Applications of Detection of Chemical Pollutants and Their Removal and Reuse for a Better Future

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2023) | Viewed by 1269

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
Interests: disinfection by-products; disinfection treatments; environmental fate of drugs; natural products; flavonolignans; Silibinin; phosphoramidite chemistry; isolation and structural determination of natural and/or biological active molecules
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Guest Editor
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Mlynska Dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: photochemical processes; heterogeneous photocatalysts; semiconductor oxides; (photo)Fenton; advanced oxidation processes (AOPs); water treatments; wastewater; photochemistry; iron chemistry; photoactive material; environmental applications; ferrate; titanium dioxide (TiO2)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With regards to chemical pollutants, there are various biologically active substances of anthropic origin, such as personal care products (e.g., sunscreens), drugs, psychoactive substances associated with drug addiction, related metabolites, herbicides/pesticides, and so on. Their presence in water is considered as one of the most significant environmental problems of the last decade. For this reason, numerous researchers aim to:

  • identify the main chemical pollutants in water systems;
  • develop analytical methods for their quantitative determination;
  • carry out investigations on the presence of these substances in the water systems of interest;
  • evaluate the effectiveness of the transformation/removal pathways (the degradation of these pollutants can lead to the generation of more or less recalcitrant and toxic compounds);
  • evaluate the possibility of recovering chemical pollutants in order to be able to reuse them.

This Special Issue intends to highlight the most recent advancements and trends within the framework of chemical pollutants. Research papers and reviews illustrating the most interesting developments related to sample preparation, separation science, spectroscopic and analytical techniques, sensors and biosensors, the characterization of derivatives and the evaluation of their acute and chronic toxicity, as well as the possibility of recovering chemical pollutants in order to reuse them are welcome.

I warmly invite our colleagues to submit their original contributions to this Special Issue in order to provide updates regarding the chemical fate of drugs/biological active molecules and their derivatives on the environment and the evaluation of their properties.

Prof. Dr. Armando Zarrelli
Dr. Olivier Monfort
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • monitoring
  • environmental transformation
  • byproducts
  • chemical treatments
  • biological treatments
  • chlorination
  • disinfection
  • toxicity
  • AOPs
  • contaminant

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2750 KiB  
Article
Newly Discovered Irbesartan Disinfection Byproducts via Chlorination: Investigating Potential Environmental Toxicity
by Antonietta Siciliano, Antonio Medici, Marco Guida, Giovanni Libralato, Lorenzo Saviano, Lucio Previtera, Giovanni Di Fabio and Armando Zarrelli
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(14), 8170; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13148170 - 13 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Irbesartan belongs to the Sartan family, whose members are used in the treatment of arterial hypertension and kidney disease among patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus as part of a treatment based on antihypertensive drugs. This drug has reached surface waters, [...] Read more.
Irbesartan belongs to the Sartan family, whose members are used in the treatment of arterial hypertension and kidney disease among patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus as part of a treatment based on antihypertensive drugs. This drug has reached surface waters, accumulating to the extent of being considered an emerging pollutant, along with other substances from the same class. Wastewater treatment plants, which constitute the main environmental source of this compound, fail to completely reduce its presence in wastewater and generate additional toxic byproducts through the chlorine-based disinfection process. This study provides a comprehensive investigation into the chlorination mechanisms of irbesartan, revealing the identity of twelve new byproducts, which were characterized using NMR and mass spectrometry (MS-TOF). The other six byproducts were published in a previous study, allowing for the confirmation of some aspects of the supposed mechanisms of degradation, along with the identification of those that had only been hypothesized. An ecotoxicological assessment of a mixture and isolated byproducts was performed using Raphidocelis subcapitata for algal growth inhibition, Daphnia magna for immobility, and Aliivibrio fischeri for luminescence inhibition. The results revealed the variable toxicity of irbesartan and its byproducts. Different organisms exhibited varying sensitivities to the byproducts, with Aliivibrio fischeri being the most sensitive. The coexistence of multiple byproducts in the environment, their high toxicity, and their potential interactions highlight the significant environmental risks associated with chlorination and its derivates. Our study highlights the ongoing debate surrounding the generation of disinfection byproducts. Full article
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