Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: “Molecular Research in Dementia”

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to attract the interest of researchers who study the molecular mechanism of dementia. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of dementia involves exploring various aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Below is a list of potential topics that focus on molecule-level studies related to impaired memory, signaling pathways, and the impact of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in different brain structures:

1. Amyloid Beta and Tau Proteins: Investigate the role of amyloid beta and tau proteins in the formation of plaque and neurofibrillary tangles, respectively, in Alzheimer's disease.

Explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the aggregation of these proteins and their impact on synaptic function and memory.

2. Neuroinflammation: Examine the involvement of microglia and astrocytes in neuroinflammation associated with dementia. Explore the molecular signals that trigger and sustain chronic inflammation in the brain, and its impact on cognitive function.
3. Synaptic Dysfunction: Investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction in dementia, including alterations in neurotransmitter release, receptor expression, and synaptic plasticity. Explore the role of key synaptic proteins and their interactions in maintaining normal synaptic function.
4. Cellular Signaling Pathways: Explore specific cellular signaling pathways implicated in dementia, such as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, Notch signaling, and MAPK/ERK pathway.

Investigate how dysregulation of these pathways contributes to cognitive decline and memory impairment.

5. Neurotransmitter Imbalance: Examine the impact of neurotransmitter imbalances, such as acetylcholine deficiency in Alzheimer's disease, on cognitive function. Explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of neurotransmitter systems and potential therapeutic targets.
6. Neuromodulators and Neurotransmitter Receptors: Investigate the role of neuromodulators, such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, in modulating cognitive processes and memory formation. Explore changes in neurotransmitter receptor expression and function in different brain regions associated with dementia.
7. Epigenetic Modifications: Explore how epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, influence gene expression in dementia. Investigate the impact of environmental factors on epigenetic regulation and their contribution to cognitive decline.
8. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Examine the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in dementia, including oxidative stress, impaired energy production, and mitochondrial DNA damage. Explore the interplay between mitochondrial function and neuronal health.
9. Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction: Investigate the molecular mechanisms linking vascular dysfunction and impaired blood–brain barrier integrity to dementia. Explore how compromised neurovascular unit function contributes to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
10. Neurogenesis and Neural Stem Cells: Explore the role of neurogenesis and neural stem cells in dementia and cognitive decline. Investigate the molecular mechanisms influencing neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, and integration into existing neural circuits.

It is essential to consider the latest research findings and advancements in the field of neuroscience. Interdisciplinary approaches that integrate genetics, biochemistry, neurophysiology, and imaging techniques can provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying dementia.

Prof. Dr. Jana Tchekalarova
Prof. Dr. Michele Papa
Dr. Mariagiovanna Cantone
Guest Editors

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• dementia
• amyloid beta
• tau proteins
• neuroinflammation
• synaptic dysfunction
• mitochondrial dysfunction