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Lignocellulosic Biomass III
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Lignocellulosic Biomass III

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecular Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 2244

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Alejandro Rodríguez Pascual

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus of Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Interests: biorefinery; cellulose; lignin; lignocellulosic residues; nanocellulose; biobased; biomaterials; paper; papermaking; packaging; biocomposites; environmental remediation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Eduardo Espinosa Víctor

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba, Building Marie-Curie, Campus of Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Interests: biorefinery; lignocellulosic materials; nanocellulose; biomaterials; papermaking; packaging; biopolymers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Carlos Orestes Martin Medina

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, N-2317 Hamar, Norway
2. Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90 187 Umeå, Sweden
Interests: lignocellulosic materials; pretreatment; enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose; biorefineries; biochemical conversion of lignocellulose; cellulosic ethanol; biofuels
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence of concepts and production models such as the bioeconomy and circular economy mark the path along which society must redirect its course to achieve real sustainable development.

Implementation and continuous development of the bio- and circular economy in most sectors of industry and society can ensure an improved quality of life, both now and for future generations. In maintaining this paradigm, the scientific community plays a very important role in generating the basic knowledge that gives rise to technology and allows developments in the laboratory to be transferred to society.

The integral valorization of lignocellulosic biomass is a fundamental pillar of sustainable development. The transformation of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of materials, energy, platform molecules, and chemicals through sustainable, scalable, and economically viable processes is a current challenge for the scientific community and other relevant stakeholders.

Following the success of the SI (Special Issue) "Lignocellulosic Biomass" and "Lignocellulosic Biomass II", we are pleased to launch the third new SI titled "Lignocellulosic Biomass III". Similarly, the aim of this third Special Issue is to compile the latest advances in the characterization, transformation, and application of lignocellulosic biomass and its by-products. The continuous progress and the high degree of innovation in this area in recent times make it necessary to periodically review these advances in order to serve as a reference for researchers interested in this area.

Prof. Dr. Alejandro Rodríguez Pascual
Dr. Eduardo Espinosa Víctor
Prof. Dr. Carlos Orestes Martin Medina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biocomposites
  • bioeconomy
  • bioenergy
  • biofuels
  • plant biomass
  • biopolymers
  • biorefinery
  • cellulose
  • wood chemistry
  • circular economy
  • lignocellulose conversion
  • hemicelluloses
  • lignin
  • nanocellulose
  • natural compounds
  • lignocellulose pretreatment
  • carbohydrates
  • biomass valorization

