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Wheat Genome and Breeding

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 4388

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
USDA-ARS Crop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
Interests: crop improvement; genetics research

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The advent of whole-genome sequencing of hexaploid wheat coupling with precision mapping of genes of agronomic traits and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses are paving a fast lane for wheat breeders to improve wheat. To secure food supply to meet the need of world population, wheat production must be increased by an increase of 1.7% per annum to deliver 1 billion tons of grain in 2050. This goal could not be achieved by just preventing the yield loss due to biotic and abiotic stresses. It must be accomplished by increasing grain yield simultaneously. Therefore, wheat breeders need to keep abreast of new advancement in molecular sciences on yield traits as well as tolerance to various stresses. Genomic selection will be practiced by wheat breeders with collaboration from colleagues of molecular specialties. Therefore, studies reporting new discoveries and latest status of molecular information on wheat yield components, quality traits, and stress tolerance will be included in this Special Issue.

Dr. Richard R.-C. Wang
Dr. Steven S. Xu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • breeding
  • chromosome
  • gene mapping
  • genome
  • marker-assisted-selection
  • stress tolerance
  • yield component

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 17287 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome Analysis of Roots from Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties in Response to Drought Stress
by Wei Xi, Chenyang Hao, Tian Li, Huajun Wang and Xueyong Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7245; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms24087245 - 14 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1990
Abstract
Under climate change, drought is one of the most limiting factors that influences wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. Exploring stress-related genes is vital for wheat breeding. To identify genes related to the drought tolerance response, two common wheat cultivars, Zhengmai 366 (ZM366) [...] Read more.
Under climate change, drought is one of the most limiting factors that influences wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. Exploring stress-related genes is vital for wheat breeding. To identify genes related to the drought tolerance response, two common wheat cultivars, Zhengmai 366 (ZM366) and Chuanmai 42 (CM42), were selected based on their obvious difference in root length under 15% PEG-6000 treatment. The root length of the ZM366 cultivar was significantly longer than that of CM42. Stress-related genes were identified by RNA-seq in samples treated with 15% PEG-6000 for 7 days. In total, 11,083 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (InDels) were identified. GO enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were mainly related to the response to water, acidic chemicals, oxygen-containing compounds, inorganic substances, and abiotic stimuli. Among the DEGs, the expression levels of 16 genes in ZM366 were higher than those in CM42 after the 15% PEG-6000 treatment based on RT-qPCR. Furthermore, EMS-induced mutants in Kronos (T. turgidum L.) of 4 representative DEGs possessed longer roots than the WT after the 15% PEG-6000 treatment. Altogether, the drought stress genes identified in this study represent useful gene resources for wheat breeding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat Genome and Breeding)
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16 pages, 2613 KiB  
Article
Genes Encoding Structurally Conserved Serpins in the Wheat Genome: Identification and Expression Profiles during Plant Development and Abiotic and Biotic Stress
by Chongmei Dong, Ting-Chun Huang and Thomas H. Roberts
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2707; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms24032707 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1559
Abstract
Serpins constitute a family of proteins with a very wide distribution in nature. Serpins have a well-conserved tertiary structure enabling irreversible protease inhibition or other specific biochemical functions. We examined the 189 putative wheat serpin genes previously identified by Benbow et al. (2019) [...] Read more.
Serpins constitute a family of proteins with a very wide distribution in nature. Serpins have a well-conserved tertiary structure enabling irreversible protease inhibition or other specific biochemical functions. We examined the 189 putative wheat serpin genes previously identified by Benbow et al. (2019) via analysis of gene annotations (RefSeq v1.0) and combined our previous examinations of wheat ESTs and the 454 genome assembly. We found that 81 of the 189 putative serpin genes, plus two manually annotated genes, encode full-length, structurally conserved serpins. Expression of these serpin genes during wheat development and disease/abiotic stress responses was analysed using a publicly available RNAseq database. Results showed that the wheat LR serpins, homologous to Arabidopsis AtSerpin1 and barley BSZx, are ubiquitously expressed across all tissues throughout the wheat lifecycle, whereas the expression of other wheat serpin genes is tissue-specific, including expression only in the grain, only in the root, and only in the anther and microspore. Nine serpin genes were upregulated in both biotic and abiotic responses. Two genes in particular were highly expressed during disease and abiotic challenges. Our findings provide valuable information for further functional study of the wheat serpins, which in turn may lead to their application as molecular markers in wheat breeding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wheat Genome and Breeding)
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