Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2024 | Viewed by 1411

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Guest Editor
Department of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7 RX, UK
Interests: oxidative stress; stress response; reactive oxygen species; flow cytometry; exercise; nutrition; obesity; cancer; biomarkers; athletic performance
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-communicable conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, cancers, and respiratory diseases, contribute significantly to total reported deaths and the burden of disease, exerting a large impact on quality of life. Physical inactivity and unhealthy eating can contribute to these conditions, whereas good nutrition and physical activity can be used in the prevention and treatment of disease and the modification of risk factors. Furthermore, a large portion of adults with chronic disease are likely to be employed, and thus chronic disease risk factors and conditions are becoming more prevalent within the workforce.

Considering the success of the previous Special Issue, entitled "Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease", we are pleased to announce that we are launching a second Special Issue on this topic. The objective of this Special Issue, entitled “Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition”, welcomes research that investigates nutrition and physical activity in relation to the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. We would also particularly welcome research on the impact of working with chronic disease and any interventions therein. We welcome original research and literature reviews concerning this important topic.

Dr. Rebecca V. Vince
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • nutrition
  • physical activity
  • chronic disease
  • exercise
  • prevention
  • treatment
  • workplace health

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 529 KiB  
Article
Characterizing Factors Associated with Excess Body Weight: A Descriptive Study Using Principal Component Analysis in a Population with Overweight and Obesity
by Álvaro Fernández-Cardero, José Luis Sierra-Cinos, Adrián López-Jiménez, Beatriz Beltrán, Carmen Cuadrado, María Teresa García-Conesa, Laura Bravo and Beatriz Sarriá
Nutrients 2024, 16(8), 1143; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16081143 - 12 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, making it crucial to understand how it can be effectively prevented/treated. Considering that obesity is a multifactorial condition, this article carried out a baseline cross-sectional study of the variables involved in the disorder. Eighty-four subjects with overweight/obesity were [...] Read more.
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, making it crucial to understand how it can be effectively prevented/treated. Considering that obesity is a multifactorial condition, this article carried out a baseline cross-sectional study of the variables involved in the disorder. Eighty-four subjects with overweight/obesity were recruited. Dietary baseline information was obtained by analysing three 24 h recalls. Resting metabolic rate was measured using indirect calorimetry, physical activity was measured through accelerometry, cardiometabolic parameters were determined in blood samples and body composition via anthropometry and bioimpedance. A univariant and multivariate exploratory approach was carried out using principal component analysis (PCA). Large inter-individual variability was observed in dietetic, biochemical, and physical activity measurements (coefficient of variation ≥ 30%), but body composition was more uniform. Volunteers had an unbalanced diet and low levels of physical activity. PCA reduced the 26 analysed variables to 4 factors, accounting for 65.4% of the total data variance. The main factor was the “dietetic factor”, responsible for 24.0% of the total variance and mainly related to energy intake, lipids, and saturated fatty acids. The second was the “cardiometabolic factor” (explaining 16.8% of the variability), the third was the “adiposity factor” (15.2%), and the last was the “serum cholesterol factor” (9.4%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 679 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Education Level on Weight Loss in a Primary Care-Anchored eHealth Lifestyle Coaching Program in Denmark: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Luma Shahin, Thomas Bastholm Olesen, Michael Hecht Olsen, Ditte Hjorth Laursen, Jeanette Reffstrup Christensen and Carl J. Brandt
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 795; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060795 - 11 Mar 2024
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Abstract
In a randomized controlled trial including 340 people living with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes, digital coaching has induced significant long-term weight loss compared to the usual methods of care. We investigated whether education level influenced this weight loss and which [...] Read more.
In a randomized controlled trial including 340 people living with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes, digital coaching has induced significant long-term weight loss compared to the usual methods of care. We investigated whether education level influenced this weight loss and which lifestyle changes supported the digital lifestyle coaching program. The intervention consisted of a 1 h face-to-face motivational interview followed by digital coaching using behavioral change techniques. At 6 months, the weight loss in the intervention group was significantly larger in participants with short education (6.0 vs. 2.2 kg, p < 0.01) (p = 0.006). Participants with long education experienced initially a modest weight loss, but the effect was maintained, leading to the largest weight loss at 24 months (5.06 [−11.98–1.86] kg), even though there were fewer coaching sessions in the maintenance period. In multiple regression analyses, the greater weight loss in the intervention group was associated with short education (β = 1.81, p = 0.02), improvements in everyday physical activity (β = 2.60, p = 0.014) and improvements in dietary habits (β = 3.84, p = 0.013). In conclusion, at 6 months, the effect of the intervention was more pronounced in people with short education through improvements in everyday physical activity and dietary habits. However, participants with long education sustained their weight loss at 24 months. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Physical Activity and Chronic Disease—2nd Edition)
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