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Metabolites
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The Relations of Physical Activity and Metabolic Diseases
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The Relations of Physical Activity and Metabolic Diseases

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Integrative Metabolomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 6427

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Heikki Kainulainen

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35 (Viveca), 40014 Jyväskylän yliopisto, Finland
Interests: physical activity; obesity; diabetes; cardiovascular disease; aerobic metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increased physical activity—whether inherited or acquired—has been connected for decades to better health, the quality of aging, and even longevity. Vice versa, low exercise capacity is a high-risk factor for developing metabolic disorders and disease, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Omics-based technologies have provided novel avenues to study the mechanistic links between physical activity and health or disease. However, there are still a lot of open questions that warrant further research.

This Special Issue of Metabolites is dedicated to original research articles and reviews exploiting omics-based data, including metabolomics, to resolve open questions on the relations of physical activity and health or disease, e.g., what the networks and mechanisms are of different modalities of physical activity to health and aging, what the mechanisms of individual responses to physical activity are, and what the relevance of interaction of muscle, adipose tissue, liver, brain, and other tissues is. Further, articles linking microbiome, physical activity, and health are most welcome.

Prof. Dr. Heikki Kainulainen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolome
  • omics
  • physical activity
  • exercise
  • metabolic disease
  • obesity
  • health
  • microbiome
  • skeletal muscle

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 414 KiB  
Article
Accelerometer-Based Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Serum Metabolome in Young Men
by Jani P. Vaara, Heikki Kyröläinen, Tommi Vasankari, Heikki Kainulainen, Jani Raitanen and Urho M Kujala
Metabolites 2022, 12(8), 700; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/metabo12080700 - 27 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2022
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has been shown to associate with many health benefits but studies with metabolome-wide associations with PA are still lacking. Metabolome studies may deepen the mechanistic understanding of PA on the metabolic pathways related to health outcomes. The aim of the [...] Read more.
Physical activity (PA) has been shown to associate with many health benefits but studies with metabolome-wide associations with PA are still lacking. Metabolome studies may deepen the mechanistic understanding of PA on the metabolic pathways related to health outcomes. The aim of the present study was to study the association of accelerometer based sedentary time (SB) and PA with metabolome measures. SB and PA were measured by a hip-worn accelerometer in 314 young adult men (age: mean 28, standard deviation 7 years). Metabolome was analyzed from fasting serum samples consisting of 66 metabolome measures (nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics). The associations were analyzed using a single and compositional approach with regression analysis. The compositional analysis revealed that 4 metabolome variables were significantly (γ: 0.32–0.44, p ≤ 0.002), and 13 variables with a trend towards significance (p < 0.05), associated with SB with varying metabolic pathways. Trends towards significant associations (p < 0.05) were observed with 5 variables with moderate-to-vigorous and 1 variable with light intensity PA with varying metabolic pathways. The present study revealed possible mechanistic pathways relevant for the interaction between especially SB but also PA of moderate-to-vigorous intensity with ketone bodies and amino acid concentration related to exercised-induced energy production and lipid metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Relations of Physical Activity and Metabolic Diseases)
18 pages, 1995 KiB  
Article
Exercise Regulates the Metabolic Homeostasis of Methamphetamine Dependence
by Xue Li, Kefeng Li, Zhicheng Zhu, Yu Jin, Zhanle Gao, Jisheng Xu and Li Zhang
Metabolites 2022, 12(7), 606; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/metabo12070606 - 29 Jun 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2203
Abstract
Physical exercise is effective in enhancing cognitive function, reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms, reducing cravings, and improving quality of life in methamphetamine (METH) addiction. However, little is known about the effect of exercise on metabolic profiles. We performed LC/MS-based targeted metabolic profiling on [...] Read more.
Physical exercise is effective in enhancing cognitive function, reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms, reducing cravings, and improving quality of life in methamphetamine (METH) addiction. However, little is known about the effect of exercise on metabolic profiles. We performed LC/MS-based targeted metabolic profiling on serum samples to investigate the metabolic characteristics of METH dependence and find the differences between METH-dependent individuals and nonusers and evaluated the metabolomic profiles of individuals with METH dependence following aerobic exercise training. We identified a total of 201 metabolites, among which 115 were differentially expressed under METH use. Among the differentially regulated metabolites, 72 were selected as potential biomarkers. Further analysis identified 19 pathways, among which glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; and citrate cycle were most significantly affected by METH. The aerobic exercise intervention differentially regulated 55 metabolites, of which 51 were selected as potential biomarkers and were mainly enriched in 10 pathways. Interestingly, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism and nitrogen metabolism were the remarkably affected pathways. Furthermore, METH increased the serum levels of glutamate and decreased GABA, whereas exercise decreased the serum levels of glutamate and increased GABA. Results suggested that METH dependency disturbed normal metabolic homeostasis, whereas exercise restored metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Relations of Physical Activity and Metabolic Diseases)
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11 pages, 1149 KiB  
Article
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Gestational Diabetes: Analysis of Maternal Serum and Cord Blood Pairs and Comparison of Dietary- and Insulin-Dependent GDM
by Michael Robert Jaskolski, Anna Katharina Diedrich, Alexandru Odainic, Susanne Viktoria Schmidt, Marie-Therese Schmitz, Brigitte Strizek, Ulrich Gembruch, Waltraut Maria Merz and Anne Flöck
Metabolites 2022, 12(6), 482; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/metabo12060482 - 26 May 2022
Viewed by 1734
Abstract
The Objective of our study was to investigate the influence of dietary (dGDM) and insulin-dependent (iGDM) gestational diabetes (GDM) on BDNF blood levels of corresponding maternal-neonatal pairs and compare them to pregnancies unaffected by GDM. Blood samples from 293 maternal-neonatal pairs were analyzed. [...] Read more.
The Objective of our study was to investigate the influence of dietary (dGDM) and insulin-dependent (iGDM) gestational diabetes (GDM) on BDNF blood levels of corresponding maternal-neonatal pairs and compare them to pregnancies unaffected by GDM. Blood samples from 293 maternal-neonatal pairs were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple regression analysis for association of log-transformed maternal and neonatal BDNF levels in relation to GDM, gestational age, neonatal sex, and mode of delivery. This was followed by a 2:1 matching of healthy and diabetic pairs. Maternal and neonatal BDNF levels were lowest in the iGDM group, followed by the dGDM group and healthy controls (maternal: healthy 665 ± 562 (26–2343) pg/mL vs. dGDM 593 ± 446 (25–1522) pg/mL vs. iGDM 541 ± 446 (68–2184) pg/mL; neonate: healthy 541 ± 464 (9.5–2802) pg/mL vs. dGDM 375 ± 342 (1–1491) pg/mL vs. iGDM 330 ± 326 (47–1384) pg/mL). After multiple regression analysis and additional 2:1 matching neonatal log-BDNF was significantly lower (−152.05 pg/mL, p = 0.027) in neonates of mothers with GDM compared to healthy pairs; maternal log-BDNF was also lower (−79.6 pg/mL), but did not reach significance. Our study is the first to analyze BDNF in matched maternal-neonatal pairs of GDM patients compared to a metabolically unaffected control group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Relations of Physical Activity and Metabolic Diseases)
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