant factor in determining business sustainability. This trend is particularly evident in the airline industry, as airlines endeavor to navigate highly competitive market circumstances. CSR activities constitute a significant duty as one of the survival strategies [...] Read more.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become a significant factor in determining business sustainability. This trend is particularly evident in the airline industry, as airlines endeavor to navigate highly competitive market circumstances. CSR activities constitute a significant duty as one of the survival strategies and to sustain their business based on the customer loyalty in the airline industry in Korea. The purpose of this research was to explore the influence of CSR on airline loyalty through meaningful mediators within the airline industry in order to elicit important insights and provide relevant conclusions for airline experts to apply toward business sustainability. This study employed three factors—passenger satisfaction, airline brand, and airline trust—as key mediators between CSR and airline loyalty. An online survey was carried out through private SNS channels targeting airline service users, and 312 completed surveys were collected. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) enabled the study to determine that CSR activities among airlines significantly impact passenger satisfaction, airline brand, and airline trust. Moreover, passenger satisfaction and airline trust have a notable influence on airline loyalty. Limitations and implications for both academia and management are also presented based on the results of this research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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22 pages, 2950 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Performance of International Airports in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Era: Evidence from Incheon International Airport
by Mehdi Shamohammadi, Yonghwa Park, Jong Hae Choi and Oh Kyoung Kwon
Sustainability 2022, 14(7), 4222; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14074222 - 01 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3109
Abstract
Considering the socio-economic importance of Incheon International Airport, this study explored the changes in its aeronautical and non-aeronautical efficiency between 2001 and 2021. The study was conducted to measure and observe the changes in efficiency during the pre- and post-pandemic era of COVID-19. [...] Read more.
Considering the socio-economic importance of Incheon International Airport, this study explored the changes in its aeronautical and non-aeronautical efficiency between 2001 and 2021. The study was conducted to measure and observe the changes in efficiency during the pre- and post-pandemic era of COVID-19. We employed a two-stage analytical approach to obtain the results using a set of desirable and undesirable variables. For the first stage, we employed a novel network data envelopment analysis–window analysis model to find the efficiency measures; for the second stage, we applied the Tobit regression analysis to observe the impact of some control variables on efficiency levels. The empirical results from the efficiency analysis stage revealed that, although the pandemic negatively affected the efficiency of this airport, the gain from appropriate strategies mitigated the excessive efficiency decline. Moreover, aeronautical activities showed better efficiency than non-aeronautical activities during the study period. In addition, further investigation of the second-stage analysis implied that an outbreak of pandemic diseases such as COVID-19 would dramatically impact international hubs such as Incheon International Airport; however, focusing on the import and export activities, in addition to increasing the connectivity with other airports, would improve the efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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19 pages, 7895 KiB  
Article
The Case of South Korean Airlines-Within-Airlines Model: Helping Full-Service Carriers Challenge Low-Cost Carriers
by Nokhaiz Tariq Khan, Javed Aslam, Ateeq Abdul Rauf and Yun Bae Kim
Sustainability 2022, 14(6), 3468; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14063468 - 16 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2984
Abstract
The South Korean aviation market has grown rapidly since the emergence of Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs), and in response to this emergence, the two Full-Service Carriers (FSCs) of South Korea adopted the airline-within-airline (AWA) model and introduced their LCCs to compete with independent LCCs [...] Read more.
The South Korean aviation market has grown rapidly since the emergence of Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs), and in response to this emergence, the two Full-Service Carriers (FSCs) of South Korea adopted the airline-within-airline (AWA) model and introduced their LCCs to compete with independent LCCs (ILCCs). A few years back, ILCCs filed a petition against Asiana Airlines, one of the two FSCs in South Korea, as Asiana Air was launching another subsidiary on the model of AWA. This, interestingly, indicates that AWA are doing well in the South Korean aviation market. However, a detailed study is required to evaluate the performance of this model, as in the global market the success of AWA is blurred. This study attempts to shed light on the performance of South Korean AWA, which may provide fruitful insights considering the post-COVID-19 dynamics of the aviation market. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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16 pages, 564 KiB  
Article
The Effects of the In-Flight Safety Information Characteristics on the Safety Behavioral Intention of Airline Passengers
by Hayoung Kim and Namryoung Lee
Sustainability 2022, 14(5), 2819; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14052819 - 28 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3109
Abstract
This research aims to explore the effects that In-flight Safety Information Characteristics of airlines have on attitude, customer satisfaction, customer trust, and safety behavioral intentions. A total of 477 passengers with air travel experience were surveyed and responses were analyzed using a structural [...] Read more.
