New Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors Research and Development: Sword for Antimicrobial Resistance

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "The Global Need for Effective Antibiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 688

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Antimicrobial Research Group, Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, UK
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; novel antimicrobial agents; β-lactamases; MDR Gram-negative infections; rapid diagnostics; precision antimicrobial chemotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The evolution and spread of β-lactamases in Gram-negative bacteria present challenges in the treatment of many infections for which β-lactams (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems) are employed. The combination of a β-lactam (BL) with a β-lactamase inhibitor (BLI) is a proven strategy to address this problem. In recent years, there have been efforts to design novel BLIs (diazobicyclooctanes, boronic acids) and to repurpose older drugs (clavulanate, tazobactam, sulbactam) in novel therapeutic combinations.

Although a number of new BL/BLI preparations are entering clinical application (ceftazidime/avibactam, ceftolozone/tazobactam, imipenem/relebactam, meropenem/vaborbactam), these are already compromised by the emergence of resistance. Most also lack useful activity against key MDR pathogens (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas) and do not inhibit the metallo-β-lactamases (NDM, IMP, VIM) responsible for carbapenem resistance.

In this Special Issue, we seek manuscripts that review or provide insights into the development or repurposing of novel or existing BL/BLI combination therapies. This may include articles on chemical and biochemical activity, the mechanisms of genotypic and phenotypic resistance, regional epidemiological surveillance studies, in vitro susceptibility testing and diagnostics, PK/PD analyses and dosing strategies, clinical outcome studies and case reports.

Dr. David Wareham
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobials
  • β-lactams
  • β-lactamase inhibitors
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • epidemiology
  • surveillance
  • antimicrobial chemotherapy
  • gram-negative infections

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1269 KiB  
Article
Revisiting the Checkerboard to Inform Development of β-Lactam/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations
by Darren J. Bentley
Antibiotics 2024, 13(4), 337; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics13040337 - 07 Apr 2024
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Abstract
A two-dimensional “checkerboard” array employing systematic titration (e.g., serial two-fold dilutions) is a well-established in vitro method for exploring the antibacterial effects of novel drug combinations. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) on the checkerboard are isoeffective points at which the antibiotic potency is the [...] Read more.
A two-dimensional “checkerboard” array employing systematic titration (e.g., serial two-fold dilutions) is a well-established in vitro method for exploring the antibacterial effects of novel drug combinations. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) on the checkerboard are isoeffective points at which the antibiotic potency is the same. Representations of checkerboard MIC curves for a β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combination are used in hypothetical “thought experiments” and reveal the ways in which current practices can be improved. Because different types of response (i.e., independence vs. additivity vs. one effective agent; interaction vs. noninteraction) produce different MIC curves, data from different strains/isolates should not be pooled indiscriminately, as the composition of a pooled dataset will influence any derived pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) index. Because the β-lactamase inhibitor threshold concentration (CT) parameter is a function of the β-lactam partner dosing regimen, it is not possible to derive a universal PK/PD index target based on CT. Alternative susceptibility testing methods represent different planes through the checkerboard; a fixed ratio method is less prone to bias for all β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations. Susceptibility test MICs will often not reflect the sensitivity of the strain/isolate to the β-lactamase inhibitor, so the use of these MICs to normalize PK/PD indices is inappropriate. Full article
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