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Land
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Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology
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Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X). This special issue belongs to the section "Landscape Archaeology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2022) | Viewed by 19733

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kyriacos Themistocleous

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Eratosthenes Centre of Excellence, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
2. Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol 3036, Cyprus
Interests: remote sensing; Earth Observation; cultural heritage; archaeo-landscapes; UAV; satellites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

“Landscape” is a concept that has frequently been used by archaeologists and the cultural heritage community in recent years as a useful vehicle for the holistic interpretation of archaeological, topographical, and environmental data. Globally, landscape is recognised as a frame through which societal values are defined and embedded. Natural landscapes refer to cultural landscapes, geological, biological and physical formations, while environmental landscapes refer to where cultural heritage enables the sustainable development of landscapes. The landscape is a result of the interaction between humankind and nature. It is also the lived context experienced and perceived by human beings. Cultural heritage and archaeology is increasingly recognised as having an important place in integrated landscape management, but often remains relatively peripheral.

There is a great variety of cultural heritage landscapes and archaeo-landscapes that are representative of the different regions of the world. Combined works of nature and humankind, they express a long and intimate relationship between peoples and their natural environment. A cultural heritage landscape is a property or defined geographical area of cultural heritage significance that has been modified by human activities and is valued by a community. It involves a grouping (or groupings) of individual heritage features, such as structures, spaces, archaeological sites and natural elements that together form a significant type of heritage form, distinctive from that of its constituent elements or parts. Consequently, the landscape gains its structure from the human activities, which are carried out within a given environment and through the landscape itself, and therefore it is as much a process as it is an entity. When analysing the concept of cultural landscape further, the physical and symbolic interconnection between culture and landscape becomes evident.

In cultural heritage landscapes and archaeo-landscapes that may include monuments and structures, natural hazards and geo-hazards are significant issues which can cause serious damage and degradation. Landscapes are significantly affected by climate change, human interaction, natural hazards and geo-hazards such as landslides, sinkholes, ground settlement, earthquakes, fires, floods, volcanoes and active tectonics, which render the archaeo-landscape potentially unstable. Monitoring geo-hazards and natural hazards of cultural heritage sites and structures as well as the surrounding archaeo-landscapes facilitates the early recognition of potential risks and enables effective conservation monitoring, planning and documentation. Earth Observation techniques can be used to identify, monitor and assess the risk from natural and geo-hazards on cultural heritage sites and structures to evaluate potential changes and risks resulting from environmental displacements using techniques such as satellites, aeroplanes, UAVs, in-situ observations, etc. Monitoring the deformation of structures as well as their surroundings facilitates the early recognition of potential risks and enables effective conservation planning. Research in cultural heritage applications includes technologies such as remote sensing, Earth Observation, UAVs, laser scanning, photogrammetry, LIDAR etc. that can be used to monitor and assess damage to cultural heritage landscapes and monuments.

Dr. Kyriacos Themistocleous
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Land is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • remote sensing
  • Earth Observation
  • cultural heritage
  • cultural landscapes
  • geo-hazards
  • natural hazards
  • archaeology
  • documentation
  • environment

