Dear Colleagues,

The astrophysics of cosmic rays offers a way to explore the universe from the solar system up to extragalactic distances in relation to the most extreme energetic cosmic phenomena, ranging from the remnants of supernova explosions, the generation of interstellar shocks up to jets of active galactic nuclei, gamma ray bursts, and primordial shocks. Advances in experimental techniques and technological developments have led to progress in their observation from space. The measurements of the spectra of cosmic ray species and their composition from balloon-borne and space-based experiments provide information about CR origin, acceleration processes, and propagation history. The observations of electromagnetic radiation from UV and X-rays to gamma rays directly point to the CR acceleration sites and provide the foundation for CR acceleration theories. Among the enlightening experiments in the astrophysics of CR are PAMELA, Fermi-LAT, AGILE, Chandra, AMS-02, CALET, DAMPE and ISS-CREAM. Unique information about the heliospace, the interaction of the interstellar and solar winds, and interstellar space is stably sent by Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft, which crossing paths outside of the solar system. The birth of gravitational wave astronomy and recent discoveries in UV and high-energy gamma rays with Swift and NuSTAR made space observations part of multi-messenger astronomy. The results achieved by space research to date have had a great impact on fundamental topics from particle physics to astronomy and cosmology.

With this Special Issue, we aim to provide an overview of the recent experimental and theoretical investigations into the astrophysics of cosmic rays coming from space experiments. We wish to invite both original and review papers, including experimental results, their analysis and interpretation, as well as technique descriptions and all contributions related to advances in this modern research area of space science.

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• astroparticle physics
• acceleration and ejection processes in galactic and extragalactic objects
• x-ray and high energy astronomy
• the remnants of supernova explosions
• origin of cosmic rays
• space-borne and balloon experiments
• detection techniques for space experiments