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Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II
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Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A: Sustainable Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 20481

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Lieven Vandevelde

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Guest Editor
Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 131, 9052 Gent, Belgium
Interests: electric power systems; sustainable energy; distributed generation; low-frequency electromagnetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Energies focuses on the electrical power engineering aspects of sustainable and renewable energy in the frame of the energy transition.

Contributions on the following topics, among others, are invited: 

  • Renewable energy production: wind, solar, wave, tidal energy, etc. The focus lies on electrical power conversions, control, and grid connection in these systems;
  • Integration of renewable power generation in power systems: concepts, design, operation, and control of (future) power systems, use of storage devices, demand-side response, flexibility, etc.;
  • Electrical energy efficiency in industry, buildings, transmission and distribution, etc.;
  • Electrification and its role in decarbonized energy systems;
  • Stability and (frequency) control of power systems with a large share of power electronically connected (production) units (and thus low directly connected inertia).

Prof. Dr. Lieven Vandevelde
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Renewable and sustainable energy
  • Electrical engineering
  • Electrical power systems
  • Decarbonization
  • Energy efficiency
  • Energy transition
  • Electrification
  • Grid integration of renewable energy
  • Demand-side response
  • Energy storage
  • Stability and control of low-inertia electrical power systems

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 4310 KiB  
Article
Transmission Network Expansion Planning with High-Penetration Solar Energy Using Particle Swarm Optimization in Lao PDR toward 2030
by Thongsavanh Keokhoungning, Suttichai Premrudeepreechacharn, Wullapa Wongsinlatam, Ariya Namvong, Tawun Remsungnen, Nongram Mueanrit, Kanda Sorn-in, Satit Kravenkit, Apirat Siritaratiwat, Chavis Srichan, Sirote Khunkitti and Chayada Surawanitkun
Energies 2022, 15(22), 8359; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15228359 - 09 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1820
Abstract
The complexity and uncertainty of power sources connected to transmission networks need to be considered. Planners need information on the sustainability and economics of transmission network expansion planning (TNEP). This work presents a newly proposed method for TNEP that considers high-penetration solar energy [...] Read more.
The complexity and uncertainty of power sources connected to transmission networks need to be considered. Planners need information on the sustainability and economics of transmission network expansion planning (TNEP). This work presents a newly proposed method for TNEP that considers high-penetration solar energy by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The power sources, thermal and hydropower plants, and conditions of load were set in the account, including an uncertain power source and solar energy (PV). The optimal sizing and locating of the PV to be connected to the network were determined by the PSO. The PV grid code was set in the account. The new line’s investment cost and equipment was analyzed. The PV cost was considered based on the power loss, and the system’s reliability was improved. The IEEE 118 bus test system and Lao PDR’s system were requested to test the proposed practice. The results demonstrate that the proposed TNEP method is robust and feasible. The simulation results will be applied to guide the power system planning of Lao PDR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II)
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21 pages, 4523 KiB  
Article
A Flexible-Reliable Operation Model of Storage and Distributed Generation in a Biogas Power Plant
by Renata Rodrigues Lautert, Wagner da Silva Brignol, Luciane Neves Canha, Olatunji Matthew Adeyanju and Vinícius Jacques Garcia
Energies 2022, 15(9), 3154; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15093154 - 26 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1358
Abstract
This paper presents a novel methodology for planning and operating biogas energy systems based on the transactive energy concept to determine multilevel operating regimes for distributed generation. The developed model is used to manage the production, storage, and dispatch of biogas energy systems [...] Read more.
This paper presents a novel methodology for planning and operating biogas energy systems based on the transactive energy concept to determine multilevel operating regimes for distributed generation. The developed model is used to manage the production, storage, and dispatch of biogas energy systems to meet the load demands of the biogas producer and support the operation of the distribution network operator. An Integer Linear Programming (ILP) is fitted to optimize the biogas production of the biogas producer, including the operation of the biogas storage systems and their interaction with the network operator. The model’s objective is to maximize benefits for the participating agents in a transactive energy context. The model’s effectiveness is validated using seven case studies involving biogas systems having different operating ranges and modes to achieve enhanced flexibility and reliability for the system operation with a large proportion of intermittent energy resources. The simulation results showed that the approach could effectively manage the operation of biogas systems and their interaction with the network operator. The developed model is suitable for systems fostering net metering charging and real-time pricing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II)
