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Energy System Sustainability

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2021) | Viewed by 10603

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
CENSE – Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, NOVA School for Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: climate change mitigation and adaptation; energy systems modeling; low carbon technologies, energy–climate policy; sustainable development; energy economics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sustainable energy systems are crucial for the development and prosperity of future societies. Fossil fuels still comprise 80 per cent of current global primary energy (IEA, 2019), and the global energy system (from supply to demand) is responsible for around two thirds of global greenhouse emissions (IPCC, 2014). Major and urgent transformations in the energy system are required to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions towards carbon-neutrality and limit global warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels – a key target of the Paris Climate Agreement. Energy, is also a central driver for economic and social development, and thus all the required changes in the energy system must guarantee the access to affordable, reliable, and clean energy for a continuous increasing population Energy technologies, at a different extent, demand capital, influence prices, generate jobs, consume natural resources, occupy land and emit pollutants, beyond greenhouse gases. Distinct energy system configurations may affect differently, economic growth, human health, biodiversity, environmental quality, and equitable sustainable development. A comprehensive integration of these aspects within energy system planning is crucial towards the compliance of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and the achievement of a just and sustainable energy system.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of original studies and reviews that addresses the analysis, methods or tools used to support an integrated understanding of energy system sustainability and its necessary technological and structural transformations.

Topics we aim to cover include: modelling tools and assessments for energy system transformation towards sustainability, the interlinkages between energy and other SDGs in energy system planning, innovative and sustainable solutions for energy systems, environmental, social and economic impact assessment of energy system development, energy efficiency, low-carbon technologies, renewable energy, energy justice and resources consumption in energy system transformation, policy assessment to support the development of a future sustainable energy system.

Dr. Patrícia Fortes
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy system modeling
  • sustainable development goals (SDGs)
  • climate change mitigation
  • energy system transformation
  • integrated energy system planning
  • low-carbon technologies
  • renewable energy
  • energy efficiency
  • energy justice
  • energy–climate policy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 4159 KiB  
Article
Historical Variation of IEA Energy and CO2 Emission Projections: Implications for Future Energy Modeling
by Luís M. Fazendeiro and Sofia G. Simões
Sustainability 2021, 13(13), 7432; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13137432 - 02 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2368
Abstract
The World Energy Outlook reports produced by the International Energy Agency have long been considered the “gold standard” in terms of energy modeling and projecting future trends. It is thus extremely important to assess how well its projections are aligned with sustainable development [...] Read more.
The World Energy Outlook reports produced by the International Energy Agency have long been considered the “gold standard” in terms of energy modeling and projecting future trends. It is thus extremely important to assess how well its projections are aligned with sustainable development goals as well as closely tracking observed, historical values. In this work we analyzed thirteen sets of World Energy Outlook projections from the last 25 years. Different scenarios were considered for the following regions and countries: world, OECD, OECD Europe, OECD North America, China, India, Russia, and Africa. The maximum variation between the projections for 2030 CO2 emissions from the energy sector, made between 2006 and 2018 for OECD, Europe and North America were found to be comparable with the gap between the Paris Agreement goals and the voluntary (unconditional) nationally determined contributions to remain below a 2 °C global temperature increase. For the same period, projections for the percentage of renewable electricity exhibited maximum variations between 51% and 96%, signaling a huge underestimation. We discuss the significance of overestimating energy demand and underestimating the rate of renewable energy implementation in the context of 2030 climate and energy policy targets, as well as desirable methodological changes to energy modeling under aggressive climate mitigation policies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy System Sustainability)
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21 pages, 20909 KiB  
Article
Photovoltaic and Thermoelectric Generator Combined Hybrid Energy System with an Enhanced Maximum Power Point Tracking Technique for Higher Energy Conversion Efficiency
by Kanagaraj N
Sustainability 2021, 13(6), 3144; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13063144 - 12 Mar 2021
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 3127
Abstract
In this paper, the design and performance investigation of the hybrid photovoltaic–thermoelectric generator (PV–TEG) system with an enhanced fractional order fuzzy logic controller (FOFLC)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is presented. A control strategy of the variable incremental conduction (INC) method is [...] Read more.
In this paper, the design and performance investigation of the hybrid photovoltaic–thermoelectric generator (PV–TEG) system with an enhanced fractional order fuzzy logic controller (FOFLC)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is presented. A control strategy of the variable incremental conduction (INC) method is employed using FOFLC for the MPPT control technique to efficiently harvest the maximum power from the PV module. The fractional factor α used in the MPPT control algorithm is a supporting fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for the accurate tracking of the maximum power point (MPP) and to maintain the constant output after reaching the MPP. In the proposed system configuration, the TEG is mounted with the PV panel for generating the extra electrical power using the waste heat energy produced on the PV panel due to the incident solar irradiation. The PV and TEG are connected electrically in series to increase output voltage level and thereby improve the power output. The hybrid energy module has better energy conversion efficiency when compared to the standalone PV array. The performance of the proposed MPPT technique is studied for the PV–TEG hybrid energy module under various thermal and electrical operating conditions using a MATLAB software-based simulation. The results of the FOFLC-based MPPT technique are compared with the conventional perturb and observe (P&O) and FLC-based P&O methods. The proposed MPPT technique confirms its effectiveness in extracting the maximum power in terms of speed and accuracy. Moreover, the PV and TEG combined system provides higher energy efficiency than the individual PV module. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy System Sustainability)
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14 pages, 280 KiB  
Article
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Legal Framework in the United States, Germany, and South Korea—A Model for a Regulation in Malaysia
by Muhammad Asyraf Azni and Rasyikah Md Khalid
Sustainability 2021, 13(4), 2214; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13042214 - 19 Feb 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4158
Abstract
As a party to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Malaysia is committed to reduce its greenhouse gases (GHG) emission intensity of gross domestic product (GDP) by 45% by 2030 relative to the emission intensity of GDP in 2005. One [...] Read more.
As a party to the United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Malaysia is committed to reduce its greenhouse gases (GHG) emission intensity of gross domestic product (GDP) by 45% by 2030 relative to the emission intensity of GDP in 2005. One of the ways for Malaysia to reduce its GHG emission is to diversify its energy mix and to include hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) in its energy mix. Since Malaysia does not have any legal framework for HFCs, it is best to see how other countries are doing and how can it be replicated in Malaysia. This paper reviews the HFC legal framework in the United States, Germany and South Korea as these countries are among those that have advanced themselves in this technology. The researchers conducted a library-based research and obtained the related materials from online databases and public domain. Based on the reviews, the researchers find that these countries have a proper legal framework in place for HFC. With these legal frameworks, funds will be available to support research and development, as well as demonstration of HFC. Thus, it is recommended that Malaysia to have a proper HFC legal framework in place in order to support the development of the HFC industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy System Sustainability)
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