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Advance in CO2 Capture Technology
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Advance in CO2 Capture Technology

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B3: Carbon Emission and Utilization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 6635

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Muhammad Akram

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Interests: carbon capture and utilisation; gas to liquid fuels; reverse water gas shift and Fischer catalysis; high-pressure heat exchanger for Allam cycle; BECCS; industrial CCS

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The need for climate change mitigation measures continues to grow. Efforts are increasing worldwide to move away from fossil fuels and move towards renewable energy. New technologies are being invented, and existing technologies are being improved to make them economically viable and environmentally acceptable. In order to meet the targets of greenhouse emissions reduction and to keep the global temperature rise below 2 °C, all the available technologies have to play their role.

Carbon capture is gaining increased interest as a technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the power and industrial sectors. Without carbon capture with utilisation, the storage costs of decarbonisation will increase significantly. Carbon capture is a broad subject involving a number of technologies at different levels of development that have their own pros and cons. Energies has launched a Special Issue titled “Advance in CO2 Capture Technology“ covering but not limited to all aspects of carbon capture listed below.

  • Conventional and new carbon-capture technologies;
  • Post combustion capture;
  • Pre-combustion capture;
  • Oxy fuel including the Allam cycle;
  • Innovative cycles;
  • New solvents;
  • Process and technological improvements;
  • Issues and mitigations;
  • Intensified processes in carbon capture;
  • BECCS;
  • Carbon capture with Waste to Energy (WtE).

You are invited to submit scientific research papers to the Special Issue. Manuscripts covering all technology readiness levels ranging from concept stage to demonstration and deployment are welcome.

Dr. Muhammad Akram
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Carbon capture technologies
  • Waste to energy with CCS
  • Industrial CCS
  • BECCS