This research aims to explore the effects that In-flight Safety Information Characteristics of airlines have on attitude, customer satisfaction, customer trust, and safety behavioral intentions. A total of 477 passengers with air travel experience were surveyed and responses were analyzed using a structural equation model. Among four in-flight safety information characteristics, reliability, informative, utility turned out to have positive effects on attitude, interactivity are not significant antecedents of attitude. In turn, Attitude had a positive effect on customer satisfaction, customer trust, and safety behavioral intentions. It is believed that this research can serve as a starting point for future studies on the diverse servicescapes of airport facilities. It is believed that this research can serve as an important basic data and strategy for securing passenger safety and efficient measures for airlines’ in-flight safety information operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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17 pages, 498 KiB  
Article
An Exploratory Research on Blockchain in Aviation: The Case of Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) Organizations
by Marina Efthymiou, Katie McCarthy, Chris Markou and John F. O’Connell
Sustainability 2022, 14(5), 2643; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14052643 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 7383
Abstract
The aircraft maintenance sector has high complexity with many intermediaries, multiple actors sharing data and needs to ensure high data security. The implementation of Blockchain technology can significantly contribute to the aforementioned characteristics. This research explores the implementation of Blockchain technology in Maintenance, [...] Read more.
The aircraft maintenance sector has high complexity with many intermediaries, multiple actors sharing data and needs to ensure high data security. The implementation of Blockchain technology can significantly contribute to the aforementioned characteristics. This research explores the implementation of Blockchain technology in Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO). For this research, a mixed-method approach was followed to obtain a holistic view of the adoption of Blockchain technology in an aircraft maintenance facility. Semi-structured interviews and a case study were used. The interview findings related to the current status of maintenance records management. The findings also highlighted the value of data storage within MRO’s and the benefits of Blockchain. The paper also discusses the readiness/willingness of aircraft maintenance facilities to implement Blockchain and the barriers to implementation. Recommendations and areas for further research are identified. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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20 pages, 525 KiB  
Article
How to Achieve Passenger Satisfaction in the Airport? Findings from Regression Analysis and Necessary Condition Analysis Approaches through Online Airport Reviews
by Mahmut Bakır, Şahap Akan, Emircan Özdemir, Phi-Hung Nguyen, Jung-Fa Tsai and Hong-Anh Pham
Sustainability 2022, 14(4), 2151; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14042151 - 14 Feb 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6157
Abstract
Delivering high-quality service to passengers can be critical for an airport’s survival, competitiveness, profitability, and long-term growth in a highly competitive environment. The present study aims to examine the relationship between airport service attributes and passenger satisfaction. To this end, we conducted multi-method [...] Read more.
Delivering high-quality service to passengers can be critical for an airport’s survival, competitiveness, profitability, and long-term growth in a highly competitive environment. The present study aims to examine the relationship between airport service attributes and passenger satisfaction. To this end, we conducted multi-method research consisting of symmetric (multiple regression analysis—MRA) and asymmetric (necessary condition analysis—NCA) approaches. The research data consists of 1463 valid online reviews (n = 1463) of the top 50 busiest airports in Europe retrieved from Skytrax. The MRA was employed to examine the net effect of the eight airport service attributes on passenger satisfaction, while the NCA was used to explore the necessary conditions and level of necessity to achieve passenger satisfaction. Using MRA, the findings reveal that airport staff is the most influential predictor of passenger satisfaction, whereas airport shopping and airport Wi-Fi connectivity do not have a significant effect on passenger satisfaction. Moreover, the NCA results found that six of the eight conditions are necessary to achieve passenger satisfaction at the airport. To complement and comprehend the findings, this study also sheds light on the antecedents underlying airport passenger satisfaction in the post-COVID-19 era using NCA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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16 pages, 1371 KiB  
Article
Factors Affecting the Rate of Fuel Consumption in Aircrafts
by Thowayeb H. Hassan, Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih and Amany E. Salem
Sustainability 2021, 13(14), 8066; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13148066 - 20 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 7661
Abstract
The cost of fuel and its availability are among the most major concerns for aircrafts and the aviation industry overall. Environmental difficulties with chemical pollutant emissions emitted by aviation machines are also connected to fuel consumption. As a result, it is crucial to [...] Read more.
The cost of fuel and its availability are among the most major concerns for aircrafts and the aviation industry overall. Environmental difficulties with chemical pollutant emissions emitted by aviation machines are also connected to fuel consumption. As a result, it is crucial to examine factors that affect the overall fuel usage and consumption in the airport-based aviation industry. Several variables were investigated related to the total fuel consumed, such as dry operating weight (DOW) (KG), zero-fuel weight (ZFW), take-off weight (TOW), air distance (AIR DIST) (KM), and ground distance (GDN DIST). Analysis of the correlation between total fuel consumed as well as the extra fuel and selected variables was conducted. The results showed that the most positively associated factors with the total used fuel were the air distance (r2 = 0.86, p < 0.01), ground distance (r2 = 0.78, p < 0.01), TOW (r2 = 0.68, p < 0.01), and flight time (r2 = 0.68, p < 0.01). There was also a strong positive association between the average fuel flow (FF) and actual TOW (r2 = 0.74, p < 0.01) as well as ZFW (r2 = 0.61, p < 0.01). The generalized linear model (GLM) was utilized to assess the predictions of total energy usage after evaluating important outliers, stability of the homogeneity of variance, and the normalization of the parameter estimation. The results of multiple linear regression revealed that the most significant predictors of the total consumed fuel were the actual ZFW (p < 0.01), actual TOW (p < 0.01), and actual average FF (p < 0.05). The results interestingly confirmed that wind speed has some consequences and effects on arrival fuel usage. The result reflects that thermal and hydrodynamic economies impact on the flying fuel economy. The research has various implications for both scholars and practitioners of aviation industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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13 pages, 1775 KiB  
Article
A Study on the Perception Change of Passengers on Sustainable Air Transport Following COVID-19 Progress
by Ki-Han Song and Solsaem Choi
Sustainability 2021, 13(14), 8056; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13148056 - 19 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2512
Abstract
We investigate whether air transport passengers changed their perceptions on the resumption of air transport use as the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have changed. We surveyed 1200 Koreans, and then six months later re-surveyed 840 people among those who participated in the [...] Read more.
