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Study of Lake Primary Producers and Water Quality Using Remote...
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Study of Lake Primary Producers and Water Quality Using Remote Sensing Techniques

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "New Sensors, New Technologies and Machine Learning in Water Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 14050

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Monica Pinardi

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
National Research Council - Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (CNR-IREA), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: remote sensing; water quality, monitoring and management; phytoplankton; macrophyte; primary producers; chlorophyll-a; suspended matter; lake metabolism; shallow and deep lakes; inland waters
Dr. Mariano Bresciani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (CNR-IREA), National Research Council of Italy, Via Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: optical remote sensing; water quality and monitoring; cyanobacteria; macrophyte; shallow and deep lakes; calibration/validation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Viktor Tóth

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Balaton Limnological Institute of the Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kunó u. 3. 8237 Tihany, Hungary
Interests: ecophysiology of plants; macrophyte ecology; macrophyte phenology; vegetation remote sensing; interactions in the littoral zones; shallow lake ecosystem research
Dr. Igor Ogashawara

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz-Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, D-16775 Stechlin, Germany
Interests: bio-optical modeling; water quality; optical remote sensing; water quality sensors; fluorescence; climatology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Primary producers, both phytoplankton and macrophytes, play a key role in aquatic ecosystems in terms of ecosystem functioning and services. Lakes are characterized by complex interactions which cover multiple pathways linking biotic and abiotic factors, and are a challenge in water and aquatic vegetation management. To obtain synoptic understanding of the processes within the given lakes, Earth Observation (EO) is one of the best options the limnologists have. To date, EO techniques for lake monitoring and changes in aquatic environments have been largely applied to assess water quality and the composition, variability, and abundance of primary producers. Where such information is robust, it can guide the design of management strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of ecosystem alteration. However, there is still an urgent need for new cost-effective processing methods for water and vegetation monitoring enabling the selection of an optimal management plan for each lake. The European Union’s Copernicus Programme and the new generation of hyperspectral sensors (e.g., PRISMA, DESIS, FLEX) provide new opportunities for monitoring aquatic environments and guarantee the availability of high-quality data far into the future. Long-term satellite data allow new monitoring strategies to be developed.

The Special Issue welcomes articles dedicated to remote sensing applications for assessing water quality of lakes covering all aspects of primary production, phytoplankton abundance, harmful algal bloom (HAB), macrophyte composition, density and phenology, water monitoring, and protection and management in changing environments. Studies should rely on the integration between EO and in situ collected data.

Dr. Monica Pinardi
Dr. Mariano Bresciani
Dr. Viktor Tóth
Dr. Igor Ogashawara
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Remote sensing
  • Phytoplankton functional types
  • Cyanobacteria blooms
  • Fluorescence
  • Pigments
  • Macrophyte
  • Phenotypic variability
  • Phenology
  • Shallow lakes
  • Deep lakes
  • Water management

