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Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering
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Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F6: High Voltage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 9876

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Muhammad Shafiq

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
Interests: power systems and high voltage engineering; condition monitoring; insulation diagnosis; partial discharge; insulation breakdown; high-frequency sensor; measurement and instrumentation; data analysis; signal processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Power networks are growing and network operation is changing which is bringing both, broad ranging opportunities and challenges. The increased penetration of the renewable generation into the power grid, requirement of improved reliability, optimized asset management, enhanced capabilities of fault monitoring and diagnosis, and renewal of the material recipes and component design, etc. are different facets contributing towards the modernization of today’s power grid. When it comes to high voltage operation, the issues related to aging of electrical insulation of the critical components become a significant concern. Integration of the renewable energy resources and proliferation of AC-DC operation is posing additional stresses emerged due to non-standard trasients on the electrical insulation. The demand of operation at economical costs is pushing the utilities to optimize the operational lifetime of the components by upgrading the capabilities of proactive monitoring and diagnosis solutions. Similarly, improving the recipes of insulation materials to extend the lifetime and withstanding abilities of components during conventional as well as unconventional high voltage electrical stresses has become an elevated interest of research.

This Special Issue is aimed at exploring and demonstrating the novel ideas and valuable outcomes addressing the various aspects of high voltage operation under modern grid scenario such as;

  • The impact of changing network operation on the performance of electrical insulation
  • Insulation aging in power components (such as power transformer, switchgear, underground cable, cable accessories, generator, motor, and other critical network assets)
  • Measurement, data acquisition, and data processing techniques
  • Identification, location, and quantification of the incipient (insulation) faults
  • Efficient and intelligent classification and pattern recognition of insulation defects
  • Progression of the insulation deterioration
  • Electrical breakdown characteristics
  • Modelling of aging behaviour of power components

While the above-mentioned list may not cover all the issues related to high voltage operation, this Special Issue welcomes the submission of manuscript on other similar topics of interest as well that contribute to enhance the knowledge, condition monitoring abilities, and thus the reliability of the power grids.   

Dr. Muhammad Shafiq
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • High voltage operation
  • Predictive maintenance of power grid
  • Electrical stresses
  • High voltage trasients/impulses
  • Electrical insulation
  • Condition monitoring
  • Insulation Breakdown
  • Partial discharge
  • Aging
  • Underground cable
  • Joints and terminations
  • Switchgear
  • Generators and motors
  • Power transformer

