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Technologies
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3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications
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3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications

A special issue of Technologies (ISSN 2227-7080). This special issue belongs to the section "Innovations in Materials Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 42422

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jeng-Ywan Jeng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan
Interests: high-speed additive manufacturing; design for additive manufacturing; multi-material additive manufacturing; metamaterials; functional materials; lattice tessellations; laser materials processing; liquid crystal display 3D printing; fast maskless lithography systems; functional resin development; core–shell powder manufacturing; biomaterials; metal additive manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ajeet Kumar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
High Speed 3D Printing Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
Interests: additive manufacturing; digital manufacturing; laser material processing; cellular lattice structure; design for additive manufacturing (DfAM)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is expected to bring a new revolution in the design and fabrication of products and there has been increasingly rapid research in the area of processes, materials and technology for the high-speed printing and reliability of additive manufactured parts. The concept of high speed in product realization started with rapid prototyping for concept and design evolution in short time and advanced in to 3D printing. The term 3D printing is more often used by makers and hobbyists for fabricating the idea. More advancement in 3D printing technologies has brought many industries to additive manufacturing for end part production. In the era of Industry 4.0, additive manufacturing has provided fresh opportunities to rethink design for not only customization and personalization but also to improve the efficiency and functionality of end products. Today, additive manufacturing technology faces many challenges before being fully adapted by various industries for end part production. Some of the major challenges are slow speed of fabrication, limited material, post processing and innovation in the adaptability of AM.

This Special Issue is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners to share their latest idea and research on new additive manufacturing technology, high speed additive manufacturing, the application of additive manufacturing, design for additive manufacturing, new material, and innovation in product design.

It is our pleasure to invite full length papers with original research, review papers and communications for this Special Issue on 3D printing and additive manufacturing, principles and challenges.

Prof. Dr. Jeng-Ywan Jeng
Dr. Ajeet Kumar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Technologies is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • design for additive manufacturing
  • high speed additive manufacturing
  • new AM technology and AM material (e.g., 4D printing)
  • cellular lattice structure, topology optimization
  • multimaterial printing
  • integrating AM for digital manufacturing
  • postprocessing of AM parts
  • medical, industrial and architecture application

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 290 KiB  
Article
Smart Additive Manufacturing: The Path to the Digital Value Chain
by Nuno Araújo, Vânia Pacheco and Leonardo Costa
Technologies 2021, 9(4), 88; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/technologies9040088 - 17 Nov 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4600
Abstract
The aim of this article is to characterize the impacts of Smart Additive Manufacturing (SAM) on industrial production, digital supply chains (DSCs) and corresponding digital value chains (DVCs), logistics and inventory management. The method used consists of a critical review of the literature, [...] Read more.
The aim of this article is to characterize the impacts of Smart Additive Manufacturing (SAM) on industrial production, digital supply chains (DSCs) and corresponding digital value chains (DVCs), logistics and inventory management. The method used consists of a critical review of the literature, enriched by the authors’ field experience. The results show that digital transformation of manufacturing is affecting business models, from resource acquisition to the end user. Smart manufacturing is considered a successful improvement introduced by Industry 4.0. Additive Manufacturing (AM) plays a crucial role in this digital transformation, changing the way manufacturers think about the entire lifecycle of a product. SAM combines AM in a smart factory environment. SAM reduces the complexity of DSCs and contributes to a more flexible approach to logistics and inventory management. It has also spurred the growth and popularization of customized mass production as well as decentralized manufacturing, rapid prototyping, unprecedented flexibility in product design, production and delivery, and resource efficiency and sustainability. SAM technology impacts all five Fletcher’s stages in DVCs. However, the need for clear definitions and regulations on 3D printing of digital files and their reproduction, as well as product health, safety, and integrity issues, cannot be ignored. Furthermore, investment in this technology is still expensive and can be prohibitive for many companies, namely SMEs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications)
13 pages, 3715 KiB  
Article
Shape-Memory Properties of 3D Printed Cubes from Diverse PLA Materials with Different Post-Treatments
by Guido Ehrmann, Bennet Brockhagen and Andrea Ehrmann
Technologies 2021, 9(4), 71; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/technologies9040071 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1974
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) belongs to the 3D printable materials which show shape-memory properties, i.e., which can recover their original shape after a deformation if they are heated above the glass transition temperature. This makes PLA quite an interesting material for diverse applications, such [...] Read more.
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) belongs to the 3D printable materials which show shape-memory properties, i.e., which can recover their original shape after a deformation if they are heated above the glass transition temperature. This makes PLA quite an interesting material for diverse applications, such as bumpers, safety equipment for sports, etc. After investigating the influence of the infill design and degree, as well as the pressure orientation on the recovery properties of 3D printed PLA cubes in previous studies, here we report on differences between different PLA materials as well as on the impact of post-treatments after 3D printing by solvents or by heat. Our results show not only large differences between materials from different producers, but also a material-dependent impact of the post treatments. Generally, it is possible to tailor the mechanical and recovery properties of 3D printed PLA parts by choosing the proper material in combination with a chemical or temperature post-treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications)
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Review

