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Microgrid Design and Operation for Carbon Emission Reductions

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 8523

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek, K. Trpimira 2B, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
Interests: electricity market; power system analysis; power system optimization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology, Osijek, Croatia
Interests: renewable energy sources; energy efficiency; photovoltaics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

In order to ensure active management of distribution networks, a new concept called microgrids has been introduced. Microgrids, as the building blocks of a smart grid, combine the control possibilities of distributed renewable energy sources (RES), energy storage devices, and load management. Microgrids with renewable energy sources are part of sustainable development and can reduce carbon emissions. In addition, the optimizations of electric vehicle (EV) charging management in microgrids, in accordance with energy production from RES, can provide maximal engagement of clean energy for transportation purposes.

This Special Issue aims to collect research articles devoted to the design and operation of microgrids, providing a significant carbon emission reduction.

As the guest editors, we are pleased to invite you to submit your relevant research results that will be considered for publication in the Energies Special Issue on “Microgrid Design and Operation for Carbon Emission Reductions”.

The topics to be addressed in the Special Issue include (but are not limited to):

  • Hybrid system operation planning for CO2 emission minimization;
  • Energy efficiency improvement in microgrids;
  • Clean energy storage systems;
  • Renewable energy sources based off-grid power system design;
  • Utilizations of renewable energy sources for supplying EV charging stations;
  • Lifecycle analysis of EVs;
  • Influence of EV charging station penetration on microgrid operation.

Dr. Goran Knežević
Dr. Danijel Topić
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microgrid
  • renewable energy sources
  • energy storage systems
  • microgrid operation planning
  • EV charging stations
  • energy efficiency
  • load management
  • microgrid design
  • lifecycle analysis
  • electric vehicles
  • carbon emission reduction

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 492 KiB  
Article
Planning and Operational Aspects of Individual and Clustered Multi-Energy Microgrid Options
by Matija Kostelac, Lin Herenčić and Tomislav Capuder
Energies 2022, 15(4), 1317; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15041317 - 11 Feb 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1791
Abstract
With the restructuring of the power system, household-level end users are becoming more prominent participants by integrating renewable energy sources and smart devices and becoming flexible prosumers. The use of microgrids is a way of aggregating local end users into a single entity [...] Read more.
With the restructuring of the power system, household-level end users are becoming more prominent participants by integrating renewable energy sources and smart devices and becoming flexible prosumers. The use of microgrids is a way of aggregating local end users into a single entity and catering for the consumption needs of shareholders. Various microgrid architectures are the result of the local energy community following different decarbonisation strategies and are frequently not optimised in terms of size, technology or other influential factors for energy systems. This paper discusses the operational and planning aspects of three different microgrid setups, looking at them as individual market participants within a local electricity market. This kind of implementation enables mutual trade between microgrids without additional charges, where they can provide flexibility and balance for one another. The developed models take into account multiple uncertainties arising from photovoltaic production, day-ahead electricity prices and electricity load. A total number of nine case studies and sensitivity analyses are presented, from daily operation to the annual planning perspective. The systematic study of different microgrid setups, operational principles/goals and cooperation mechanisms provides a clear understanding of operational and planning benefits: the electrification strategy of decarbonising microgrids outperforms gas and hydrogen technologies by a significant margin. The value of coupling different types of multi-energy microgrids, with the goal of joint market participation, was not proven to be better on a yearly level compared to the operation of same technology-type microgrids. Additional analyses focus on introducing distribution and transmission fees to an MG cooperation model and allow us to come to the conclusion of there being a minor impact on the overall operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microgrid Design and Operation for Carbon Emission Reductions)
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11 pages, 1515 KiB  
Article
Modeling of the Off-Grid PV-Wind-Battery System Regarding Value of Loss of Load Probability
by Rebeka Raff, Velimir Golub, Goran Knežević and Danijel Topić
Energies 2022, 15(3), 795; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15030795 - 22 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1575
Abstract
The paper presents an optimized off-grid photovoltaic (PV)-wind battery model that considers the value of loss of load probability (LOLP). The optimum combination of all model components: wind turbines, PV panels, batteries and electrical load for the City of Osijek using MATLAB software [...] Read more.
The paper presents an optimized off-grid photovoltaic (PV)-wind battery model that considers the value of loss of load probability (LOLP). The optimum combination of all model components: wind turbines, PV panels, batteries and electrical load for the City of Osijek using MATLAB software is defined. The examined data are based on measured load values for the residential home. For values of LOLP in the range from 0.00 to 0.10 in steps of 0.01, optimal size of the presented system has been determined. In order to determine the optimal model, investment costs were taken into account in comparison with various LOLP values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microgrid Design and Operation for Carbon Emission Reductions)
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20 pages, 2019 KiB  
Article
Optimal Microgrid–Interactive Reactive Power Management for Day–Ahead Operation
by Martha N. Acosta, Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt, Danijel Topić and Manuel A. Andrade
Energies 2021, 14(5), 1275; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051275 - 25 Feb 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2193
Abstract
The replacement of conventional generation sources by DER creates the need to carefully manage the reactive power maintaining the power system safe operation. The principal trend is to increase the DER volume connected to the distribution network in the coming years. Therefore, the [...] Read more.
The replacement of conventional generation sources by DER creates the need to carefully manage the reactive power maintaining the power system safe operation. The principal trend is to increase the DER volume connected to the distribution network in the coming years. Therefore, the microgrid represents an alternative to offer reactive power management due to excellent controllability features embedded in the DER, which enable effective interaction between the microgrid and the distribution network. This paper proposes a microgrid–iterative reactive power management approach of power-electronic converter based renewable technologies for day-ahead operation. It is designed to be a centralised control based on local measurements, which provides the optimal reactive power dispatch and minimise the total energy losses inside the microgrid and maintain the voltage profile within operational limits. The proposed optimal-centralised control is contrasted against seven local reactive power controls using a techno-economic approach considering the steady–state voltage profile, the energy losses, and the reactive power costs as performance metrics. Three different reactive power pricing are proposed. The numerical results demonstrate the optimal microgrid–interactive reactive power management is the most suitable techno-economic reactive power control for the day–ahead operation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microgrid Design and Operation for Carbon Emission Reductions)
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17 pages, 7468 KiB  
Article
Fast Power Emulation Approach to the Operation of Photovoltaic Power Plants Made of Different Module Technologies
by Denis Pelin, Matej Žnidarec, Damir Šljivac and Andrej Brandis
Energies 2020, 13(22), 5957; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13225957 - 15 Nov 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1905
Abstract
This paper gives a comprehensive approach to the emulation of photovoltaic (PV) plants made of different module technologies as well as varying peak power through the advanced fast PV power emulation technique. Even though PVs are recognized as a technology for CO2 [...] Read more.
This paper gives a comprehensive approach to the emulation of photovoltaic (PV) plants made of different module technologies as well as varying peak power through the advanced fast PV power emulation technique. Even though PVs are recognized as a technology for CO2 emissions mitigation, the proposed emulation technique provides the opportunity to replicate PV plant operation without a carbon footprint because of its working principle. The process of PV power plant emulation consists of several stages which are described in detail. An algorithm for determining PV power plant configuration based on the technical characteristics of the PV emulation system equipment is developed and presented, as well as an algorithm for preparing data on the current–voltage (i–v) characteristics used as input data into programmable sources that mimic the power plant PV array. A case study of a single day operation of PV power plants made of two different topologies and technologies was carried out with the fast PV power emulation approach and the results are evaluated and presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microgrid Design and Operation for Carbon Emission Reductions)
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