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Energies
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Distribution Grid Management Based on the Use of 5G Communication
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Distribution Grid Management Based on the Use of 5G Communication

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F2: Distributed Energy System".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (14 November 2022) | Viewed by 13481

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ferdinanda Ponci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
Interests: electrical power engineering; distributed generation; measurement, monitoring, and automation of electrical distribution systems; distributed control for power systems, monitoring, and control of active electrical distribution grids and urban energy grids; power hardware-in-the-loop platform for the testing of monitoring systems; multiagent control system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gianluca Lipari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
2. Center for Digital Energy, Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Information Technology (FIT), 52074 Aachen, Germany
Interests: electrical power engineering; distributed generation; phasor measurement units; cyber physical energy systems; measurement, monitoring, and automation of electrical distribution systems; virtual power plants; energy flexibility

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The transformation towards the new energy grid affects power distribution grids and their management in many ways. Automation solutions, for example, need specifically designed architectures for control and operation, algorithms, sensing, decision-making, and actuation mechanisms. In this respect, communication and networking technologies are essential to accommodate the growing need for digitalization in the energy sector, to access distributed sensor information, and to communicate configurations and set-points to actuators.

Commercial deployment of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks is now a reality, allowing a wide range of services with very different specifications, including reduced latencies, augmented bandwidth, enhanced reliability, and advanced M2M functionalities. 5G mobile network and infrastructure provide a wide set of tools and technologies that can facilitate the design of innovative distributed automation architectures and accelerate their deployment, thanks to their cloud-native approach and the virtualized network functionalities.

For these reasons, there is an emerging area of research that specifically addresses the adoption and exploitation of 5G communication in distribution grid management.

This special issue will collect state-of-the-art research in this area as well as significant practical contributions derived from field tests performed in real field trials.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue include the following:

  • Automation architectures for distribution systems
  • Smart grids
  • Cloud services for distribution grids automation
  • Synchrophasor applications in active distribution networks
  • Synchronized measurements
  • QoS, latency, and reliability 5G for energy applications
  • IoT based monitoring and control of distribution networks
  • Edge and fog computing
  • Novel technologies for 5G devices
  • Advanced network slicing and virtualization techniques
  • Network architectures and protocols
  • Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive IoT / machine-type communication (mIoT/ mMTC) and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) services
  • Cloud-based 5G mobile architectures
  • 5G network function virtualization (NFV)
  • IoT applications in 5G networks
  • Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (over 5G)
  • End-to-end data integrity and data security (over 5G)