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25 pages, 556 KiB  
Article
A Critical Review of State-of-the-Art Optimal PMU Placement Techniques
by Muhammad Musadiq Ahmed, Muhammad Amjad, Muhammad Ali Qureshi, Kashif Imran, Zunaib Maqsood Haider and Muhammad Omer Khan
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2125; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15062125 - 14 Mar 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3092
Abstract
Phasor measurement unit (PMU) technology is a need of the power system due to its better resolution than conventional estimation devices used for wide-area monitoring. PMUs can provide synchronized phasor and magnitude of voltage and current measurements for state estimation of the power [...] Read more.
Phasor measurement unit (PMU) technology is a need of the power system due to its better resolution than conventional estimation devices used for wide-area monitoring. PMUs can provide synchronized phasor and magnitude of voltage and current measurements for state estimation of the power system to prevent blackouts. The drawbacks of a PMU are the high cost of the device and its installation. The main aspect of using PMUs in electrical networks is the property to observe the adjacent buses, thereby making it possible to observe the system with fewer PMUs than the number of buses through their optimal placement. In the last two decades, exhaustive research has been done on this issue. Considering the importance of this field, a comprehensive review of the progress achieved until now is carried out and the limitations of existing reviews in the literature are highlighted. This paper can be seen as a major attempt to provide an up-to-date review of the research work carried out in this all-important field of PMU placement and indicates that some perspectives of optimal PMU placement still need attention. Eventually, the work will open a new standpoint for the research community to fill the research gap. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II)
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16 pages, 7474 KiB  
Article
Genetic Algorithm Based PI Control with 12-Band Hysteresis Current Control of an Asymmetrical 13-Level Inverter
by Mohammad Ali, Mohd Tariq, Deepak Upadhyay, Shahbaz Ahmad Khan, Kuntal Satpathi, Basem Alamri and Ahmad Aziz Alahmadi
Energies 2021, 14(20), 6663; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14206663 - 14 Oct 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1840
Abstract
In this paper, a twelve-band hysteresis control is applied to a recent thirteen-level asymmetrical inverter topology by employing a robust proportional-integral (PI) controller whose parameters are decided online by genetic algorithm (GA). The asymmetrical inverter topology can generate thirteen levels of output voltage [...] Read more.
In this paper, a twelve-band hysteresis control is applied to a recent thirteen-level asymmetrical inverter topology by employing a robust proportional-integral (PI) controller whose parameters are decided online by genetic algorithm (GA). The asymmetrical inverter topology can generate thirteen levels of output voltage incorporating only ten switches and exhibits boosting capability. A 12-band hysteresis current control strategy is applied to ensure the satisfactory operation of the inverter. It is designed to provide a sinusoidal line current at the unity power factor. The tuning of the PI controller is achieved by a nature inspired GA. Comparative analysis of the results obtained after application of the GA and the conventional Ziegler–Nichols method is also performed. The efficacy of the proposed control on WE topology is substantiated in the MATLAB Simulink environment and was further validated through experimental/real-time implementation using DSC TMS320F28379D and Typhoon HIL real-time emulator (Typhoon-HIL-402). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II)
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21 pages, 8637 KiB  
Article
Hybrid System Assessment in On-Grid and Off-Grid Conditions: A Technical and Economical Approach
by Jonathan Muñoz Tabora, Ulisses Carvalho Paixão Júnior, Carlos Eduardo Moreira Rodrigues, Ubiratan Holanda Bezerra, Maria Emília de Lima Tostes, Bruno S. de Albuquerque, Edson Ortiz de Matos and Andréia Antloga do Nascimento
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5284; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14175284 - 26 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2431
Abstract
Photovoltaic systems can strengthen the energy matrix aiming at energy sustainability, however, their intermittence, the availability time frame and seasonality effects are complicating aspects for the operation of these systems. To mitigate such problems, a possible measure is the operation of hybrid systems [...] Read more.