Related Special Issues

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2601 KiB  
Article
Açai Seeds (Euterpe oleracea Mart) Are Agroindustrial Waste with High Potential to Produce Low-Cost Substrates after Acid Hydrolysis
by Willen Silva Igreja, Luiza Helena da Silva Martins, Rafaela Rodrigues de Almeida, Johnatt Allan Rocha de Oliveira, Alessandra Santos Lopes and Renan Campos Chisté
Molecules 2023, 28(18), 6661; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules28186661 - 16 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 757
Abstract
Açai seeds have been discarded improperly around the Amazonia region, but they can be seen as promising low-cost substrates for fermentation processes. The structural carbohydrates and physicochemical characterization of açai seeds from the Amazonia were assessed followed by the determination of the optimal [...] Read more.
Açai seeds have been discarded improperly around the Amazonia region, but they can be seen as promising low-cost substrates for fermentation processes. The structural carbohydrates and physicochemical characterization of açai seeds from the Amazonia were assessed followed by the determination of the optimal hydrolysis conditions using H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) to obtain a liquor with high contents of simple carbohydrates and low levels of potential microbial inhibitors usually generated during acid hydrolysis of carbohydrates. A central composite rotational design was carried out varying the concentrations of diluted acid (0–5%, w/v), solids (0.1–25%, w/v), and hydrolysis time (9.5–110 min). Acid hydrolysis with H2SO4 was more effective in producing reducing sugars (15.9–103.1 g/L) than H3PO4 (2.9–33.9 g/L) during optimization. The optimal hydrolysis conditions with H2SO4 were 3.5% of acid (w/v), 25% of solids during 70 min at 121 °C, which provided a liquor with 55 g/L of reducing sugars and low levels of microbial inhibitors: acetic acid (1.8 g/L), hydroxymethyl furfural (338 mg/L), and furfural (10 mg/L). Thus, açai seeds were characterized as promising agroindustrial waste with high potential to be used as a low-cost substrate in biotechnological processes, comprising relevant environmental and bioeconomic aspects for the development of the Amazonia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lignocellulosic Biomass III)
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25 pages, 7725 KiB  
Article
Mathematical Modelling and Optimization for Facile Synthesis of Structured Activated Carbon (ACs) from Adansonia kilima (Baobab) Wood Chips Integrating Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis for the Elimination of Lead (II) Cations from Wastewater Effluents
by Santhana Sellamuthu, Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Khalisanni Khalid, Shahjalal Mohd. Shibly, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Masud Rana, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, H. M. T. Khaleed, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Mohd. Rafie Bin Johan, Mohamed Hussein, Ajita Mitra and Abu Nasser Faisal
Molecules 2023, 28(18), 6640; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules28186640 - 15 Sep 2023
Viewed by 780
Abstract
In this research, activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from ligno-cellulosic residues of Adansonia kilima (Baobab) wood chips (AKTW) using two-step semi-carbonization and subsequent pyrolysis using microwave-induced heating (MWP) in the presence of a mild activating agent of K2CO3. The [...] Read more.
In this research, activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from ligno-cellulosic residues of Adansonia kilima (Baobab) wood chips (AKTW) using two-step semi-carbonization and subsequent pyrolysis using microwave-induced heating (MWP) in the presence of a mild activating agent of K2CO3. The influence of process input variables of microwave power (x1), residence time (y1), and amount of K2CO3 (z1) were analysed to yield superior quality carbon having maximum removal efficiencies (R1) for lead (II) cations from waste effluents, fixed carbon percentages (R2), and carbon yield percentages (R3). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to develop relevant mathematical models, with an appropriate statistical assessment of errors. Level factorial response surface methodology (RSM) relying on the Box–Behnken design (BBD) was implemented for the experimental design. The surface area and porous texture of the samples were determined using Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) adsorption/desorption curves based on the N2 isotherm. Surface morphological structure was observed using field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM) analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to observe the thermal stability of the sample. Change in the carbon content of the samples was determined using ultimate analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to observe the crystalline and amorphous texture of the samples. The retention of a higher proportion of fixed carbon (80.01%) ensures that the synthesized adsorbent (AKTWAC) will have a greater adsorption capacity while avoiding unwanted catalytic activity for our synthesized final sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lignocellulosic Biomass III)
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Review

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19 pages, 1753 KiB  
Review
The Future of Graphene: Preparation from Biomass Waste and Sports Applications
by Yueting Wu, Yanlong Li and Xiangyang Zhang
Molecules 2024, 29(8), 1825; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules29081825 - 17 Apr 2024
Viewed by 399
Abstract
At present, the main raw material for producing graphene is graphite ore. However, researchers actively seek alternative resources due to their high cost and environmental problems. Biomass waste has attracted much attention due to its carbon-rich structure and renewability, emerging as a potential [...] Read more.
At present, the main raw material for producing graphene is graphite ore. However, researchers actively seek alternative resources due to their high cost and environmental problems. Biomass waste has attracted much attention due to its carbon-rich structure and renewability, emerging as a potential raw material for graphene production to be used in sports equipment. However, further progress is required on the quality of graphene produced from waste biomass. This paper, therefore, summarizes the properties, structures, and production processes of graphene and its derivatives, as well as the inherent advantages of biomass waste-derived graphene. Finally, this paper reviews graphene’s importance and application prospects in sports since this wonder material has made sports equipment available with high-strength and lightweight quality. Moreover, its outstanding thermal and electrical conductivity is exploited to prepare wearable sensors to collect more accurate sports data, thus helping to improve athletes’ training levels and competitive performance. Although the large-scale production of biomass waste-derived graphene has yet to be realized, it is expected that its application will expand to various other fields due to the associated low cost and environmental friendliness of the preparation technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lignocellulosic Biomass III)
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