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Innovations in Cognitive-Assessment-Based Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Technologies
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Innovations in Cognitive-Assessment-Based Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Technologies

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2023) | Viewed by 8918

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ineke J.M. Van Der Ham

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
Interests: cognitive and behavioral interactions with technology; VR and AR applications in diagnostic tests
Dr. Marit Ruitenberg

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
Interests: neurocognitive control of movement; cognitive and motor assessment in aging and neurological disorders
Dr. Judith Schomaker

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 AK, The Netherlands
Interests: novelty; memory; virtual reality

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cognitive assessment has many applications: from clinical neuropsychological practice to educational and professional settings. Recent technological innovations allow for digitization of such cognitive assessment procedures. Relevant issues range from novel solutions to cognitive assessment, translation from analogue to digital measures, to challenges of technologies such as immersive environments.

The recent pandemic has clearly raised the need for reliable online testing. For instance, in clinical neuropsychology, certain diagnostic procedures may be performed through online platforms, which not only allows for social distancing but also reduces the need for travel and may increase the extent and level of detail of measurements.  

Immersive technology also opens a window of opportunity for cognitive assessment. Alternative realities can be created to specifically address certain cognitive activities and, paradoxically, to test cognitive performance in richer and more realistic settings, compared to traditional paper-and-pencil tests.

Despite some obvious practical advantages, thorough examination of the use of such novel cognitive assessment procedures is imperative. For this Special Issue, we invite contributions reflecting on innovations in cognitive assessment, from any perspective: reliability, technological opportunities and limitations, ethical issues, individual differences to consider, relevance to specific disorders, patient populations, cognitive domains, age groups. We welcome both empirical and review submissions.    

Dr. Ineke J.M. Van Der Ham
Dr. Marit Ruitenberg
Dr. Judith Schomaker
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cognitive assessment
  • Online diagnostics
  • Virtual reality
  • Augmented reality
  • Individual differences
  • Cognitive load
  • Innovative methods

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 306 KiB  
Article
Feasibility and Efficacy of Online Neuropsychological Assessment
by Sharon Binoy, Rachel Woody, Richard B. Ivry and William Saban
Sensors 2023, 23(11), 5160; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23115160 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2127
Abstract
Neuropsychological testing has intrinsic challenges, including the recruitment of patients and their participation in research projects. To create a method capable of collecting multiple datapoints (across domains and participants) while imposing low demands on the patients, we have developed PONT (Protocol for Online [...] Read more.
Neuropsychological testing has intrinsic challenges, including the recruitment of patients and their participation in research projects. To create a method capable of collecting multiple datapoints (across domains and participants) while imposing low demands on the patients, we have developed PONT (Protocol for Online Neuropsychological Testing). Using this platform, we recruited neurotypical controls, individuals with Parkinson’s disease, and individuals with cerebellar ataxia and tested their cognitive status, motor symptoms, emotional well-being, social support, and personality traits. For each domain, we compared each group to previously published values from studies using more traditional methods. The results show that online testing using PONT is feasible, efficient, and produces results that are in line with results obtained from in-person testing. As such, we envision PONT as a promising bridge to more comprehensive, generalizable, and valid neuropsychological testing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Cognitive-Assessment-Based Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Technologies)
15 pages, 1708 KiB  
Article
User Experience during an Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Task: A Comparison between Estonian and Italian Older Adults with MCI
by Marta Mondellini, Sara Arlati, Helena Gapeyeva, Kairi Lees, Ingrid Märitz, Simone Luca Pizzagalli, Tauno Otto, Marco Sacco and Anneli Teder-Braschinsky
Sensors 2022, 22(21), 8249; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22218249 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2010
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an early stage of cognitive abilities loss and puts older adults at higher risk of developing dementia. Virtual reality (VR) could represent a tool for the early assessment of this pathological condition and for administering cognitive training. This [...] Read more.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an early stage of cognitive abilities loss and puts older adults at higher risk of developing dementia. Virtual reality (VR) could represent a tool for the early assessment of this pathological condition and for administering cognitive training. This work presents a study evaluating the acceptance and the user experience of an immersive VR application representing a supermarket. As the same application had already been assessed in Italy, we aimed to perform the same study in Estonia in order to compare the outcomes in the two populations. Fifteen older adults with MCI were enrolled in one Rehabilitation Center of Estonia and tried the supermarket once. Afterwards, they were administered questionnaires aimed at evaluating their technology acceptance, sense of presence, and cybersickness. Estonian participants reported low side effects and discrete enjoyment, and a sense of presence. Nonetheless, their intention to use the technology decreased after the experience. The comparison between Italian and Estonian older adults showed that cybersickness was comparable, but technology acceptance and sense of presence were significantly lower in the Estonian group. Thus, we argue that: (i) cultural and social backgrounds influence technology acceptance; (ii) technology acceptance was rather mediated by the absence of positive feelings rather than cybersickness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Cognitive-Assessment-Based Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Technologies)
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12 pages, 3927 KiB  
Article
Recognition of Attentional States in VR Environment: An fNIRS Study
by Dariusz Zapała, Paweł Augustynowicz and Mikhail Tokovarov
Sensors 2022, 22(9), 3133; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22093133 - 20 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3523
Abstract
An improvement in ecological validity is one of the significant challenges for 21st-century neuroscience. At the same time, the study of neurocognitive processes in real-life situations requires good control of all variables relevant to the results. One possible solution that combines the capability [...] Read more.
An improvement in ecological validity is one of the significant challenges for 21st-century neuroscience. At the same time, the study of neurocognitive processes in real-life situations requires good control of all variables relevant to the results. One possible solution that combines the capability of creating realistic experimental scenarios with adequate control of the test environment is virtual reality. Our goal was to develop an integrative research workspace involving a CW-fNIRS and head-mounted-display (HMD) technology dedicated to offline and online cognitive experiments. We designed an experimental study in a repeated-measures model on a group of BCI-naïve participants to verify our assumptions. The procedure included a 3D environment-adapted variant of the classic n-back task (2-back version). Tasks were divided into offline (calibration) and online (feedback) sessions. In both sessions, the signal was recorded during the cognitive task for within-group comparisons of changes in oxy-Hb concentration in the regions of interest (the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-DLPFC and middle frontal gyrus-MFG). In the online session, the recorded signal changes were translated into real-time feedback. We hypothesized that it would be possible to obtain significantly higher than the level-of-chance threshold classification accuracy for the enhanced attention engagement (2-back task) vs. relaxed state in both conditions. Additionally, we measured participants′ subjective experiences of the BCI control in terms of satisfaction. Our results confirmed hypotheses regarding the offline condition. In accordance with the hypotheses, combining fNIRS and HMD technologies enables the effective transfer of experimental cognitive procedures to a controlled VR environment. This opens the new possibility of creating more ecologically valid studies and training procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Cognitive-Assessment-Based Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Technologies)
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