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Water
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Recent Advances in Green Water Systems and Digital Twin
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Recent Advances in Green Water Systems and Digital Twin

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water and One Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 2942

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Usman Safder

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Interests: water quality monitoring; WWTP design; optimization; water management; water-energy nexus; sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To address the growing water needs in metropolitan areas and direct wastewater and stormwater runoff away from water infiltration, engineered water infrastructure systems have been widely deployed since the industrial revolution and notably in the 20th century. Historically, these engineered infrastructures have been planned and developed as independent systems. There must be a paradigm change toward the deployment of sustainable and resilient water management systems to meet the challenges of global water management. Designing green water networks is one way to achieve this goal. This Special Issue focuses on cutting-edge research on the practical applications of wastewater treatment, water resources, and water reuse networks. It seeks to provide a platform to share cutting-edge findings and promote green technology for industrial and urban water networks. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Climate change, water quantity and uses;
  • AI and water management;
  • Optimization of drinking water systems;
  • Digitalization of water utilities;
  • Green technology for industrial wastewater;
  • Risk assessment and environmental regulations;
  • Upgrades of water supply and treatment system/technology;
  • Emergency response to the water crisis.

Dr. Usman Safder
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change and water resources
  • digitalization
  • green technology
  • AI
  • management
  • industrial wastewater
  • water reuse
  • treatment technologies
  • management of emerging contaminants

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 3008 KiB  
Article
Wastewater Treatment System Optimization for Sustainable Operation of the SHARON–Anammox Process under Varying Carbon/Nitrogen Loadings
by Paulina Vilela, Kijeon Nam and Changkyoo Yoo
Water 2023, 15(22), 4015; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w15224015 - 19 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1295
Abstract
Partial nitritation (PN) coupled with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process has improved ammonium removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The operation conditions of this process, i.e., the dissolved oxygen (DO) and the influent ammonium and nitrite concentrations, drive the process to an [...] Read more.
Partial nitritation (PN) coupled with the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process has improved ammonium removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The operation conditions of this process, i.e., the dissolved oxygen (DO) and the influent ammonium and nitrite concentrations, drive the process to an equilibrium to suppress nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and achieve a proper nitrite over ammonium (NO2/NH4) ratio. This study aimed to implement a set of control strategies in a WWTP model BSM2-SHAMX, combining PN in a single reactor system for high-activity ammonia removal over nitrite (SHARON) to an Anammox reactor, using proportional–integrative–derivative (PID) control and model predictive control (MPC) in a cascade. For correct coupling, the PN should maintain an output NO2/NH4 ratio between 1 and 1.3, suitable for the Anammox process. In the cascade controller feedback loop, the primary control loop controls the NO2/NH4 ratio through the DO concentration from the secondary control loop, which guarantees better effluent nitrogen removal. The performance of the plant was assessed by evaluating the control strategies with different influent carbon/nitrogen (C/N) loadings. The study results showed that the MPC controllers provided better results, with an improvement of 36% in the operational cost compared to the base case with a cost around 26,000 EUR/d, and better nitrogen removal surpassing 90% removal, 10% more than the base case. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Green Water Systems and Digital Twin)
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18 pages, 7128 KiB  
Article
Evaluating Main Canal and Barrage Performance in Pakistan through Water Security Metrics
by Dileep Kumar, Usman Safder, Waqas Ahmed Pathan and Kamran Ansari
Water 2023, 15(21), 3712; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w15213712 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1206
Abstract
The present study provides an in-depth investigation into water security using socio-hydrological analysis by investigating the relationship between irrigation entitlements and actual water delivery. Conjoint analysis is used to evaluate the reliability and equity of the system by applying quantitative definitions and metrics. [...] Read more.
The present study provides an in-depth investigation into water security using socio-hydrological analysis by investigating the relationship between irrigation entitlements and actual water delivery. Conjoint analysis is used to evaluate the reliability and equity of the system by applying quantitative definitions and metrics. This study examines 10 years of daily average canal flow data collected from the Sindh canal command regions of the Lower Indus Basin Irrigation System in Pakistan. This research was carried out at both the canal and the barrage network levels, with socio-hydrological metrics being used across both temporal and spatial scales. Furthermore, an in-depth study of the LIB system’s fourteen main canals operating across three barrages was carried out. This research focuses on the transition from historical volumetric allocations to the objective of enhancing irrigation efficiency and agricultural yields in order to provide improved water and food security. The investigation underscores the enduring presence of stagnation and volatility in the overall equity and reliability of the system. The analysis reveals that the median reliability of the canals in Sindh was 47–100% in the summer and 65–85% in the winter season. Additionally, the irrigation system equity was worse in the winter and summer, at around 55–75%. This research examines the possibilities of using a socio-hydrological strategy to effectively improve the performance of canal irrigation systems and promote water security. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Green Water Systems and Digital Twin)
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