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Energies
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The Advancement of Geothermal Energy Utilisation by New Developments
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The Advancement of Geothermal Energy Utilisation by New Developments

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "J: Thermal Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 8087

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. János Szanyi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geosciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Dugonics tér 13, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
Interests: Teaching and research activities cover a broad spectrum of hydrogeology, groundwater flow and heat transport, and geothermal energy utilisation. Particular attention to porous reservoirs and laser applications in downhole conditions
Prof. Dr. Ladislaus Rybach

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 5, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
Interests: general and applied geothermics as well as environmental radioactivity, natural and artificial

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Achieving a low carbon and sustainable economy involves energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables. Geothermal energy is a main contender in diversifying the energy supply and the large scale integration of Earth’s heat into the energy mix. At the same time, competing with other renewables, both for heating and cooling and for electricity generation, it is necessary to use brand new technologies to ensure efficient, sustainable, competitive operation with geothermal energy supply. These new technologies include exploration, installation and operating phases which provide an opportunity to determine the optimal operating conditions and mitigate the expected geological risks.

A method to maximise the use of medium and low enthalpy resources, both for electricity generation and direct use, is the cascading use of geothermal energy, including the heat pumps at the end of the system. To address this issue, we welcome all research efforts and projects underway to utilize geothermal heat. Studies on the replacement of fossil energy with geothermal energy in large district heating systems will be considered particularly important.

In addition, we are looking for papers about the further development of technologies known as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) that can transform otherwise barren or unattractive geological environments into geothermally potential/attractive environments. This includes frontier areas of geothermal energy research such as extra deep "ore-body supported geothermal system" to combine metal and heat extraction.

This special issue is intended to encourage original contributions on the latest developments and ideas related to geothermal energy utilisations. We welcome paper proposals for low-medium-high enthalpy, hydrothermal, petrothermal, shallow and deep systems to present the most competitive geothermal systems to help the penetration of the geothermal sector in developing and developed countries worldwide. Please kindly note that the special issue that at least 5 publications will be published in paperback copy.

Prof. Dr. János Szanyi
Prof. Dr. Ladislaus Rybach
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • new developments of geothermal energy utilisation
  • modeling in geothermal energy utilisation
  • cascade system
  • low enthalpy (including shallow resources)
  • medium enthalpy
  • high enthalpy
  • district heating
  • enhanced geothermal systems
  • ore-body supported geothermal system

