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Dear Colleagues,

As a common inflammatory disease of infectious origin with adverse consequences on oral health and systemic conditions, periodontitis management has been focused on specifically. Due to the limitations of current therapeutic strategies, the development of new drugs, compounds of natural or synthetic origins, and treatment protocols have been suggested over the last years. Furthermore, the characterization of molecular host and microbial responses to anti-microbial agents could allow for the better identification of therapeutic needs and modalities.

Expected submissions will cover the following topics:

The effect of new anti-microbial therapeutic strategies of periodontal treatment on microbial and inflammatory markers;
The development of new systems of drug delivery;
Molecular signatures of anti-microbial treatment response.

Dr. Jean-Luc Davideau
Dr. Olivier Huck
Guest Editors

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Keywords

periodontitis
periodontal treatments
periodontal pathogens
local anti-microbial drugs
antibiotics
anti-microbial peptides
inflammatory markers

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

16 pages, 2279 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Reciprocal Link between Oral, Gut Microbiota during Periodontitis: The Potential Role of Probiotics in Reducing Dysbiosis-Induced Inflammation

by Mattia Di Stefano, Simona Santonocito, Alessandro Polizzi, Rodolfo Mauceri, Giuseppe Troiano, Antonino Lo Giudice, Alessandra Romano, Marco Mascitti and Gaetano Isola

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(2), 1084; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms24021084 - 06 Jan 2023

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3658

Abstract

Human body is colonized by a florid microbial community of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, helminths, and viruses, known as microbiota, which co-evolves with the host and influences its health through all stages of its life. It is well known that oral microorganisms form highly structurally and functionally organized multi-species biofilms and establish a network of complex mutual inter-species interactions having a primary function in synergy, signaling, or antagonism. This ecological model allows the microorganisms to increase their resistance to antimicrobial agents and settle a balanced microbes-host symbiotic relationship that ensures oral and global health status in humans. The host-associated microbiome is an important factor in human health and disease. Therefore, to develop novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies, microbiome’s functions and the reciprocal interactions every microbiome entertains with other microbial communities in the human body are being investigated. This review provides an analysis of the literature about the close connection between the two largest microbial communities in humans: the oral and the gut microbiomes. Furthermore, it focuses on how the alteration of their microbial and functional characteristics can lead to and reciprocally influence the onset of both oral and intestinal microbiome-associated illness, along with the potential role of probiotics in ameliorating inflammation and microbial dysbiosis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Effects of Antimicrobials on Periodontitis)

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17 pages, 380 KiB

Open AccessReview

Selective Antimicrobial Therapies for Periodontitis: Win the “Battle and the War”

by Mahmoud Elashiry, Ana Carolina Morandini, Celine Joyce Cornelius Timothius, Mira Ghaly and Christopher W. Cutler

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(12), 6459; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms22126459 - 16 Jun 2021

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3540

Abstract

Traditional antimicrobial therapies for periodontitis (PD) have long focused on non-selective and direct approaches. Professional cleaning of the subgingival biofilm by instrumentation of dental root surfaces, known as scaling and root planning (SRP), is the mainstay of periodontal therapy and is indisputably effective. Non-physical approaches used as adjuncts to SRP, such as chemical and biological agents, will be the focus of this review. In this regard, traditional agents such as oral antiseptics and antibiotics, delivered either locally or systemically, were briefly reviewed as a backdrop. While generally effective in winning the “battle” against PD in the short term, by reducing its signs and symptoms, patients receiving such therapies are more susceptible to recurrence of PD. Moreover, the long-term consequences of such therapies are still in question. In particular, concern about chronic use of systemic antibiotics and their influence on the oral and gut microbiota is warranted, considering antibiotic resistance plasmids, and potential transfer between oral and non-oral microbes. In the interest of winning the “battle and the war”, new more selective and targeted antimicrobials and biologics for PD are being studied. These are principally indirect, blocking pathways involved in bacterial colonization, nutrient acquisition, inflammation or cellular invasion without directly killing the pathogens. This review will focus on current and prospective antimicrobial therapies for PD, emphasizing therapies that act indirectly on the microbiota, with clearly defined cellular and molecular targets. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Effects of Antimicrobials on Periodontitis)

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