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2961 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Series of Chlorophyll-a Concentration in Brazilian Semiarid Lakes from Modis Imagery
by Dhalton Luiz Tosetto Ventura, Jean-Michel Martinez, José Luiz de Attayde, Eduardo Sávio Passos Rodrigues Martins, Nilva Brandini and Luciane Silva Moreira
Water 2022, 14(3), 400; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w14030400 - 28 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2478
Abstract
By monitoring the chlorophyll a concentration (chla), it is possible to keep track of the eutrophication status of a lake and to describe the temporal dynamics of the phytoplankton biomass. Such monitoring must be both extensive and intensive to account for the short- [...] Read more.
By monitoring the chlorophyll a concentration (chla), it is possible to keep track of the eutrophication status of a lake and to describe the temporal dynamics of the phytoplankton biomass. Such monitoring must be both extensive and intensive to account for the short- and long-term biomass variations. This may be achieved by the remote estimation of chla through an orbital sensor with high temporal resolution. In this study, we used MODIS imagery to produce 21-year time series of chla for three strategic lakes of the Brazilian semi-arid region: Eng. Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves, Castanhão, and Orós. We used data collected in 13 lakes of the region to test new and published regression models for chla estimation. The selected model was validated and applied to daily MODIS images for the three largest lakes. The resulting chla time series revealed that the temporal dynamics of the phytoplankton biomass is associated with the hydraulic regime of the lakes, with chla plummeting upon intense water renewal and keeping high during persistent dry periods. The intense rainy season of 2004 reduced the phytoplankton biomass and its effects even extended to the subsequent years. Our results encourage the exploration of the MODIS archived imagery in limnological studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Lake Primary Producers and Water Quality Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
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13 pages, 2467 KiB  
Article
Aquatic Vegetation Loss and Its Implication on Climate Regulation in a Protected Freshwater Wetland of Po River Delta Park (Italy)
by Mattias Gaglio, Mariano Bresciani, Nicola Ghirardi, Alexandra Nicoleta Muresan, Mattia Lanzoni, Fabio Vincenzi, Giuseppe Castaldelli and Elisa Anna Fano
Water 2022, 14(1), 117; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w14010117 - 05 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2504
Abstract
Aquatic vegetation loss caused substantial decrease of ecosystem processes and services during the last decades, particularly for the capacity of these ecosystems to sequester and store carbon from the atmosphere. This study investigated the extent of aquatic emergent vegetation loss for the period [...] Read more.
Aquatic vegetation loss caused substantial decrease of ecosystem processes and services during the last decades, particularly for the capacity of these ecosystems to sequester and store carbon from the atmosphere. This study investigated the extent of aquatic emergent vegetation loss for the period 1985–2018 and the consequent effects on carbon sequestration and storage capacity of Valle Santa wetland, a protected freshwater wetland dominated by Phragmites australis located in the Po river delta Park (Northern Italy), as a function of primary productivity and biomass decomposition, assessed by means of satellite images and experimental measures. The results showed an extended loss of aquatic vegetated habitats during the considered period, with 1989 being the year with higher productivity. The mean breakdown rates of P. australis were 0.00532 d−1 and 0.00228 d−1 for leaf and stem carbon content, respectively, leading to a predicted annual decomposition of 64.6% of the total biomass carbon. For 2018 the carbon sequestration capacity was estimated equal to 0.249 kg C m−2 yr−1, while the carbon storage of the whole wetland was 1.75 × 103 t C (0.70 kg C m−2). Nonetheless, despite the protection efforts over time, the vegetation loss occurred during the last decades significantly decreased carbon sequestration and storage by 51.6%, when comparing 2018 and 1989. No statistically significant effects were found for water descriptors. This study demonstrated that P. australis-dominated wetlands support important ecosystem processes and should be regarded as an important carbon sink under an ecosystem services perspective, with the aim to maximize their capacity to mitigate climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Lake Primary Producers and Water Quality Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
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16 pages, 1831 KiB  
Article
TIEOF: Algorithm for Recovery of Missing Multidimensional Satellite Data on Water Bodies Based on Higher-Order Tensor Decompositions
by Leonid Kulikov, Natalia Inkova, Daria Cherniuk, Anton Teslyuk and Zorigto Namsaraev
Water 2021, 13(18), 2578; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w13182578 - 18 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2317
Abstract
Satellite research methods are frequently used in observations of water bodies. One of the most important problems in satellite observations is the presence of missing data due to internal malfunction of satellite sensors and poor atmospheric conditions. We proceeded on the assumption that [...] Read more.