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3791 KiB  
Article
Reaction Temperature Manipulation as a Process Intensification Approach for CO2 Absorption
by Jorge Federico Gabitto and Costas Tsouris
Energies 2023, 16(18), 6522; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en16186522 - 10 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 759
Abstract
Reactor temperature manipulation to increase product yields of chemical reactions is a known technique used in many industrial processes. In the case of exothermic chemical reactions, the well-known Le Chatelier’s principle predicts that a decrease in temperature will displace the chemical reaction toward [...] Read more.
Reactor temperature manipulation to increase product yields of chemical reactions is a known technique used in many industrial processes. In the case of exothermic chemical reactions, the well-known Le Chatelier’s principle predicts that a decrease in temperature will displace the chemical reaction toward the formation of products by increasing the value of the equilibrium constant. The reverse is true for endothermic reactions. Reactor temperature manipulation in an industrial system, however, affects the values of many variables, including physical properties, transport parameters, reaction kinetic parameters, etc. In the case of reactive absorption, some variables change with increasing temperatures due to solute absorption, while others change in such a way that the solute absorption rate decreases. For example, temperature drop increases product formation for exothermic reactions but reduces the value of transport parameters, leading to decreasing interfacial concentrations and absorption rates. Therefore, temperature manipulation strategies must be designed carefully to achieve the process goals. In this work, we theoretically study the use of temperature as a tool to increase CO2 absorption by solvents in a semi-batch reactor. A computer code has been developed and validated using reported experimental data. Calculated results demonstrate an increase in absorbed CO2 of more than 28% with respect to the highest temperature used. Despite high agitation and high gas flow rate, the system is mass transfer controlled at short times, becoming kinetically controlled as time increases. An operating strategy to decrease cooling energy costs is also proposed. This study reveals that reactor temperature manipulation can be an effective process to improve CO2 absorption by solvents in two-phase semi-batch reactors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in CO2 Capture Technology)
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22 pages, 15719 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Modeling Assessment of CO2 Capture Process Using Aqueous Ammonia
by Simion Dragan, Hannelore Lisei, Flavia-Maria Ilea, Alexandru-Constantin Bozonc and Ana-Maria Cormos
Energies 2023, 16(11), 4337; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en16114337 - 25 May 2023
Viewed by 1270
Abstract
In the pursuit of addressing climate change and achieving sustainable development, this study presents a comprehensive and intricate mathematical model that provides valuable insights into the process of carbon dioxide capture using ammonia aqueous solutions as solvents. The ability of the model to [...] Read more.
In the pursuit of addressing climate change and achieving sustainable development, this study presents a comprehensive and intricate mathematical model that provides valuable insights into the process of carbon dioxide capture using ammonia aqueous solutions as solvents. The ability of the model to accurately describe the process under consideration is supported by the validation results. Specifically, the validation process involves the examination of four parameters over the height of the absorption column. The results demonstrate a strong correlation as the model predicted profiles are in close agreement with experimental values, with an error coefficient exceeding R = 0.91. When subjecting the system to a 25% variation in flue gas inflow, the carbon capture rate exhibits a significant fluctuation (7–10%) for both increasing and decreasing cases. In addition, the validated model is scaled-up to simulate the industrial-scale ammonia-based absorption process of carbon dioxide. The simulation incorporates a column with intercooling after each layer of packing. The results indicate that by minimizing the temperature within the column, the concentration of ammonia in the clean gases obtained at the top remains below 10 ppm, while the capture rate increases up to 94%. Furthermore, the analysis of a predetermined scenario reveals that the model can effectively replicate the behavior of the system under various conditions. This finding highlights its potential utility for future applications, including process optimization and the implementation of control techniques aimed at mitigating the above-mentioned drawbacks, such as solvent loss due to vaporization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in CO2 Capture Technology)
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12 pages, 1833 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Hybrid Solvent—Membrane Configurations for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture for Super-Critical Power Plants
by Calin-Cristian Cormos, Letitia Petrescu, Ana-Maria Cormos and Cristian Dinca
Energies 2021, 14(16), 5017; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14165017 - 16 Aug 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2103
Abstract
The reduction of fossil CO2 emissions from key relevant industrial processes represents an important environmental challenge to be considered. To enable large-scale deployment of low carbon technologies, a significant research and development effort is required to optimize the CO2 capture systems. [...] Read more.
The reduction of fossil CO2 emissions from key relevant industrial processes represents an important environmental challenge to be considered. To enable large-scale deployment of low carbon technologies, a significant research and development effort is required to optimize the CO2 capture systems. This work assesses various hybrid solvent-membrane configurations for post-combustion decarbonization of coal-based super-critical power plants. As an illustrative chemical solvent, Methyl-Di-Ethanol-Amine was assessed. Various membrane unit locations were assessed (e.g., top absorber, before absorber using either compressor or vacuum pump). All investigated designs have a 1000 MW net power output with a 90% decarbonization ratio. Benchmark concepts with and without carbon capture using either reactive gas-liquid absorption or membrane separation technology were also evaluated to have a comparative assessment. Relevant evaluation tools (e.g., modeling, simulation, validation, thermal integration, etc.) were employed to assess the plant performance indicators. The integrated evaluation shows that one hybrid solvent-membrane configuration (membrane unit located at the top of absorption column) performs better in terms of increasing the overall net plant efficiency than the membrane-only case (by about 1.8 net percentage points). In addition, the purity of captured CO2 stream is higher for hybrid concepts than for membranes (99.9% vs. 96.3%). On the other hand, the chemical scrubbing concept has superior net energy efficiency than investigated hybrid configurations (by about 1.5–3.7 net percentage points). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in CO2 Capture Technology)
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9 pages, 2200 KiB  
Article
Performance and Durability of the Zr-Doped CaO Sorbent under Cyclic Carbonation–Decarbonation at Different Operating Parameters
by Vyacheslav V. Rodaev and Svetlana S. Razlivalova
Energies 2021, 14(16), 4822; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14164822 - 07 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1727
Abstract
The effect of cyclic carbonation–decarbonation operating parameters on Zr-doped CaO sorbent CO2 uptake capacity evolution is examined. It is revealed that the capacity steady state value increases with the decrease in the carbonation temperature, CO2 concentration in the gas flow upon [...] Read more.
The effect of cyclic carbonation–decarbonation operating parameters on Zr-doped CaO sorbent CO2 uptake capacity evolution is examined. It is revealed that the capacity steady state value increases with the decrease in the carbonation temperature, CO2 concentration in the gas flow upon carbonation and with the increase in the heating rate from the carbonation to the decarbonation stages. The rise in decarbonation temperature leads to a dramatic decrease in the sorbent performance. It is found that if carbonation occurs at 630 °C in the gas flow containing 15 vol.% CO2 and decarbonation is carried out at 742 °C, the sorbent shows the highest values of the initial and steady state CO2 uptake capacity, namely, 10.7 mmol/g and 9.4 mmol/g, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in CO2 Capture Technology)
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