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A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Stewardship".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 11119

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yoshimasa Sasaki

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Guest Editor

Division of Biomedical Food Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
Interests: food safety; antimicrobial resistance; poultry production; microbiological risk management

Prof. Dr. Tetsuo Asai

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Guest Editor

Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences United Graduate, School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu, Japan
Interests: epidemiology and public health; antimicrobials; salmonella; Escherichia coli; pathogens; campylobacter; Campylobacter jejuni; Campylobacter coli; dystrophin; FFPE
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Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens isolated from animals and their products is a global concern in human medicine. Antimicrobial agents are used for food-producing animals for treating bacterial infections and as food additives for growth promotion. Although the use of antimicrobial agents has contributed to a stable supply of foods of animal origin, pathogens resistant to important antimicrobial agents for human medicine, such as fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, have been isolated from animals and their products worldwide. To manage the risk of transmission of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens to the human population, the prevalence and characteristics of these pathogens in animals and their products should be investigated. The risk management options established by risk managers should be based on scientific data. More data are needed to established effective options. Authors are invited to submit articles describing not only antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in animals and their products, but also the effectiveness of risk management options at the farm level.

Dr. Yoshimasa Sasaki
Prof. Dr. Tetsuo Asai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

animal
antimicrobial agent
antimicrobial resistance
food hygiene
food safety
foodborne pathogen
veterinary

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 259 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Food Workers and Chicken Products in Japan

by Yoshimasa Sasaki, Hiromi Kakizawa, Youichi Baba, Takeshi Ito, Yukari Haremaki, Masaru Yonemichi, Tetsuya Ikeda, Makoto Kuroda, Kenji Ohya, Yukiko Hara-Kudo, Tetsuo Asai and Hiroshi Asakura

Antibiotics 2021, 10(12), 1541; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10121541 - 16 Dec 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2473

Abstract

Salmonella is an enteric bacterial pathogen that causes foodborne illness in humans. Third-generation cephalosporin (TGC) resistance in Salmonella remains a global concern. Food workers may represent a reservoir of Salmonella, thus potentially contaminating food products. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella in food workers and characterize the isolates by serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Salmonella was isolated from 583 (0.079%) of 740,635 stool samples collected from food workers between January and December 2018, and then serotyped into 76 Salmonella enterica serovars and 22 untypeable Salmonella strains. High rates of antimicrobial resistance were observed for streptomycin (51.1%), tetracycline (33.1%), and kanamycin (18.4%). Although isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, 12 (2.1%) strains (one S. Infantis, one S. Manhattan, two S. Bareilly, two S. Blockley, two S. Heidelberg, two S. Minnesota, one S. Goldcoast, and one untypeable Salmonella strain) were resistant to the TGC cefotaxime, all of which harbored β-lactamase genes (bla_CMY-2, bla_CTX-M-15, bla_CTX-M-55, and bla_TEM-52B). Moreover, 1.3% (4/309) of Salmonella strains (three S. Infantis and one S. Manhattan strains) isolated from chicken products were resistant to cefotaxime and harbored bla_CMY-2 or bla_TEM-52B. Thus, food workers may acquire TGC-resistant Salmonella after the ingestion of contaminated chicken products and further contaminate food products. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Isolated from Animals and Their Products)

9 pages, 264 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Isolation of Human Lineage, Fluoroquinolone-Resistant and Extended-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Companion Animals in Japan

by Toyotaka Sato, Shin-ichi Yokota, Tooru Tachibana, Satoshi Tamai, Shigeki Maetani, Yutaka Tamura and Motohiro Horiuchi

Antibiotics 2021, 10(12), 1463; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10121463 - 28 Nov 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1735

Abstract

An increase in human and veterinary fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli is a global concern. In this study, we isolated fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from companion animals and characterized them using molecular epidemiological analysis, multiplex polymerase chain reaction to detect E. coli ST131 and CTX-M type extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), and multi-locus sequence typing analysis. Using plain-CHROMagar ECC, 101 E. coli isolates were isolated from 34 rectal swabs of dogs and cats. The prevalence of resistance to fluoroquinolone and cefotaxime was 27.7% and 24.8%, respectively. The prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates (89.3%) was higher when CHROMagar ECC with CHROMagar ESBL supplement was used for E. coli isolation. The prevalence of cefotaxime resistance was also higher (76.1%) when 1 mg/L of ciprofloxacin-containing CHROMagar ECC was used for isolation. The cefotaxime-resistant isolates possessed CTX-M type β-lactamase genes (CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, or CTX-M-27). Seventy-five percent of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were sequence types ST131, ST10, ST1193, ST38, or ST648, which are associated with extensive spread in human clinical settings. In addition, we isolated three common fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli lineages (ST131 clade C1-M-27, C1-nM27 and ST2380) from dogs and their respective owners. These observations suggest that companion animals can harbor fluoroquinolone-resistant and/or ESBL-producing E. coli, in their rectums, and that transmission of these isolates to their owners can occur. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Isolated from Animals and Their Products)