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 4843 KiB  
Article
Cultural Perception of the Historical and Cultural Blocks of Beijing Based on Weibo Photos
by Siyu Chen, Bin Meng, Na Liu, Zhenyu Qi, Jian Liu and Juan Wang
Land 2022, 11(4), 495; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/land11040495 - 29 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2949
Abstract
Historic blocks are steeped in the history and culture of a city, reflecting the characteristics of the landscape during historical periods; they are of great significance to the preservation of the historical memory of the city. However, existing research generally lacks integration with [...] Read more.
Historic blocks are steeped in the history and culture of a city, reflecting the characteristics of the landscape during historical periods; they are of great significance to the preservation of the historical memory of the city. However, existing research generally lacks integration with big data, and research perspectives are mostly from the conservation planning of historic blocks, the evaluation mechanisms of blocks, and the development of block tourism resources; thus, the public perception is lacking. This study involved 28 historical and cultural blocks in Beijing, the capital of China, and constructed a system of cultural perception symbols based on the cultural connotations of the capital. On this basis, photo recognition was conducted on Weibo photo data collected by relying on the photo segmentation method, and the intrinsic factors affecting the cultural perception of the historical and cultural blocks were explored from the perspective of public perception (local residents and tourists). The results show that: (1) the capital culture of Beijing can be roughly divided into five categories: ancient capital culture, red culture, Beijing-style culture, innovation culture, and other types of culture, based on the photo recognition method; (2) from the perspective of public perception, the degree of perception of Beijing culture and innovation culture is generally higher, while the degree of perception of red culture and ancient capital culture is lower; (3) the 28 historic and cultural blocks of Beijing’s old city are mainly dominated by one or more cultures, and there are no historic and cultural blocks with a balance of five cultures, reflecting the relative lack of cultural diversity within the blocks; (4) the local cultural identity of Beijing is prominent and dominant in the public mind. However, local residents have a relatively high perception of innovative culture, whereas tourists have a higher perception of ancient capital culture and red culture. In this study, photo recognition technology was introduced to study the cultural perception of historical and cultural blocks to provide new ideas and methods for the study of historical and cultural blocks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology)
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15 pages, 1263 KiB  
Article
Agricultural-Heritage-Oriented Rural Revitalization: Experiences from the Ancient Tea Town of Xiping
by Jing Shen, Feng-Tzu Huang and Rung-Jiun Chou
Land 2021, 10(9), 927; https://doi.org/10.3390/land10090927 - 03 Sep 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3324
Abstract
The Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System, as the proposed location of a globally important agricultural heritage system (GIAHS), has demonstrated the great significance of a network of heritage settlements and landscapes and supported rural revitalization and the participation and empowerment of women, based [...] Read more.
The Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System, as the proposed location of a globally important agricultural heritage system (GIAHS), has demonstrated the great significance of a network of heritage settlements and landscapes and supported rural revitalization and the participation and empowerment of women, based on agricultural heritage. Through fieldwork, participant observation, and in-depth interviews, this study attempts to analyze the experience of rural revitalization in Xiping. Firstly, the unique cultural heritage found within the agricultural landscape, formed by the multi-party linkage and dynamic adaptation of the surrounding natural environment by local residents, has shaped the Anxi Tieguanyin tea culture system of Xiping. Secondly, local residents actively participate in tea competitions and tea associations, so that the implementation process of agricultural cultural heritage preservation and development can be from the perspective of a shared experience. Thirdly, intangible cultural heritage features, such as the Female Tea Master Training Institute, have played a vital role in the development of tea towns and have proved conducive to women’s participation and empowerment. The results show that the agricultural heritage of the area, based on the Tea Manor and its multi-functional resources, has helped Xiping to move toward a more sustainable future, while eventually supporting a local society with a more distinctive rural landscape of which people can be proud. This system meets the need for local socio-economic and cultural development, and the promotion of the sustainable development of the entire region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology)
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24 pages, 7136 KiB  
Article
When the Past Lives in the Present. Agrarian Landscapes and Historical Social Dynamics in the Southern Andes (Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina)
by Pablo Cruz, Nancy Egan, Richard Joffre, Jorge L. Cladera and Thierry Winkel
Land 2021, 10(7), 687; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/land10070687 - 30 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2301
Abstract
This article examines the agrarian landscape in one part of the southern Andes (Quebrada of Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina). The region possesses extensive and well-preserved archaeological remains of agricultural systems, which stretch back to pre-Hispanic times. In this study, we employ an interdisciplinary approach [...] Read more.
This article examines the agrarian landscape in one part of the southern Andes (Quebrada of Humahuaca, Jujuy, Argentina). The region possesses extensive and well-preserved archaeological remains of agricultural systems, which stretch back to pre-Hispanic times. In this study, we employ an interdisciplinary approach in our analysis of the components that structure the agrarian landscape, especially those historical processes that intervened in its formation. The creation of a cartographic base, built from remote sensing and fieldwork data, allowed for the identification of four principal components of the landscape, each of which correspond to distinct phases or periods that mark the region’s history. Our study shows that, in contrast to what is observed in many other rural areas, the successive productive dynamics that developed in the area did not result in the destruction of previous productive structures. Rather, the agrarian landscape in the study area presents a multi-temporal agglutinating combination or composition, which transcends historical discontinuities in the productive matrix. This is owing to the partial reutilisation of previous structures in each period; however, religious and cultural factors play an important role. The agrarian landscape we studied is not only a passive result of human activity, but also a force influencing the productive and lifestyle decisions of the peasant populations that live there today. Our research amplifies the understanding of agrarian landscapes in the Andes and shows how past temporalities are articulated with the present through a dialectical process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology)
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16 pages, 2863 KiB  
Article
Using Fuzzy Logic to Analyze the Spatial Distribution of Pottery in Unstratified Archaeological Sites: The Case of the Pobedim Hillfort (Slovakia)
by Anna Tirpáková, Jana Vojteková, Matej Vojtek and Ivona Vlkolinská
Land 2021, 10(2), 103; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/land10020103 - 22 Jan 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2032
Abstract
The aim of this article is to analyze the spatial clustering of pottery finds based on their occurrence at different depths in the Pobedim hillfort archaeological site (Western Slovakia), without reference to stratigraphic data. Two fuzzy sets methods (fuzzy linear function and fuzzy [...] Read more.
The aim of this article is to analyze the spatial clustering of pottery finds based on their occurrence at different depths in the Pobedim hillfort archaeological site (Western Slovakia), without reference to stratigraphic data. Two fuzzy sets methods (fuzzy linear function and fuzzy gamma operator) were used to analyze the distribution of Slavic pottery from the 9th century AD at six sectors (I–VI) located at the acropolis of the Pobedim hillfort in terms of their occurrence at different depths, their quantity at different depths, and the number of excavation pits. Using the mentioned fuzzy set methods, significant clusters of pottery were found in two sectors of the Pobedim site (sectors I and II). The results were compared with those obtained in previous research at this site, where the method of spatial autocorrelation was used. It was found that the most significant squares identified with the use of fuzzy set theory coincide with 14 squares where autocorrelation also found significant concentrations of pottery. However, the most significant squares identified by fuzzy methods (in the range 0.7–1) in all sectors of the Pobedim hillfort were 16% less than those identified by the positive spatial autocorrelation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology)
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19 pages, 3146 KiB  
Article
Scientific Mapping on the Impact of Climate Change on Cultural and Natural Heritage: A Systematic Scientometric Analysis
by Claudia Patricia Maldonado-Erazo, José Álvarez-García, María de la Cruz del Río-Rama and Amador Durán-Sánchez
Land 2021, 10(1), 76; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/land10010076 - 15 Jan 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3560
Abstract
The world’s cultural and natural heritage has been gradually affected by climate change, and although the research agendas of many countries have included this reality since 2003, there is still an incipient approach to it, with analysis techniques used being limited. In addition, [...] Read more.
The world’s cultural and natural heritage has been gradually affected by climate change, and although the research agendas of many countries have included this reality since 2003, there is still an incipient approach to it, with analysis techniques used being limited. In addition, there are very few case studies that describe in detail the adaptation processes of spaces to these new conditions. The aim of this research is to identify the scientific production related to the impact of climate change on cultural and natural heritage indexed in the international databases Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), which will enable to establish maturity of the research on this subject. The methodology used for the analysis of the data obtained is bibliometric analysis; evaluative and relational measures are applied to a set of 78 articles (45 in Scopus and 33 in WoS) and to a joint base of 47 articles after deleting those articles that overlap in both databases. The result is a scientific mapping that enables observing of the evolution of knowledge generation in this field of study. The main findings show that research is incipient, with a large presence of transient authors with a single publication, the research is limited to the geographical scope of Europe and North America, neglecting many other areas, the impact which is measured by the citation of articles is very low, the relational measures corroborate that the thematic approach is new by identifying a high presence of isolated relationships among authors. The results obtained will be very useful for researchers working in this scientific area, as they can find a synthesis of scientific production in this document, allowing them to draw their own conclusions regarding the current gaps in research; constituting the starting point of their research, with the aim of filling these gaps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology)
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Review

