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Emerging Roles of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 15348

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andrey S. Drozdov

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Guest Editor

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow Region, Russia
Interests: Nanomaterials; biointerfaces; bioactive systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoparticles, nanostructured materials, and hybrid nanosystems are being intensively studied and, due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties, have found wide application in real practice for biomedical applications. Starting with one of the oldest clinically applied liposome nanotechnologies, nanobiomedicine has attracted significant attention from the scientific community and industry. The rapid development of nanotechnology in recent decades has made it possible to precisely control interactions between nanomaterials and biological systems from macro- to micro- and molecular levels, paving the way for the next generations of functional bioactive nanomaterials, such as actively targeted drug delivery systems, DNA nanorobots, smart nanotherapeutic agents and extremely sensitive nanostructured analytical systems.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, titled “Emerging Roles of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications”, aims to highlight original ideas, hot topics, and the latest advances in design, synthesis and biomedical applications of nanomaterials. Original articles describing advanced nanosystems with an appropriate level of proof-of-concept for in vitro or in vivo applications will be considered.

Dr. Andrey S. Drozdov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Nanomaterials
Targeted delivery
Stimuli-responsive materials
Nanorobots
Diagnostics
Therapy
Nanotoxicology
Detection

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 29289 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Beneficial Effects of Tamarind Trypsin Inhibitor in Chitosan–Whey Protein Nanoparticles on Hepatic Injury Induced High Glycemic Index Diet: A Preclinical Study

by Ana J. F. C. Aguiar, Jaluza L. C. de Queiroz, Pedro P. A. Santos, Christina S. Camillo, Alexandre C. Serquiz, Izael S. Costa, Gerciane S. Oliveira, Ana F. T. Gomes, Lídia L. R. Matias, Rafael O. A. Costa, Thaís S. Passos and Ana H. A. Morais

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(18), 9968; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22189968 - 15 Sep 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3074

Abstract

Several studies have sought new therapies for obesity and liver diseases. This study investigated the effect of the trypsin inhibitor isolated from tamarind seeds (TTI), nanoencapsulated in chitosan and whey protein isolate (ECW), on the liver health status of the Wistar rats fed with a high glycemic index (HGLI) diet. The nanoformulations without TTI (CW) and ECW were obtained by nanoprecipitation technique, physically and chemically characterized, and then administered to the animals. The adult male Wistar rats (n = 20) were allocated to four groups: HGLI diet + water; standard diet + water; HGLI diet + ECW (12.5 mg/kg); and HGLI diet + CW (10.0 mg/kg), 1 mL per gagave, for ten days. They were evaluated using biochemical and hematological parameters, Fibrosis-4 Index for Liver Fibrosis (FIB-4), AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) scores, and liver morphology. Both nanoparticles presented spherical shape, smooth surface, and nanometric size [120.7 nm (ECW) and 136.4 nm (CW)]. In animals, ECW reduced (p < 0.05) blood glucose (17%), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (39%), and alkaline phosphatase (24%). Besides, ECW reduced (p < 0.05) APRI and FIB-4 scores and presented a better aspect of hepatic morphology. ECW promoted benefits over a liver injury caused by the HGLI diet. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Roles of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications)

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Graphical abstract

14 pages, 4648 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Magnetically Controlled Carbonate Nanocomposite with Ciprofloxacin for Biofilm Eradication

by Viktoriya Rumyantceva, Valeriya Rumyantceva, Yulia Andreeva, Sofia Tsvetikova, Anton Radaev, Maria Vishnevskaya, Vladimir Vinogradov, Andrey S. Drozdov and Elena Koshel

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(12), 6187; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22126187 - 08 Jun 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2210

Abstract

Biofilms are the reason for a vast majority of chronic inflammation cases and most acute inflammation. The treatment of biofilms still is a complicated task due to the low efficiency of drug delivery and high resistivity of the involved bacteria to harmful factors. Here we describe a magnetically controlled nanocomposite with a stimuli-responsive release profile based on calcium carbonate and magnetite with an encapsulated antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) that can be used to solve this problem. The material magnetic properties allowed targeted delivery, accumulation, and penetration of the composite in the biofilm, as well as the rapid triggered release of the entrapped antibiotic. Under the influence of an RF magnetic field with a frequency of 210 kHz, the composite underwent a phase transition from vaterite into calcite and promoted the release of ciprofloxacin. The effectiveness of the composite was tested against formed biofilms of E. coli and S. aureus and showed a 71% reduction in E. coli biofilm biomass and an 85% reduction in S. aureus biofilms. The efficiency of the composite with entrapped ciprofloxacin was higher than for the free antibiotic in the same concentration, up to 72%. The developed composite is a promising material for the treatment of biofilm-associated inflammations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Roles of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications)

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Review

Jump to: Research

28 pages, 2710 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Application of Nanoparticles in Diagnosis and Treatment of Kidney Diseases

by Patrycja Paluszkiewicz, Adrian Martuszewski, Natalia Zaręba, Kamila Wala, Mirosław Banasik and Marta Kepinska

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(1), 131; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms23010131 - 23 Dec 2021

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4132

Abstract

Nanomedicine is currently showing great promise for new methods of diagnosing and treating many diseases, particularly in kidney disease and transplantation. The unique properties of nanoparticles arise from the diversity of size effects, used to design targeted nanoparticles for specific cells or tissues, taking renal clearance and tubular secretion mechanisms into account. The design of surface particles on nanoparticles offers a wide range of possibilities, among which antibodies play an important role. Nanoparticles find applications in encapsulated drug delivery systems containing immunosuppressants and other drugs, in imaging, gene therapies and many other branches of medicine. They have the potential to revolutionize kidney transplantation by reducing and preventing ischemia–reperfusion injury, more efficiently delivering drugs to the graft site while avoiding systemic effects, accurately localizing and visualising the diseased site and enabling continuous monitoring of graft function. So far, there are known nanoparticles with no toxic effects on human tissue, although further studies are still needed to confirm their safety. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Roles of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications)

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27 pages, 1938 KiB

Open AccessReview

Nanomaterial Shape Influence on Cell Behavior

by Daniil V. Kladko, Aleksandra S. Falchevskaya, Nikita S. Serov and Artur Y. Prilepskii

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(10), 5266; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22105266 - 17 May 2021

Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4980

Abstract

Nanomaterials are proven to affect the biological activity of mammalian and microbial cells profoundly. Despite this fact, only surface chemistry, charge, and area are often linked to these phenomena. Moreover, most attention in this field is directed exclusively at nanomaterial cytotoxicity. At the same time, there is a large body of studies showing the influence of nanomaterials on cellular metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, reprogramming, gene transfer, and many other processes. Furthermore, it has been revealed that in all these cases, the shape of the nanomaterial plays a crucial role. In this paper, the mechanisms of nanomaterials shape control, approaches toward its synthesis, and the influence of nanomaterial shape on various biological activities of mammalian and microbial cells, such as proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism, as well as the prospects of this emerging field, are reviewed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Roles of Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications)

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