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3250 KiB  
Article
Flashover Voltage of Epoxy FRP Insulators with Different Surface Roughness and Groove under Nanosecond Pulses in SF6
by Zhiqiang Chen, Chengcheng Wang, Wei Jia, Le Cheng, Fan Guo, Linshen Xie, Wei Wu and Wei Chen
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2202; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15062202 - 17 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1683
Abstract
In order to further improve the insulation performance of fiber reinforce plastic (FRP) materials used in electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulators, the flashover characteristics of FRP materials with different surface roughness and groove, i.e., those who are easily achieved and have a prominent effect, [...] Read more.
In order to further improve the insulation performance of fiber reinforce plastic (FRP) materials used in electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulators, the flashover characteristics of FRP materials with different surface roughness and groove, i.e., those who are easily achieved and have a prominent effect, are investigated in 0.1 MPa SF6 under nanosecond pulse voltage with a rise time of 20–30 ns. The experimental results show that surfaces with different roughness have no significant influence on the flashover voltages of the FRP insulators, and both the convex grooves made of FRP and the convex grooves with nylon rings inlaid to form projections can improve the surface flashover voltage of epoxy FRP insulators under nanosecond pulse, in which the effect of the former surface is more obvious. For the insulators with convex grooves made of FRP, it is found that the root of the FRP protrusions breaks down after a number of shots with the occurrence of carbonization channels and spots, which is nonexistent for the nylon projections. Combined with the test results of surface characteristics, the surface roughness and the secondary electron emission yield (SEEY) are not key factors of flashover characteristics in SF6 under nanosecond pulse, arguably due to the fact that the energy needed for an incident electron to ionize an SF6 molecule is lower than that to excite two secondary electrons. Hence, the flashover performance cannot be improved by adjusting the surface roughness, and the flashover channel is principally governed by the macroscopic distribution of electrical field which can be changed by the convex groove. Breakdown phenomena of FRP protrusions indicate that the bulk insulation performance of resin FRP is weaker compared to pure resin because of its composite structure, as well as the impurities and voids introduced in the manufacturing process. The results are instructive for the design of FRP insulation structures in the compact EMP simulator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering)
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17 pages, 18294 KiB  
Article
Fault Diagnosis Method for MMC-HVDC Based on Bi-GRU Neural Network
by Yanting Wang, Dingkun Zheng and Rong Jia
Energies 2022, 15(3), 994; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15030994 - 28 Jan 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2104
Abstract
The Modular Multilevel Converter-High Voltage Direct Current (MMC-HVDC) system is recognized worldwide as a highly efficient strategy for transporting renewable energy across regions. As most of the MMC-HVDC system electronics are weak against overcurrent, protections of the MMC-HVDC system are the major focus [...] Read more.
The Modular Multilevel Converter-High Voltage Direct Current (MMC-HVDC) system is recognized worldwide as a highly efficient strategy for transporting renewable energy across regions. As most of the MMC-HVDC system electronics are weak against overcurrent, protections of the MMC-HVDC system are the major focus of research. Because of the insufficiencies of the conventioned fault diagnosis method of MMC-HVDC system, such as hand-designed fault thresholds and complex data pre-processing, this paper proposes a new method for fault detection and location based on Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU). The proposed method has obvious advantages of feature extraction on the bi-directional structure, and it simplifies the pre-processing of fault data. The simplified pre-processing avoids the loss of valid information in the data and helps to extract detailed fault characteristics, thus improving the accuracy of the method. Extensive simulation experiments show that the proposed method meets the speed requirement of MMC-HVDC protections (2 ms) and the accuracy rate reaches 99.9994%. In addition, the method is not affected by noise and has a high potential for practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering)
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23 pages, 6394 KiB  
Article
Compact and Integrated High-Power Pulse Generation and Forming System
by Mikołaj Nowak, Kazimierz Jakubiuk, Daniel Kowalak, Marek Pikoń, Józef Czucha and Piotr Jankowski
Energies 2022, 15(1), 99; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15010099 - 23 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2932
Abstract
This paper presents comprehensive analytical, numerical and experimental research of the compact and integrated high-power pulse generation and forming system based on the flux compression generator and the electro-explosive forming fuse. The paper includes the analysis of the presented solution, starting from the [...] Read more.
This paper presents comprehensive analytical, numerical and experimental research of the compact and integrated high-power pulse generation and forming system based on the flux compression generator and the electro-explosive forming fuse. The paper includes the analysis of the presented solution, starting from the individual components studies, i.e., the separate flux compression generator tests in field conditions and the forming fuse laboratory test, through the formulation of the extended quasi-empirical components models aimed at enabling their optimal parameters determination at the early design stage and ending with the description of the integrated system studies in field conditions. Based on detailed research, it was possible to achieve very high parameters of the generated pulses, i.e., overvoltages of up to 340 kV with the available source power reaching 25 GW. A very high convergence of the simulation and the results of experimental research has been obtained. The parameters of the presented system have been compared with other literature solutions and the selected topology of the high power pulse generation and forming system has been distinguished against other available ones, e.g., based on Marx generators and forming lines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering)
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12 pages, 1849 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Concentration of Mineral Oil in Synthetic Ester Based on the Density of the Mixture and the Capacitance of the Capacitor Immersed in It
by Hubert Moranda, Jaroslaw Gielniak and Ireneusz Kownacki
Energies 2021, 14(7), 1839; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14071839 - 25 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1917
Abstract
This research was carried out during the realization of a project with the aim of developing a method of drying cellulose insulation in power transformers by using synthetic ester. Unfortunately, during the drying process, the ester is systematically contaminated with mineral oil, which [...] Read more.
This research was carried out during the realization of a project with the aim of developing a method of drying cellulose insulation in power transformers by using synthetic ester. Unfortunately, during the drying process, the ester is systematically contaminated with mineral oil, which reduces its water absorption. Information on the oil concentration in the mixture is needed in two cases: when deciding how to treat the mixture, and during the treatment. The article presents two methods: (1) based on the measurement of the mixture density, and (2) based on the measurement of a capacitor immersed in the mixture. The most important scientific achievement of the work is the proof, by way of experiment, of the existence of a relationship between the concentration of mineral oil and (1) the density of the mixture, and (2) the capacity of the capacitor immersed in it. These relations are presented in the form of equations for which the error calculus showed that the uncertainty of measurement for both methods did not exceed 3 p. %. Due to the similar measurement error of both methods, the authors recommend the capacitance method as easier to use, especially online. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and High Voltage Engineering)
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