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 6682 KiB  
Article
Experimental Rock Characterisation of Upper Pannonian Sandstones from Szentes Geothermal Field, Hungary
by Péter Koroncz, Zsanett Vizhányó, Márton Pál Farkas, Máté Kuncz, Péter Ács, Gábor Kocsis, Péter Mucsi, Anita Fedorné Szász, Ferenc Fedor and János Kovács
Energies 2022, 15(23), 9136; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15239136 - 02 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1298
Abstract
The Upper Pannonian (UP) sandstone formation has been utilised for thermal water production in Hungary for several decades. Although sustainable utilisation requires the reinjection of cooled geothermal brine into the host rock, only a fraction of the used water is reinjected in the [...] Read more.
The Upper Pannonian (UP) sandstone formation has been utilised for thermal water production in Hungary for several decades. Although sustainable utilisation requires the reinjection of cooled geothermal brine into the host rock, only a fraction of the used water is reinjected in the country. UP sandstone formation is reported to exhibit low injectivity, making reinjection challenging, and its petrophysical properties are poorly known, which increases uncertainty in designing operational parameters. The goal of the study is to provide experimental data and to gain a better understanding of formation characteristics that control injectivity and productivity issues in Upper Pannonian sandstone layers. Petrographical characterisation and petrophysical laboratory experiments are conducted on cores retrieved from two wells drilled in the framework of an R&D project at the depth of between 1750 m and 2000 m. The experiments, such as grain density, porosity, permeability, and ultrasonic velocity, as well as thin section, grain size distribution, XRD, and SEM analyses, are used to determine Petrophysical Rock Types (PRT) that share distinct hydraulic (flow zone indicator, FZI) and petrophysical characteristics. These are used to identify well intervals with lower potential for injectivity issues. The results imply that fines migration due to formation erosion is one of the key processes that must be better understood and controlled in order to mitigate injectivity issues at the study area. Future investigation should include numerical and experimental characterisation of formation damage, including water–rock interaction tests, critical flow velocity measurements, and fines migration analysis under reservoir conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Advancement of Geothermal Energy Utilisation by New Developments)
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31 pages, 6341 KiB  
Article
The CROWDTHERMAL Project: Creating Public Acceptance of Geothermal Energy and Opportunities for Community Financing
by Isabel Fernández Fuentes, Amel Barich, Christina Baisch, Balazs Bodo, Ottó Elíasson, Gioia Falcone, Georgie Friederichs, Margarita de Gregorio, Jan Hildebrand, Anastasia Ioannou, Tamas Medgyes, Tamas Miklovicz, Paloma Pérez and Marcio Tameirao Pinto
Energies 2022, 15(21), 8310; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15218310 - 07 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1819
Abstract
One of the major challenges regarding energy transition is to create active support towards renewable energy installations on a local level. The CROWDTHERMAL project presents practical approaches for involving local stakeholders in different measures in order to develop acceptable solutions. Based on technical [...] Read more.
One of the major challenges regarding energy transition is to create active support towards renewable energy installations on a local level. The CROWDTHERMAL project presents practical approaches for involving local stakeholders in different measures in order to develop acceptable solutions. Based on technical evidence and data from concrete case studies, the project shows ways how community funding can increase social acceptance towards geothermal energy installations. The presented solutions are based on alternative financial schemes studies and risk mitigation analysis in geothermal projects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Advancement of Geothermal Energy Utilisation by New Developments)
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29 pages, 12106 KiB  
Article
Geothermal Heat Pump Production Sustainability—The Basis of the Swiss GHP Success Story
by Ladislaus Rybach
Energies 2022, 15(21), 7870; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15217870 - 24 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1650
Abstract
Geothermal heat pump systems (GHP) are the spearhead of geothermal achievement and development, and one of the fastest growing applications of renewable energy technologies worldwide. When Swiss GHP activities started in the late 1970s, market introduction and penetration needed science-based proof of reliable, [...] Read more.
Geothermal heat pump systems (GHP) are the spearhead of geothermal achievement and development, and one of the fastest growing applications of renewable energy technologies worldwide. When Swiss GHP activities started in the late 1970s, market introduction and penetration needed science-based proof of reliable, stable, long-term GHP operation. A special, extended project, realized in a field-laboratory setting, provided this proof. Detailed measurements, as well as numerical model simulations, proved the sustainable operation of the installed GHP system. The measurement setup, the recording of the various time series, and their interpretation are presented. Furthermore, basic perceptions were elaborated concerning geothermal resources behavior in production and regeneration. The Swiss GHP was developed from nothing. Early GHP installation costs halved within 20 years; GHP growth was nearly exponential from 1980 to 2020 (8.5% annually). Drilled borehole heat exchanger (BHE) meters are today around 300,000 m per year; heat delivery of GHPs in Switzerland amounted to 3280 GWh 2020—over 85% of Swiss geothermal direct uses (among others like thermal spas, district heating). Large installations with hundreds of BHEs are now common, and are also used for heating and cooling. The international ranking of Swiss GHP realizations is excellent in terms of annual energy use (TJ/yr/area), and is number one worldwide. Switzerland is a global GHP leader, and the Swiss success story is well documented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Advancement of Geothermal Energy Utilisation by New Developments)
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21 pages, 7442 KiB  
Article
Applying Machine Learning to Predict the Rate of Penetration for Geothermal Drilling Located in the Utah FORGE Site
by Mohamed Arbi Ben Aoun and Tamás Madarász
Energies 2022, 15(12), 4288; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15124288 - 11 Jun 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2494
Abstract
Well planning for every drilling project includes cost estimation. Maximizing the rate of penetration (ROP) reduces the time required for drilling, resulting in reducing the expenses required for the drilling budget. The empirical formulas developed to predict ROP have limited field applications. Since [...] Read more.
Well planning for every drilling project includes cost estimation. Maximizing the rate of penetration (ROP) reduces the time required for drilling, resulting in reducing the expenses required for the drilling budget. The empirical formulas developed to predict ROP have limited field applications. Since real-time drilling data acquisition and computing technologies have improved over the years, we implemented the data-driven approach for this purpose. We investigated the potential of machine learning and deep learning algorithms to predict the nonlinear behavior of the ROP. The well was drilled to confirm the geothermal reservoir characteristics for the FORGE site. After cleaning and preprocessing the data, we selected two models and optimized their hyperparameters. According to our findings, the random forest regressor and the artificial neural network predicted the behavior of our field ROP with a maximum absolute mean error of 3.98, corresponding to 19% of the ROP’s standard deviation. A tool was created to assist engineers in selecting the best drilling parameters that increase the ROP for future drilling tasks. The tool can be validated with an existing well from the same field to demonstrate its capability as an ROP predictive model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Advancement of Geothermal Energy Utilisation by New Developments)
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