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Energy Storage and Flow Batteries

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D: Energy Storage and Application".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 7572
Please submit your paper and select the Journal "Energies" and the Special Issue "Energy Storage and Flow Batteries" via: https://susy.mdpi.com/user/manuscripts/upload?journal=energies. Please contact the journal editor Adele Min ([email protected]) before submitting.

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics, Faculty of Engineering of Vitoria-Gasteiz, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), C/Nieves Cano 12, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
Interests: active and passive devices for flow control; computational fluid dynamics; turbulence theory; vortex dynamics and boundary layers; wind turbine rotor aerodynamics/aero-elasticity; active/passive devices for flow control; flow separation study in complex geometries; energy harvesters
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Guest Editor
Nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics Department, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Araba, Spain
Interests: computational fluid dynamics (CFD); numerical simulation; aerodynamics; flow control devices; aerosol science; multiphase flow; energy storage; flow batteries

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing demand for transition from hydrocarbon fuels to renewable energy resources, such as solar and wind power, has motivated the research and development of large-scale electrical energy storage systems. In this field, flow batteries have emerged as a potential alternative to address this sustainable energy generation since it presents several advantages, such as the decoupling of power and energy storage capacity. The efficiency of a flow batteries largely depends on mass transport, electrolyte flow, electrode potential distribution, and reactant conversion. Therefore, to optimize the operation process, it is necessary to minimize the pressure drop during the charging/discharging process and to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the reactants across the cell active area.

The purpose of the current Special Issue is to publish the most exciting research with respect to the above subjects and to spread the articles freely for research, teaching, and reference purposes. The topics cover a wide range of subjects in flow battery research including numerical and experimental modeling, flow field configurations, new electrode and ion-exchange membrane materials, electrolyte chemistries, and charge–discharge performance.

Prof. Dr. Unai Fernández Gámiz
Dr. Iñigo Aramendia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy storage
  • flow batteries
  • VRFB
  • flow field
  • CFD
  • interdigitated
  • serpentine
  • experimental tests
  • electrode characterization
  • membrane modelling
  • charge–discharge performance
  • pressure drop
  • electrode compression
  • electrolyte circulation

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5305 KiB  
Article
Battery Sizing Optimization in Power Smoothing Applications
by Asier Zulueta, Decebal Aitor Ispas-Gil, Ekaitz Zulueta, Joseba Garcia-Ortega and Unai Fernandez-Gamiz
Energies 2022, 15(3), 729; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15030729 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1717
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to determine the worth of installing an electrical battery in order to reduce peak power consumption. The importance of this question resides in the expensive terms of energy bills when using the maximum power level. If [...] Read more.
The main objective of this work was to determine the worth of installing an electrical battery in order to reduce peak power consumption. The importance of this question resides in the expensive terms of energy bills when using the maximum power level. If maximum power consumption decreases, it affects not only the revenues of maximum power level bills, but also results in important reductions at the source of the power. This way, the power of the transformer decreases, and other electrical elements can be removed from electrical installations. The authors studied the Spanish electrical system, and a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to model battery sizing in peak power smoothing applications for an electrical consumption point. This study proves that, despite not being entirely profitable at present due to current kWh prices, implanting a battery will definitely be an option to consider in the future when these prices come down. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Storage and Flow Batteries)
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9 pages, 2050 KiB  
Communication
High Voltage Redox-Meditated Flow Batteries with Prussian Blue Solid Booster
by John Ostrander, Reza Younesi and Ronnie Mogensen
Energies 2021, 14(22), 7498; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14227498 - 10 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2289
Abstract
This work presents Prussian blue solid boosters for use in high voltage redox-mediated flow batteries (RMFB) based on non-aqueous electrolytes. The system consisted of sodium iodide as a redox mediator in an acetonitrile catholyte containing solid Prussian blue powder. The combination enabled the [...] Read more.
This work presents Prussian blue solid boosters for use in high voltage redox-mediated flow batteries (RMFB) based on non-aqueous electrolytes. The system consisted of sodium iodide as a redox mediator in an acetonitrile catholyte containing solid Prussian blue powder. The combination enabled the solid booster utilization in the proposed systems to reach as high as 66 mAh g−1 for hydrated Prussian blue and 110 mAh g−1 for anhydrous rhombohedral Prussian blue in cells with an average potential of about 3 V (vs. Na+/Na). Though the boosted system suffers from capacity fading, it opens up possibilities to develop non-aqueous RMFB with low-cost materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Storage and Flow Batteries)
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15 pages, 7613 KiB  
Article
Physicochemical and Electrochemical Characterization of Vanadium Electrolyte Prepared with Different Grades of V2O5 Raw Materials
by Muqing Ding, Tao Liu, Yimin Zhang, Hong Liu, Dong Pan and Liming Chen
Energies 2021, 14(18), 5958; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14185958 - 20 Sep 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2601
Abstract
The physicochemical and electrochemical performance of electrolytes prepared with different grades of V2O5 raw materials were investigated systematically for a vanadium redox flow battery. Physicochemical tests showed that the conductivity of electrolytes prepared with lower grades of V2O [...] Read more.
The physicochemical and electrochemical performance of electrolytes prepared with different grades of V2O5 raw materials were investigated systematically for a vanadium redox flow battery. Physicochemical tests showed that the conductivity of electrolytes prepared with lower grades of V2O5 raw materials obviously decreased, while the viscosity increased. The results of electrochemical experiments showed that the electrochemical activity and reversibility of electrolytes decreased, and the solution resistance increased obviously, as the grade of V2O5 raw materials gradually decreased. In addition, the battery efficiency and charge–discharge capacity were negatively affected by impurities in the lower grade V2O5 raw materials, due to an increase of polarization on the charge–discharge voltage. Moreover, the performance of electrolytes was related to the total concentration of impurities in the electrolyte, and Na, K impurity ions were the main factors that adversely affected the electrochemical activity and reversibility, mass transfer, and capacity of the electrolytes. Based on the economic analysis, the impurities in V2O5 raw materials would not only reduce the performance of electrolytes, but also affect the production costs of electrolytes and the economic profits. Through this fundamental research, people can better understand the influence of V2O5 raw materials on electrolyte properties, and direct more attention to research how to effectively use lower grade V2O5 raw materials to reduce the costs of electrolyte preparation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Storage and Flow Batteries)
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