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31 pages, 7448 KiB  
Review
Material Design for Enhancing Properties of 3D Printed Polymer Composites for Target Applications
by Vinita V. Shinde, Yuyang Wang, Md Fahim Salek, Maria L. Auad, Lauren E. Beckingham and Bryan S. Beckingham
Technologies 2022, 10(2), 45; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/technologies10020045 - 23 Mar 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4980
Abstract
Polymer composites are becoming an important class of materials for a diversified range of industrial applications due to their unique characteristics and natural and synthetic reinforcements. Traditional methods of polymer composite fabrication require machining, manual labor, and increased costs. Therefore, 3D printing technologies [...] Read more.
Polymer composites are becoming an important class of materials for a diversified range of industrial applications due to their unique characteristics and natural and synthetic reinforcements. Traditional methods of polymer composite fabrication require machining, manual labor, and increased costs. Therefore, 3D printing technologies have come to the forefront of scientific, industrial, and public attention for customized manufacturing of composite parts having a high degree of control over design, processing parameters, and time. However, poor interfacial adhesion between 3D printed layers can lead to material failure, and therefore, researchers are trying to improve material functionality and extend material lifetime with the addition of reinforcements and self-healing capability. This review provides insights on different materials used for 3D printing of polymer composites to enhance mechanical properties and improve service life of polymer materials. Moreover, 3D printing of flexible energy-storage devices (FESD), including batteries, supercapacitors, and soft robotics using soft materials (polymers), is discussed as well as the application of 3D printing as a platform for bioengineering and earth science applications by using a variety of polymer materials, all of which have great potential for improving future conditions for humanity and planet Earth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications)
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15 pages, 292 KiB  
Review
Thermoplastics and Photopolymer Desktop 3D Printing System Selection Criteria Based on Technical Specifications and Performances for Instructional Applications
by Bruce W. Jo and Christina Soyoung Song
Technologies 2021, 9(4), 91; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/technologies9040091 - 23 Nov 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3545
Abstract
With the advancement of additive manufacturing technologies in their material processing methodologies and variety of material selection, 3D printers are widely used in both academics and industries for various applications. It is no longer rare to have a portable and small desktop 3D [...] Read more.
With the advancement of additive manufacturing technologies in their material processing methodologies and variety of material selection, 3D printers are widely used in both academics and industries for various applications. It is no longer rare to have a portable and small desktop 3D printer and manufacture your own designs in a few hours. Desktop 3D printers vary in their functions, prices, materials used, and applications. Among many desktop 3D printers with various features, it is often challenging to select the best one for target applications and usages. In this paper, commercially available and carefully selected thermoplastic and photopolymer desktop 3D printers are introduced, and some representative models’ specifications and performances are compared with each other for user selection with respect to instructional applications. This paper aims to provide beginner-level or advanced-level end-users of desktop 3D printers with basic knowledge, selection criteria, a comprehensive overview of 3D printing technologies, and their technical features, helping them to evaluate and select the right 3D printers for a wide range of applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications)
26 pages, 2169 KiB  
Review
3D Printing Polymeric Materials for Robots with Embedded Systems
by Ray Noel Medina Delda, Rex Balisalisa Basuel, Rodel Peralta Hacla, Dan William Carpiano Martinez, John-John Cabibihan and John Ryan Cortez Dizon
Technologies 2021, 9(4), 82; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/technologies9040082 - 02 Nov 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 6614
Abstract
The fabrication of robots and their embedded systems is challenging due to the complexity of the interacting components. The integration of additive manufacturing (AM) to robotics has made advancements in robotics manufacturing through sophisticated and state-of-the-art AM technologies and materials. With the emergence [...] Read more.
The fabrication of robots and their embedded systems is challenging due to the complexity of the interacting components. The integration of additive manufacturing (AM) to robotics has made advancements in robotics manufacturing through sophisticated and state-of-the-art AM technologies and materials. With the emergence of 3D printing, 3D printing materials are also being considered and engineered for specific applications. This study reviews different 3D printing materials for 3D printing embedded robotics. Materials such as polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), flexible photopolymers, silicone, and elastomer-based materials were found to be the most used 3D printing materials due to their suitability for robotic applications. This review paper revealed that the key areas requiring more research are material formulations for improved mechanical properties, cost, and the inclusion of materials for specific applications. Future perspectives are also provided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications)
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37 pages, 5562 KiB  
Review
Post-Processing of 3D-Printed Polymers
by John Ryan C. Dizon, Ciara Catherine L. Gache, Honelly Mae S. Cascolan, Lina T. Cancino and Rigoberto C. Advincula
Technologies 2021, 9(3), 61; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/technologies9030061 - 25 Aug 2021
Cited by 84 | Viewed by 17450
Abstract
Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, is an advancement over traditional formative manufacturing methods. It can increase efficiency in manufacturing operations highlighting advantages such as rapid prototyping, reduction of waste, reduction of manufacturing time and cost, and increased flexibility in a production [...] Read more.
Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, is an advancement over traditional formative manufacturing methods. It can increase efficiency in manufacturing operations highlighting advantages such as rapid prototyping, reduction of waste, reduction of manufacturing time and cost, and increased flexibility in a production setting. The additive manufacturing (AM) process consists of five steps: (1) preparation of 3D models for printing (designing the part/object), (2) conversion to STL file, (3) slicing and setting of 3D printing parameters, (4) actual printing, and (5) finishing/post-processing methods. Very often, the 3D printed part is sufficient by itself without further post-printing processing. However, many applications still require some forms of post-processing, especially those for industrial applications. This review focuses on the importance of different finishing/post-processing methods for 3D-printed polymers. Different 3D printing technologies and materials are considered in presenting the authors’ perspective. The advantages and disadvantages of using these methods are also discussed together with the cost and time in doing the post-processing activities. Lastly, this review also includes discussions on the enhancement of properties such as electrical, mechanical, and chemical, and other characteristics such as geometrical precision, durability, surface properties, and aesthetic value with post-printing processing. Future perspectives is also provided towards the end of this review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications)
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