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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Interaction between Mental Health and Cardiovascular...
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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Interaction between Mental Health and Cardiovascular Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 12715

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Silvia Stella Barbieri

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Unit of Head of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Via C. Parea, 4_20138 Milano, Italy
Interests: thrombosis; platelets; coagulation; extracellular vesicles; neurotrophins; oxidative stress; animal models; cellular models; behavioural and psychological factors; vascular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alessandro Ieraci

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
Interests: psychiatric disorders; neurodegenerative diseases; stress; physical exercise; neurotrophins; epigenetic mechanisms; inflammation; animal models
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurocardiology is an emerging specialty that addresses the bidirectional interaction between brain and heart. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence has shown that the concomitant presence of neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases worsens the patient clinical prognosis. In particular, stress, anxiety, and depression can predispose to the development of heart disease. Similarly, a mutual relationship between brain damage and heart dysfunction was found, suggesting a cross-talk between the nervous and the cardiovascular systems.

The adrenergic system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, by releasing hormones and neurotransmitters, exert a major influence on brain circuits involved in the regulation of mood, reactivity to stressful experiences, self-control, motivation, drive, and cognitive performance. These systems and molecules act also at cardiovascular level influencing blood pressure, heart rate, but also endothelial and platelet function, and the coagulation cascade. On the other hand, cardiovascular pathologies, including metabolic associated ones (e.g.hypo- or hypertension), may lead to cognitive impairments and/or stroke-related brain damage.

This Special Issue will cover the (patho)physiological interplays of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, focusing on cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the cross-talk between brain and heart (dys)functions. Particular emphasis will be given to the role of soluble factors in these processes, as well as the impact of genetic and epigenetic modifications and the effect of therapeutic approaches able to modify these comorbidities. Papers analysing the impact of sex-difference in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and/or neuropsychiatric disorders comorbidity are strongly encouraged. Finally, papers describing new animal models, technical methods, and the development of ex-vivo approaches will be also considered.

Dr. Silvia Stella Barbieri
Dr. Alessandro Ieraci
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Neurodegenerative disorders
  • Stroke
  • Mood disorders
  • Sex difference
  • Environmental factors
  • Coagulation factors
  • Neurotrophins
  • Neurotransmitters
  • Plasma biomarkers
  • Genetic and epigenetic modifications
  • Therapeutic treatments
  • Physical exercise

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

26 pages, 457 KiB  
Review
Impact of Acute and Chronic Stress on Thrombosis in Healthy Individuals and Cardiovascular Disease Patients
by Leonardo Sandrini, Alessandro Ieraci, Patrizia Amadio, Marta Zarà and Silvia Stella Barbieri
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(21), 7818; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms21217818 - 22 Oct 2020
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4350
Abstract
Psychological stress induces different alterations in the organism in order to maintain homeostasis, including changes in hematopoiesis and hemostasis. In particular, stress-induced hyper activation of the autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis can trigger cellular and molecular alterations in platelets, coagulation factors, endothelial [...] Read more.
Psychological stress induces different alterations in the organism in order to maintain homeostasis, including changes in hematopoiesis and hemostasis. In particular, stress-induced hyper activation of the autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis can trigger cellular and molecular alterations in platelets, coagulation factors, endothelial function, redox balance, and sterile inflammatory response. For this reason, mental stress is reported to enhance the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, contrasting results are often found in the literature considering differences in the response to acute or chronic stress and the health condition of the population analyzed. Since thrombosis is the most common underlying pathology of CVDs, the comprehension of the mechanisms at the basis of the association between stress and this pathology is highly valuable. The aim of this work is to give a comprehensive review of the studies focused on the role of acute and chronic stress in both healthy individuals and CVD patients, focusing on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between stress and thrombosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Interaction between Mental Health and Cardiovascular Disease)
18 pages, 1237 KiB  
Review
Role of Neuroendocrine, Immune, and Autonomic Nervous System in Anorexia Nervosa-Linked Cardiovascular Diseases
by Nikola Sekaninova, Lucia Bona Olexova, Zuzana Visnovcova, Igor Ondrejka and Ingrid Tonhajzerova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(19), 7302; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms21197302 - 02 Oct 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4135
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa represents a severe mental disorder associated with food avoidance and malnutrition. In patients suffering from anorexia nervosa, cardiovascular complications are the main reason leading to morbidity and mortality. However, the origin and pathological mechanisms leading to higher cardiovascular risk in anorexia [...] Read more.
Anorexia nervosa represents a severe mental disorder associated with food avoidance and malnutrition. In patients suffering from anorexia nervosa, cardiovascular complications are the main reason leading to morbidity and mortality. However, the origin and pathological mechanisms leading to higher cardiovascular risk in anorexia nervosa are still unclear. In this aspect, the issue of exact pathological mechanisms as well as sensitive biomarkers for detection of anorexia nervosa-linked cardiovascular risk are discussed. Therefore, this review synthesised recent evidence of dysfunction in multiple neuroendocrine axes and alterations in the immune system that may represent anorexia nervosa-linked pathological mechanisms contributing to complex cardiovascular dysregulation. Further, this review is focused on identification of non-invasive biomarkers for the assessment of increased cardiovascular risk in anorexia nervosa that can be linked to a clinical application. Complex non-invasive assessment of cardiovascular autonomic regulation—cardiac vagal control (heart rate variability), sympathetic vascular activity (blood pressure variability), and cardiovascular reflex control (baroreflex sensitivity)—could represent a promising tool for early diagnosis, personalized therapy, and monitoring of therapeutic interventions in anorexia nervosa particularly at a vulnerable adolescent age. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Interaction between Mental Health and Cardiovascular Disease)
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14 pages, 480 KiB  
Review
The Potential Role of Irisin in Vascular Function and Atherosclerosis: A Review
by Kyeongho Byun and Sewon Lee
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(19), 7184; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms21197184 - 29 Sep 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 3637
Abstract
Exercise is an effective intervention for both the prevention and the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance because skeletal muscle secretes many bioactive proteins that contribute to the beneficial effect of exercise. It has been revealed that irisin plays an important role in [...] Read more.
Exercise is an effective intervention for both the prevention and the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance because skeletal muscle secretes many bioactive proteins that contribute to the beneficial effect of exercise. It has been revealed that irisin plays an important role in metabolic homeostasis and both acute and chronic exercises increase circulating irisin in experimental animal models and in humans. Although previous studies have reported that the irisin-related signaling mechanism may play a beneficial role in the treatment of metabolic diseases including obesity, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus, studies on whether irisin plays a key role in vascular function and vascular complications are still insufficient. Therefore, the current review aims to summarize the accumulating evidence showing the potential role of irisin, especially in vascular reactivity and vascular abnormalities such as atherosclerosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Interaction between Mental Health and Cardiovascular Disease)
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