Satellite research methods are frequently used in observations of water bodies. One of the most important problems in satellite observations is the presence of missing data due to internal malfunction of satellite sensors and poor atmospheric conditions. We proceeded on the assumption that the use of data recovery methods based on spatial relationships in data can increase the recovery accuracy. In this paper, we present a method for missing data reconstruction from remote sensors. We refer our method to as Tensor Interpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions (TIEOF). The method relies on the two-dimensional nature of sensor images and organizes the data into three-dimensional tensors. We use high-order tensor decomposition to interpolate missing data on chlorophyll a concentration in lake Baikal (Russia, Siberia). Using MODIS and SeaWiFS satellite data of lake Baikal we show that the observed improvement of TIEOF was 69% on average compared to the current state-of-the-art DINEOF algorithm measured in various preprocessing data scenarios including thresholding and different interpolating schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Lake Primary Producers and Water Quality Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
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22 pages, 2259 KiB  
Article
Integration of In Situ and Remote Sensing Measurements for the Management of Harmful Cyanobacteria Blooms. A Lesson from a Strategic Multiple-Uses Reservoir (Lake Occhito, South Italy)
by Diego Copetti, Raffaella Matarrese, Mariano Bresciani and Licia Guzzella
Water 2021, 13(16), 2162; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w13162162 - 06 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacteria blooms (HCBs) are one of the main water quality threats affecting reservoirs. Guidelines suggest integrating laboratory, real-time in situ, and remote sensing data in the monitoring of HCBs. However, this approach is still little adopted in institutional measuring programs. We demonstrated [...] Read more.
Harmful cyanobacteria blooms (HCBs) are one of the main water quality threats affecting reservoirs. Guidelines suggest integrating laboratory, real-time in situ, and remote sensing data in the monitoring of HCBs. However, this approach is still little adopted in institutional measuring programs. We demonstrated that this integration improves frequency and spatial resolution of the data collection. Data were from an intense HCB (Planktothrix rubescens), which occurred in a south Italy multiple-uses reservoir (Lake Occhito) between 2008 and 2009 and regarded both the lake and the irrigation network. Laboratory and in situ fluorometric data were related to satellite imagery, using simple linear regression models, to produce surface lake-wide maps reporting the distribution of both P. rubescens and microcystins. In the first node of the distribution network, microcystin concentrations (4–10 µg L−1) reached values potentially able to damage the culture and to accumulate during cultivation. Nevertheless, our study shows a decrease in the microcystin content with the distance from the lake (0.05 µg L−1 km−1), with a reduction of about 80% of the microcystin concentrations at the furthest tanks. Recent improvements in the spatial resolution (i.e., tens of meters) of satellite imagery allow us to monitor the main tanks of large and complex irrigation systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Lake Primary Producers and Water Quality Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
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15 pages, 2026 KiB  
Article
Detecting Climate Driven Changes in Chlorophyll-a in Deep Subalpine Lakes Using Long Term Satellite Data
by Gary Free, Mariano Bresciani, Monica Pinardi, Nicola Ghirardi, Giulia Luciani, Rossana Caroni and Claudia Giardino
Water 2021, 13(6), 866; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/w13060866 - 23 Mar 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3909
Abstract
Climate change has increased the temperature and altered the mixing regime of high-value lakes in the subalpine region of Northern Italy. Remote sensing of chlorophyll-a can help provide a time series to allow an assessment of the ecological implications of this. Non-parametric multiplicative [...] Read more.
Climate change has increased the temperature and altered the mixing regime of high-value lakes in the subalpine region of Northern Italy. Remote sensing of chlorophyll-a can help provide a time series to allow an assessment of the ecological implications of this. Non-parametric multiplicative regression (NPMR) was used to visualize and understand the changes that have occurred between 2003–2018 in Lakes Garda, Como, Iseo, and Maggiore. In all four deep subalpine lakes, there has been a disruption from a traditional pattern of a significant spring chlorophyll-a peak followed by a clear water phase and summer/autumn peaks. This was replaced after 2010–2012, with lower spring peaks and a tendency for annual maxima to occur in summer. There was a tendency for this switch to be interspersed by a two-year period of low chlorophyll-a. Variables that were significant in NPMR included time, air temperature, total phosphorus, winter temperature, and winter values for the North Atlantic Oscillation. The change from spring to summer chlorophyll-a maxima, relatively sudden in an ecological context, could be interpreted as a regime shift. The cause was probably cascading effects from increased winter temperatures, reduced winter mixing, and altered nutrient dynamics. Future trends will depend on climate change and inter-decadal climate drivers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study of Lake Primary Producers and Water Quality Using Remote Sensing Techniques)
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