Recent Advances in Nanoparticles for Therapy and Diagnosis in Nanomedicine

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 4833

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Einstein's Teaching and Research Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
Interests: magnetic nanoparticles; nanomedicine; therapy; diagnosis; theranostic; cancer; neurodegenerative diseases; magnetic hyperthermia; lab-on-a-chip; molecular imaging
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Department of Materials Science, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: biomaterials; nanomodeling; biofunctional materials; hyperthermia; electrospinning; nanoparticles for cancer theranostics; development of magnetic nanoparticles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Faculdade de Farmácia - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco B subsolo, Sala 14, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941902, RJ, Brazil
Interests: nanomedicine; pharmaceutics; wound-healing; nanotoxicology; angiogenesis

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Guest Editor
Einstein's Teaching and Research Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil
Interests: development of magnetic nanoparticles; magnetic hyperthermia; therapy; diagnosis; molecular imaging; neurodegenerative diseases; lab-on-a-chip
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoparticles have been widely used for their potential applications in the field of medicine due to the various physicochemical properties that they present such as optical, electronic, magnetic properties, among others, showing great potential in medicine as in the treatment and/or diagnosis of diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, stroke, tumors among others. Nanoparticles also allow the delivery of drugs more effectively to the area to be treated, thus allowing to reduce the necessary doses of active ingredient and thus reducing the side effects of the systemic distribution of the treatment, such as cancer therapies. When these nanoparticles are functionalized by different substances such as therapeutic agents, radionuclides, nucleic acids and antibodies, they can be used with combined therapies.

The changes of nanoparticles in the design of the structure, chemical composition and surface potentiate their properties, conferring the character of multifunctional nanoparticles and thus allowing their use by several molecular imaging techniques in a simultaneous and non-invasive way, providing morphofunctional information at different times, characterization and quantification of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level, in addition to accurate and timely diagnosis and individualized treatment of the disease. Technological innovations and the development of new smart tracers and probes have further promoted these multimodal imaging techniques, providing enhanced contrast and multidimensional functional, structural and morphological information.

Thus, nanoparticles have provided great advances in nanomedicine applied in the treatment/diagnosis of cancer, cardiovascular, infectious and neurodegenerative diseases.

Dr. Lionel Gamarra
Dr. João Paulo Borges
Dr. Luiz Cláudio Rodrigues Pereira Da Silva
Dr. Javier Bustamante Mamani
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanoparticles
  • nanomedicine
  • therapy
  • diagnosis
  • theranostic
  • cancer
  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • infectious disease
  • nanotoxicology

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 4039 KiB  
Review
Drug Delivery to the Brain: Recent Advances and Unmet Challenges
by Sukanya Bhunia, Nagesh Kolishetti, Arti Vashist, Adriana Yndart Arias, Deborah Brooks and Madhavan Nair
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(12), 2658; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/pharmaceutics15122658 - 23 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2214
Abstract
Brain cancers and neurodegenerative diseases are on the rise, treatments for central nervous system (CNS) diseases remain limited. Despite the significant advancement in drug development technology with emerging biopharmaceuticals like gene therapy or recombinant protein, the clinical translational rate of such biopharmaceuticals to [...] Read more.
Brain cancers and neurodegenerative diseases are on the rise, treatments for central nervous system (CNS) diseases remain limited. Despite the significant advancement in drug development technology with emerging biopharmaceuticals like gene therapy or recombinant protein, the clinical translational rate of such biopharmaceuticals to treat CNS disease is extremely poor. The blood–brain barrier (BBB), which separates the brain from blood and protects the CNS microenvironment to maintain essential neuronal functions, poses the greatest challenge for CNS drug delivery. Many strategies have been developed over the years which include local disruption of BBB via physical and chemical methods, and drug transport across BBB via transcytosis by targeting some endogenous proteins expressed on brain-capillary. Drug delivery to brain is an ever-evolving topic, although there were multiple review articles in literature, an update is warranted due to continued growth and new innovations of research on this topic. Thus, this review is an attempt to highlight the recent strategies employed to overcome challenges of CNS drug delivery while emphasizing the necessity of investing more efforts in CNS drug delivery technologies parallel to drug development. Full article
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31 pages, 37980 KiB  
Review
A Promising Approach: Magnetic Nanosystems for Alzheimer’s Disease Theranostics
by Catarina I. P. Chaparro, Beatriz T. Simões, João P. Borges, Miguel A. R. B. Castanho, Paula I. P. Soares and Vera Neves
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(9), 2316; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092316 - 13 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1982
Abstract
Among central nervous system (CNS) disorders, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and a major cause of dementia worldwide. The yet unclear etiology of AD and the high impenetrability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) limit most therapeutic compounds from reaching [...] Read more.
Among central nervous system (CNS) disorders, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and a major cause of dementia worldwide. The yet unclear etiology of AD and the high impenetrability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) limit most therapeutic compounds from reaching the brain. Although many efforts have been made to effectively deliver drugs to the CNS, both invasive and noninvasive strategies employed often come with associated side effects. Nanotechnology-based approaches such as nanoparticles (NPs), which can act as multifunctional platforms in a single system, emerged as a potential solution for current AD theranostics. Among these, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are an appealing strategy since they can act as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and as drug delivery systems. The nanocarrier functionalization with specific moieties, such as peptides, proteins, and antibodies, influences the particles’ interaction with brain endothelial cell constituents, facilitating transport across the BBB and possibly increasing brain penetration. In this review, we introduce MNP-based systems, combining surface modifications with the particles’ physical properties for molecular imaging, as a novel neuro-targeted strategy for AD theranostics. The main goal is to highlight the potential of multifunctional MNPs and their advances as a dual nanotechnological diagnosis and treatment platform for neurodegenerative disorders. Full article
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