Photovoltaic systems can strengthen the energy matrix aiming at energy sustainability, however, their intermittence, the availability time frame and seasonality effects are complicating aspects for the operation of these systems. To mitigate such problems, a possible measure is the operation of hybrid systems (HS) associated with storage systems to meet the energy demand. This study presents real operational scenarios for the management of a hybrid mini-grid installed in the Amazon region in Brazil, capable of managing energy supply and demand, changing the generation curve, reducing fossil fuel consumption and energy costs, in addition to providing flexibility and operational safety to the electrical operating under on-grid or off-grid conditions. Through technical and economic analyses, the objective of this study is to show that hybrid systems can be implemented in small and medium consumers, in addition to generating a new market option for utilities. This research evaluates the operation of HS concurrently with the electrical grid and the results show that the system meets the technical requirements, in addition to bringing financial and ecological benefits. This information can support the decisions of consumers, utilities and energy operators for the development of the national market for on-grid and off-grid HS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II)
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21 pages, 6746 KiB  
Article
A Machine Learning-Based Gradient Boosting Regression Approach for Wind Power Production Forecasting: A Step towards Smart Grid Environments
by Upma Singh, Mohammad Rizwan, Muhannad Alaraj and Ibrahim Alsaidan
Energies 2021, 14(16), 5196; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14165196 - 23 Aug 2021
Cited by 78 | Viewed by 6790
Abstract
In the last few years, several countries have accomplished their determined renewable energy targets to achieve their future energy requirements with the foremost aim to encourage sustainable growth with reduced emissions, mainly through the implementation of wind and solar energy. In the present [...] Read more.
In the last few years, several countries have accomplished their determined renewable energy targets to achieve their future energy requirements with the foremost aim to encourage sustainable growth with reduced emissions, mainly through the implementation of wind and solar energy. In the present study, we propose and compare five optimized robust regression machine learning methods, namely, random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), decision-tree, and extra tree regression, which are applied to improve the forecasting accuracy of short-term wind energy generation in the Turkish wind farms, situated in the west of Turkey, on the basis of a historic data of the wind speed and direction. Polar diagrams are plotted and the impacts of input variables such as the wind speed and direction on the wind energy generation are examined. Scatter curves depicting relationships between the wind speed and the produced turbine power are plotted for all of the methods and the predicted average wind power is compared with the real average power from the turbine with the help of the plotted error curves. The results demonstrate the superior forecasting performance of the algorithm incorporating gradient boosting machine regression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II)
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20 pages, 2321 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Dynamic Behavior Evaluation of Active Distribution Networks Leveraging Low-Cost PMUs
by Xuejun Zheng, Shaorong Wang, Xin Su, Mengmeng Xiao, Zia Ullah, Xin Hu and Chang Ye
Energies 2021, 14(16), 4999; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14164999 - 15 Aug 2021
Viewed by 1236
Abstract
The investigation of real-time dynamic behavior evaluation in the active distribution networks (ADNs) is a challenging task, and it has great importance due to the emerging trend of distributed generations, electric vehicles, and flexible loads integration. The advent of new elements influences the [...] Read more.
The investigation of real-time dynamic behavior evaluation in the active distribution networks (ADNs) is a challenging task, and it has great importance due to the emerging trend of distributed generations, electric vehicles, and flexible loads integration. The advent of new elements influences the dynamic behavior of the electric distribution networks and increases the assessment complexity. However, the proper implementation of low-cost phasor measurement units (PMUs) together with the development of power system applications offer tremendous benefits. Therefore, this paper proposes a PMU-based multi-dimensional dynamic index approach for real-time dynamic behavior evaluation of ADNs. The proposed evaluation model follows the assessment principles of accuracy, integrity, practicability, and adaptability. Additionally, we introduced low-cost PMUs in the assessment model and implemented them for real-time and high-precision monitoring of dynamic behaviors in the entire distribution network. Finally, a complete model called the real-time dynamic characteristics evaluation system is presented and applied to the ADN. It is pertinent to mention that our proposed evaluation methodology does not rely on the network topology or line parameters of the distribution network since only the phasor measurements of node voltage and line current are involved in the dynamic index system. Thus, the presented methodology is well adaptive to different operation states of ADN despite frequent topology changes. The validation of the proposed approach was verified by conducting simulations on the modified IEEE 123-node distribution network. The obtained results verify the effectiveness and relevance of the proposed model for the real-time dynamic behavior evaluation of ADNs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrical Engineering for Sustainable and Renewable Energy II)
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