9 pages, 559 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Third-Generation Cephalosporin Resistance in Intrinsic Colistin-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Retail Meat

by Justice Opare Odoi, Sayo Takayanagi, Montira Yossapol, Michiyo Sugiyama and Tetsuo Asai

Antibiotics 2021, 10(12), 1437; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10121437 - 24 Nov 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1724

Abstract

Consumption of retail meat contaminated with antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria is a common route for transmitting clinically relevant resistant bacteria to humans. Here, we investigated the genotypic and phenotypic resistance profiles of intrinsic colistin-resistant (ICR) Enterobacterales isolated from retail meats. ICR Enterobacterales were isolated from 103 samples of chicken, 103 samples of pork, and 104 samples of beef purchased from retail shops in Japan, using colistin-containing media, and their antimicrobial susceptibility was examined. Serratia spp. (440 isolates) showed resistance to cefotaxime (19 isolates, 4.3%), tetracycline (15 isolates, 3.4%), and other antimicrobials (<1%). Hafnia spp. (136) showed resistance to cefotaxime (12 isolates, 8.6%), ceftazidime (four isolates, 2.9%), and tetracycline (two isolates, 1.4%). Proteus spp. (39) showed resistance to chloramphenicol (four isolates, 10.3%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (four isolates, 10.3%), cefotaxime (two isolates, 5.1%), kanamycin (two isolates, 5.1%), and gentamicin (one isolate, 2.6%). Cedecea spp. (22) were resistant to tetracycline (two isolates, 9.1%) whereas Morganella spp. (11) were resistant to tetracycline (four isolates, 36.4%) and chloramphenicol (one isolate, 9.2%). The resistance genes bla_fonA, bla_ACC, and bla_DHA were detected in cefotaxime-resistant Serratia spp., Hafnia spp., and Morganella spp. isolates, respectively. This emergence of antimicrobial resistance in ICR Enterobacterales may pose a public health risk. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Isolated from Animals and Their Products)

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11 pages, 559 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Molecular Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovar Schwarzengrund from Chicken Meat in Japan

by Kaoru Matsui, Chisato Nakazawa, Shwe Thiri Maung Maung Khin, Eriko Iwabuchi, Tetsuo Asai and Kanako Ishihara

Antibiotics 2021, 10(11), 1336; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10111336 - 01 Nov 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2431

Abstract

Our previous study revealed that Salmonella enterica serovar Schwarzengrund-contaminated areas of broiler chickens have expanded from West Japan to East Japan. The present study investigated the antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of 124 S. Schwarzengrund isolates obtained from chicken meat produced in East and West Japan from 2008 to 2019. Comparing the isolates obtained in 2008 and 2015–2019, an increase in the proportion of those resistant to kanamycin [51.4–89.7% (p < 0.001)] was observed. In contrast, the proportion of isolates resistant to both streptomycin and tetracycline and those that harbored a 1.0-kb class 1 integron, aadA1, and tetA, significantly decreased from 100% in 2008 to 47.1% in 2015–2019 (p < 0.001). A 1.0-kb class 1 integron containing aadA1, harbored by 78 isolates, was different from that reported in globally distributed S. Schwarzengrund strains (1.9 kb, containing the dfrA12-aadA2 gene cassette). Twenty-five isolates from different product districts and years of isolation were typed as sequence type (ST) 241 with multilocus sequence typing. Our results suggest that S. Schwarzengrund, which contaminates chicken meat in Japan, shares a common ancestor regardless of the product district from 2008 to recent years. Moreover, S. Schwarzengrund ST241 may have spread from western to eastern Japan. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Isolated from Animals and Their Products)

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13 pages, 507 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Commercial Broilers

by Tímea Kocúreková, Lívia Karahutová and Dobroslava Bujňáková

Antibiotics 2021, 10(11), 1303; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10111303 - 26 Oct 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1945

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of iron-uptake and virulence genes, antibiotic resistance profiles, and phylogenetic relatedness in 115 Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains isolated from broilers in Slovakia and to determine their potential threat to human health. The most frequent phylogroups were B1 (37%) and A (21%), and 33.9% strains were included in pathogenic groups. The commonly observed iron-uptake genes were feoB (94%), sitA (83%), and iutA (58%). Protectins (iss, kpsMTII) were identified in 30% of samples. Four percent of B2-associated broilers carried the papC (P fimbria) gene connected with upper urinary tract infection. The dominant resistance was to tetracycline (49%), ampicillin (66%), ampicillin + sulbactam (27%), ciprofloxacin (61%), and trimethoprim + sulfonamide (34%); moreover, sporadically occurring resistance to cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and polypeptide colistin was observed. Genotypic analysis of resistance revealed the presence of bla_CTX-M-1 and bla_CTX-M-2 in two isolates from broilers. Commercial broilers can be reservoirs of virulent and resistant genes as well as E. coli causing (extra-)intestinal infections, which can be a potential threat to humans via direct contact and food. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Isolated from Animals and Their Products)

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