Prof. Dr. Ferdinanda Ponci
Dr. Gianluca Lipari
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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36 pages, 7325 KiB  
Article
Network Architecture for IEC61850-90-5 Communication: Case Study of Evaluating R-GOOSE over 5G for Communication-Based Protection
by Peyman Jafary, Antti Supponen and Sami Repo
Energies 2022, 15(11), 3915; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15113915 - 25 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3508
Abstract
The smart grid includes wide-area applications in which inter-substation communication is required to realize innovative monitoring, protection, and control solutions. Internet-based data exchange, i.e., communication over Internet Protocol (IP), is regarded as the latest trend for inter-substation communication. Interoperability can be achieved via [...] Read more.
The smart grid includes wide-area applications in which inter-substation communication is required to realize innovative monitoring, protection, and control solutions. Internet-based data exchange, i.e., communication over Internet Protocol (IP), is regarded as the latest trend for inter-substation communication. Interoperability can be achieved via the use of standardized IEC 61850-90-5 messages communicating over IP. Wide-area applications can obtain benefits from IP-multicast technologies and use a one-to-many communication model among substations communicating across a communication network. Cellular Internet is being considered as a potential cost-efficient solution which can be used for the IP-multicast communication. However, it requires knowledge of communicating uncommon IP-multicast traffic over the Internet. Moreover, it presents challenges in terms of cybersecurity and real-time requirements. These challenges must be overcome to realize authentic and correct operation of the wide-area applications. There is thus a need to examine communication security and to evaluate if the communication network characteristics satisfy the application real-time requirement. This paper investigates the secure communication of IEC61850-90-5 multicast messages over the public communication network and proposes two network architectures using the Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel and multipoint GRE (mGRE) within Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN). Additionally, this paper evaluates the feasibility of cellular (5G and 4G) Internet for the communication of multicast Routable Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (R-GOOSE) messages in wide-area protection applications. For this purpose, we introduce a lab setup to experiment the transmission of R-GOOSE messages within the proposed network architectures. The lab setup contains both software and hardware components. A software application is developed to publish multicast R-GOOSE with a fresh timestamp acquired from time synchronization equipment. These messages are transmitted over the Internet by computer networking devices that support cellular communication. The communication latency of the transmitted messages is measured and analyzed statistically. The statistical analysis results are discussed to evaluate performance of R-GOOSE over cellular Internet for two communication-based protection applications: Logic Selectivity and Loss-of-Main protection schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distribution Grid Management Based on the Use of 5G Communication)
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27 pages, 6938 KiB  
Article
Demonstration of 5G Solutions for Smart Energy Grids of the Future: A Perspective of the Smart5Grid Project
by Daniele Porcu, Sonia Castro, Borja Otura, Paula Encinar, Ioannis Chochliouros, Irina Ciornei, Lenos Hadjidemetriou, Georgios Ellinas, Rita Santiago, Elisavet Grigoriou, Angelos Antonopoulos, Nicola Cadenelli, Nicola di Pietro, August Betzler, Inmaculada Prieto, Fabrizio Battista, Dimitrios Brodimas, Ralitsa Rumenova and Athanasios Bachoumis
Energies 2022, 15(3), 839; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15030839 - 24 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4129
Abstract
As the complexity of electric systems increases, so does the required effort for the monitoring and management of grid operations. To solve grid performance issues, smart grids require the exchange of higher volumes of data, high availability of the telecommunication infrastructure, and very [...] Read more.
As the complexity of electric systems increases, so does the required effort for the monitoring and management of grid operations. To solve grid performance issues, smart grids require the exchange of higher volumes of data, high availability of the telecommunication infrastructure, and very low latency. The fifth generation (5G) mobile network seems to be the most promising technology to support such requirements, allowing utilities to have dedicated virtual slices of network resources to maximize the service availability in case of network congestions. Regarding this evolving scenario, this work presents the Smart5Grid project vision on how 5G can support the energy vertical industry for the fast deployment of innovative digital services. Specifically, this work introduces the concept of network applications (NetApps), a new paradigm of virtualization that are envisioned to facilitate the creation of a new market for information technology (IT), small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and startups. This concept, and the open architecture that facilitates its implementation, is showcased by four real-life 5G-enabled demonstrators: (1) automatic fault detection in a medium voltage (MV) grid in Italy, (2) real-time safety monitoring for operators in high voltage (HV) substations in Spain, (3) remote distributed energy resources (DER) monitoring in Bulgaria, and (4) wide area monitoring in a cross-border scenario between Greece and Bulgaria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distribution Grid Management Based on the Use of 5G Communication)
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Review

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59 pages, 9216 KiB  
Review
Sensitivity Analysis and Power Systems: Can We Bridge the Gap? A Review and a Guide to Getting Started
by Mirko Ginocchi, Ferdinanda Ponci and Antonello Monti
Energies 2021, 14(24), 8274; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14248274 - 08 Dec 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4732
Abstract
Power systems are increasingly affected by various sources of uncertainty at all levels. The investigation of their effects thus becomes a critical challenge for their design and operation. Sensitivity Analysis (SA) can be instrumental for understanding the origins of system uncertainty, hence allowing [...] Read more.
Power systems are increasingly affected by various sources of uncertainty at all levels. The investigation of their effects thus becomes a critical challenge for their design and operation. Sensitivity Analysis (SA) can be instrumental for understanding the origins of system uncertainty, hence allowing for a robust and informed decision-making process under uncertainty. The SA value as a support tool for model-based inference is acknowledged; however, its potential is not fully realized yet within the power system community. This is due to an improper use of long-established SA practices, which sometimes prevent an in-depth model sensitivity investigation, as well as to partial communication between the SA community and the final users, ultimately hindering non-specialists’ awareness of the existence of effective strategies to tackle their own research questions. This paper aims at bridging the gap between SA and power systems via a threefold contribution: (i) a bibliometric study of the state-of-the-art SA to identify common practices in the power system modeling community; (ii) a getting started overview of the most widespread SA methods to support the SA user in the selection of the fittest SA method for a given power system application; (iii) a user-oriented general workflow to illustrate the implementation of SA best practices via a simple technical example. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distribution Grid Management Based on the Use of 5G Communication)
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