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Nutrients
Special Issues
Nutritional Status and Frailty during and after COVID-19
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Nutritional Status and Frailty during and after COVID-19

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2024) | Viewed by 2081

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Rebecca De Lorenzo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy
2. Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 00132 Milan, Italy
Interests: immune-mediated diseases; metabolic diseases; sarcopenia; obesity-associated sarcopenia; aging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

COVID-19 might affect the nutritional status and physical performance of both patients and survivors. Several factors including reduced appetite, alterations to smell and taste, prolonged bed rest, and the catabolic effects of systemic inflammation may result in malnutrition. Indeed, initial weight loss followed by a worsening of body composition after recovery has been reported in COVID-19 patients, enhancing their vulnerability to developing skeletal muscle loss, not only in old, comorbid individuals, but also in previously robust ones. At the same time, altered muscle quality may lead to poor short- and long-term outcomes following COVID-19, predicting persistent mobility problems even months after recovery. Therefore, an aberrant nutritional status, which likely has a causative link to the risk of frailty and reduced physical performance, might be a major contributor to post-COVID-19 sequelae, hampering the patient’s ability to completely recover from the disease. Evidence on the nutritional status of COVID-19 patients and survivors, together with the characteristics, prevalence, and effects of its alterations, is still poor. Additionally, the clinical and etiological phenotypes of frailty in these patients are still unclear. This Special Issue aims to fill these gaps with the belief that a thorough understanding of a problem is half the solution.

Dr. Rebecca De Lorenzo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • frailty
  • sarcopenia
  • nutrition
  • malnutrition
  • physical performance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 345 KiB  
Article
Differences between Health and Non-Health Science Students in Lifestyle Habits, Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Mario Marendić, Diana Aranza, Ivan Aranza, Silvija Vladislavić and Ivana Kolčić
Nutrients 2024, 16(5), 620; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16050620 - 23 Feb 2024
Viewed by 763
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate lifestyle habits in health and non-health science students from the University of Split, Croatia, and to evaluate their association with perceived stress and psychological well-being. We surveyed 783 students during February–March 2021. Hierarchical multiple regression [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate lifestyle habits in health and non-health science students from the University of Split, Croatia, and to evaluate their association with perceived stress and psychological well-being. We surveyed 783 students during February–March 2021. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used in the analysis. Health science students spent less time using screens, were sitting less, slept less, but also showed better compliance with the Mediterranean diet compared to non-health science students (10.6% vs. 5.9%). There were no differences in stress and well-being perception between the two study groups. Female gender, lack of sleep, less daily sitting time, anxiety, and lower optimism were associated with higher stress in non-health science students, while anxiousness and more sitting were found to be significant among health students. Well-being among health science students was positively associated with BMI, having had COVID-19, being refreshed after waking up during working days, Mediterranean diet adherence, health perception, optimism, and quality of life, and negatively with TV time and anxiousness. Shorter sleep duration on non-working days, feeling refreshed after waking up on non-working days, higher quality of life and optimism, and lower anxiousness were associated with higher well-being among non-health students. Identifying unhealthy lifestyle habits in students is essential for implementing targeted interventions to better their health outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Status and Frailty during and after COVID-19)
16 pages, 1573 KiB  
Article
Longitudinal Changes in Physical Function and Their Impact on Health Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients
by Rebecca De Lorenzo, Luigi Di Filippo, Sabrina Scelfo, Aurora Merolla, Andrea Giustina, Caterina Conte and Patrizia Rovere-Querini
Nutrients 2023, 15(20), 4474; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15204474 - 22 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1040
Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is correlated with a variety of long-term sequelae that affect different aspects of health, including physical function. This study investigated the longitudinal changes in handgrip strength (HGS) over six months post-hospital discharge in COVID-19 patients and explores the associations [...] Read more.
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is correlated with a variety of long-term sequelae that affect different aspects of health, including physical function. This study investigated the longitudinal changes in handgrip strength (HGS) over six months post-hospital discharge in COVID-19 patients and explores the associations between HGS, health-related quality of life, dyspnoea, exercise capacity, and body mass index (BMI). Methods: Adult COVID-19 patients were followed up at one, three, and six months after hospital discharge. HGS, BMI, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life were assessed. Data from patients with HGS measurements at all three time points were analysed. Results: Low HGS was prevalent one month post-discharge (35%). Participants with low HGS exhibited more severe disease (30.5% vs. 5.9% were admitted to the intensive care unit, p < 0.01), longer hospital stays (median [IQR] 21 [10.0; 40.5] vs. 12.0 [8.0; 20.0] days, p < 0.01), greater weight loss (−5.7 [−9.1; −0.6] vs. −3.2 [−5.7; −0.0] kg, p = 0.004), and reduced exercise capacity (6 min walking test [6 MWT], 95.7 [84.0; 102.0] vs. 100.0 [92.9; 105.0]% predicted, p = 0.007). Those with persistently low HGS (40% of the initial low HGS group) had worse exercise capacity (6-MWT 93.3 [78.3; 101.0] vs. 101.0 [95.0; 107.0]% predicted, p < 0.001), more dyspnoea (29.0% vs. 2.0% of participants, p < 0.001), poorer quality of life (visual analogue scale score, 75 [50; 75] vs. 85 [75; 95], p < 0.001), and higher rates of problems in various health dimensions. HGS at 1 month was the only significant predictor of HGS improvement from 1 month to 6 months (odds ratio [95% CI] 1.11 [1.03; 1.20], p = 0.008). Conclusions: This study highlights the prevalence of reduced physical function among COVID-19 survivors and emphasises the importance of early identification and intervention to optimise their long-term health. Monitoring HGS, a simple and reliable tool, can provide valuable insights into patients’ overall physical function, aiding in tailored care and improved outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Status and Frailty during and after COVID-19)
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