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Animals
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Fish and Shellfish Immunology
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Recent Advances in Fish and Shellfish Immunology

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 7469

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Francisco A. Guardiola

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Interests: fish and shellfish immunology; aquaculture nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Carlos Angulo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 195. Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur CP. 23096, La Paz, B.C.S., México
Interests: immunology; immunological cellular pathways; immunobiotechnology; probiotics; immunostimulants; vaccinology; oral vaccines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A Special Issue on the topic of “Fish and Shellfish Immunology” is being launched by the Animals journal. Fish and shellfish are in continuous contact with a wide variety of non-pathogenic and pathogenic microbes present in the aquatic environment, developing mechanisms to guarantee their survival. Therefore, the understanding of fish and shellfish immune system structure, function and response is essential for the development of new technologies to improve their productivity in the aquaculture industry.

This Special Issue aims to gather new research, advances and applied topics in the field of immunology of fish and shellfish with a relevant economic impact in the aquaculture sector. This compilation will be composed of, but is not limited to, issues relating to comparative, neuroendocrine, evolutive, and nutritional immunology, including immune-related molecules (e.g., complement, cytokines, interferons, antimicrobial peptides, immunoglobulins, etc.), pattern recognition receptors, immune cells, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs), host–pathogen interactions, vaccines, immune regulation, etc. Reviews, full-length articles, and short communications containing original research, applied technologies (including “omics” such as genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics), innovative methodologies and recent advances in fish and shellfish immunology, will be welcome.

Dr. Francisco A. Guardiola
Dr. Carlos Angulo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fish and shellfish immunology
  • innate immunology
  • adaptive immunology
  • mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues
  • host-pathogen interactions
  • vaccines

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1796 KiB  
Article
Immune Response to Natural and Experimental Infection of Panulirus argus Virus 1 (PaV1) in Juveniles of Caribbean Spiny Lobster
by Cristina Pascual, Rossanna Rodríguez-Canul, Juan Pablo Huchin-Mian, Maite Mascaró, Patricia Briones-Fourzán, Enrique Lozano-Álvarez, Ariadna Sánchez and Karla Escalante
Animals 2022, 12(15), 1951; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12151951 - 01 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1443
Abstract
Experimental infections have been used to better comprehend the immune system of organisms, and to probe for additives that generate greater resistance and help reduce antibiotic use in aquaculture. We compared the immune response of juveniles of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus [...] Read more.
Experimental infections have been used to better comprehend the immune system of organisms, and to probe for additives that generate greater resistance and help reduce antibiotic use in aquaculture. We compared the immune response of juveniles of the Caribbean spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, infected naturally with Panulirus argus virus 1 (PaV1) versus organisms infected experimentally, to determine the analogy between both infectious processes. The immunological response was measured by hemagglutination activity, hemocyte count, and total phenoloxidase activity in plasma and hemocytes in 211 individuals that were either naturally infected (110), or had been injected with viral inoculum and followed for six months (101). The samples were classified into the following four groups according to the severity of the infection: 0, uninfected; 1, lightly; 2, moderately; and 3, severely infected), which was determined on the basis of PCR and histological criteria. A permutational MANOVA showed that both the origin (natural and experimental), and the severity of the infection contributed significantly to explain the variation in the immune response of lobsters. The lack of significance of the interaction term indicated that the immunological response changed with the severity of the infection in a similar way, regardless of its origin. The results of the present study suggest that the experimental viral infection of PaV1 produces a defense response similar to the natural pathways of contagion, and provides the bases to validate an immunological challenge protocol for the first time in crustaceans. The discussion includes the perspective of the conceptual models of immune response within an ecological context. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Fish and Shellfish Immunology)
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14 pages, 2218 KiB  
Article
Immune Modulation Ability of Hepcidin from Teleost Fish
by Claudio Andrés Álvarez, Paula A. Santana, Nicolás Salinas-Parra, Dina Beltrán, Fanny Guzmán, Belinda Vega, Félix Acosta and Luis Mercado
Animals 2022, 12(12), 1586; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121586 - 20 Jun 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2023
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) play an essential role in the innate immune system, modulating the defense response. In a previous study, we demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of synthetic hepcidin (hep20) from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and its protective effect in European sea [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) play an essential role in the innate immune system, modulating the defense response. In a previous study, we demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of synthetic hepcidin (hep20) from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and its protective effect in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) challenged with Vibrio anguillarum. Additionally, we described the uptake and distribution of hep20 in different tissues and leukocyte cells. Interestingly, various AMPs characterized in high vertebrates, called host defense peptides (HDPs), also possess immunomodulation activity. For that reason, the present study explores the immunomodulatory abilities of hep20 through in vitro and in vivo studies. First, a monocyte/macrophage RTS-11 cell line from rainbow trout was used to evaluate hep20 effects on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in fish leukocyte cells. Next, the European sea bass juveniles were used to determine if hep20 can regulate the expression of cytokines in fish immune tissues. The results show that hep20 was uptake inner to RTS-11 cells and was able to induce the expression of IL-10, IL-1β, and TNFα at transcriptional and protein levels. Then, the European sea bass juveniles were given intraperitoneal injections of the peptide. At 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days post-injection (dpi), IL-10, IL -1β, and TNFα mRNA were quantified in the anterior gut, spleen, and head kidney. The hep20 was able to up-regulate cytokine gene expression in these tissues, mainly in the head kidney. Furthermore, the evaluated cytokines showed a cyclical tendency of higher to lesser expression. Finally, a bioinformatics analysis showed that the structure adopted by hep20 is similar to the γ-core domain described for cysteine-stabilized AMP, defined as immunomodulatory and antimicrobial, which could explain the ability of hep20 to regulate the cytokine expression. This study provides new insights into immunomodulatory function complementary to the previously established antimicrobial activity of hep20, suggesting a role as an HDP in teleost fish. These facts are likely to be associated with molecular functions underpinning the protective effect of fish hepcidin against pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Fish and Shellfish Immunology)
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Review

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24 pages, 2413 KiB  
Review
Yeast β-Glucans as Fish Immunomodulators: A Review
by Cristian Machuca, Yuniel Méndez-Martínez, Martha Reyes-Becerril and Carlos Angulo
Animals 2022, 12(16), 2154; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12162154 - 22 Aug 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2901
Abstract
Administration of immunostimulants in fish is a preventive method to combat infections. A wide variety of these biological molecules exist, among which one of the yeast wall compounds stands out for its different biological activities. The β-glucan that forms the structural part of [...] Read more.
Administration of immunostimulants in fish is a preventive method to combat infections. A wide variety of these biological molecules exist, among which one of the yeast wall compounds stands out for its different biological activities. The β-glucan that forms the structural part of yeast is capable of generating immune activity in fish by cell receptor recognition. The most frequently used β-glucans for the study of mechanisms of action are those of commercial origin, with doses recommended by the manufacturer. Nevertheless, their immune activity is inefficient in some fish species, and increasing the dose may show adverse effects, including immunosuppression. Conversely, experimental β-glucans from other yeast species show different activities, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, healing, and stress tolerance properties. Therefore, this review analyses the most recent scientific reports on the use of yeast β-glucans in freshwater and marine fish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Fish and Shellfish Immunology)
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