We investigate whether air transport passengers changed their perceptions on the resumption of air transport use as the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have changed. We surveyed 1200 Koreans, and then six months later re-surveyed 840 people among those who participated in the first survey. We built a structural equation model that was configured of five latent variables: COVID-19-related, self-isolation, destination condition, level of preventive measures in the airport/aircraft, and social perception. We performed paired sample t-test, multi-group analysis, and latent mean analysis for two divided groups, based on the survey period. We found that the perception structure on resuming air transportation use over time during the COVID-19 pandemic has not changed, though a significant change has occurred in the responses to the measured and latent variables. In particular, a high variation was found in the awareness of COVID-19-related factors and social perceptions, and we suggest continuous monitoring of the related factors to preemptively respond to the recovery of air transport demand. On the other hand, we propose proactive level setting and the maintaining of sanitary conditions of the destination and preventive measures in the airport/aircraft. We expect that this study will provide effective implications for the recovery of air transport demand during the COVID-19 pandemic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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21 pages, 2021 KiB  
Article
Predicting Airline Customer Loyalty by Integrating Structural Equation Modeling and Bayesian Networks
by Kattreeya Chanpariyavatevong, Warit Wipulanusat, Thanapong Champahom, Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao, Dissakoon Chonsalasin and Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha
Sustainability 2021, 13(13), 7046; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13137046 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5013
Abstract
The aviation industry has grown rapidly worldwide and is struggling against intense competition. Especially in Thailand, the compound annual growth rate of passengers traveling by air has increased continuously over the past decade. Unfortunately, during the past two years, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic [...] Read more.
The aviation industry has grown rapidly worldwide and is struggling against intense competition. Especially in Thailand, the compound annual growth rate of passengers traveling by air has increased continuously over the past decade. Unfortunately, during the past two years, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe economic crises for nearly all businesses and industries, including the aviation industry and especially for passenger airlines whose number of customers has decreased astoundingly due to travel restriction. To maintain business stability, therefore, airlines must build customer loyalty to survive in times of crisis. This study thus examines critical factors’ impact on airline loyalty by using a Bayesian network (BN) derived from a structural equation modeling (SEM). The study integrates the SEM and BN to refine causal relationships between critical factors, identified as critical pathways. Findings reveal that customer satisfaction and customer trust, followed by perceived value, dramatically influence customer loyalty and so are considered priorities for building airlines’ customer loyalty. This study also recommends practical strategies and policies to improve customer loyalty amid the competitive airline business during and after the COVID-19 era. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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13 pages, 678 KiB  
Article
Research into Individual Factors Affecting Safety within Airport Subsidiaries
by Jin-Hwan Bae and Jin-Woo Park
Sustainability 2021, 13(9), 5219; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13095219 - 07 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2072
Abstract
This study’s purpose is to demonstrate that, from the point of view of employees in subsidiary companies, individual factors, notably attitude towards risk, cognitive bias, knowledge and experience, and risk perception, have generated unsafe behavior and unsafe conditions and have undermined safety performance [...] Read more.
This study’s purpose is to demonstrate that, from the point of view of employees in subsidiary companies, individual factors, notably attitude towards risk, cognitive bias, knowledge and experience, and risk perception, have generated unsafe behavior and unsafe conditions and have undermined safety performance through risk tolerance. The data underpinning this research were derived from a survey of employees working in subsidiary companies within the vicinity of Incheon International Airport. In total, 409 questionnaires were analyzed using network structural equation modeling (SEM), a methodology representing, estimating, and testing relationships. This analysis has demonstrated within the bounds of statistical significance (a) that the attitudes towards risk, knowledge and experience, and cognitive bias affect risk tolerance and (b) that risk tolerance influences unsafe behavior, unsafe conditions, and safety performance. This research is the first to apply the accident causal model to the airport industry, and its conclusions can be used for accident prevention within Incheon International Airport’s subsidiaries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aviation Management and Air Transport Industry II)
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