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17 pages, 3951 KiB  
Review
The Role of Cultural Heritage in Promoting Urban Sustainability: A Brief Review
by Sanober Naheed and Salman Shooshtarian
Land 2022, 11(9), 1508; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/land11091508 - 08 Sep 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3862
Abstract
Cities are hubs of social and cultural activity, and culture is key to what makes cities creative, and sustainable. The Post-2015 Development Agenda has prioritized culture and how it may help people and communities create the future they desire. The study aims to [...] Read more.
Cities are hubs of social and cultural activity, and culture is key to what makes cities creative, and sustainable. The Post-2015 Development Agenda has prioritized culture and how it may help people and communities create the future they desire. The study aims to determine the link between cultural heritage and urban sustainability and how multidisciplinary education can help organize urban issues. The article is of relevance to the emerging multicultural urban society with wide socio-economic disparities straining the global urban resilience and posing a challenge for future policy implementation. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Dimension database, and the results were analyzed using VOS viewer. The study also employed the PRISMA quantitative approach for selection criteria. This paper has identified understudied themes including community heritage, sustainable urban governance, and behavioral and multidisciplinary approaches. It is strongly felt that undertaking this study will not only add to the literature in cultural heritage study but also help further multidisciplinary and knowledge-based inquiry, which is currently evolving in the academic domain. Therefore, urban academics have a duty to resolve the issue confronting global urban sustainability and cultural disputes. Future research is required to simplify the current complex issue to make it more relevant and inclusive. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Cultural Heritage: Landscapes and Archaeology)
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