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Eating and Weight Disorders

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 14631

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Prof. Phillipa Hay

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Guest Editor

Translational Health Research Institute, School Of Medicine, Western Sdyney University, Sydney, Australia
Interests: eating disorders; evidence-based medicine; mental health literacy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Milan Piya

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Guest Editor

1. School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown 2751, NSW, Australia
2. Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool 2560, NSW, Australia
Interests: nutrition and obesity; type 2 diabetes; weight management; bariatric surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Eating and weight disorders are increasing worldwide and are linked with mutual casual and maintaining factors. There is an urgent need for integrated approaches to prevention and treatment. They occur across the weight spectrum, from where there is severe underweight (e.g., in anorexia nervosa and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID)) to where there are significant problems with weight fluctuations, weight suppression, and high body mass index (BMI) (e.g., in binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa and food addiction). Individuals often now experience disorders across the weight spectrum. For example, anorexia nervosa can be a ‘consequence’ of surgical weight reduction in people who have had binge eating disorder at a high BMI. There is, as well, a huge treatment gap for people with eating and weight disorders. This is compounded by treatments that may be inappropriate or less effectual where there is co-morbid disorder.

This Special Issue calls for papers that advance knowledge in how this twin burden can be reduced at all levels, in the laboratory, the community, and in the clinic, and by public health measures. This includes but is not limited to multifaceted therapies and interventions that decrease stigma and increase health care professionals’ capacity to recognise and treat both problems. Papers that provide innovative ideas as to how the treatment gap may be closed are particularly welcome.

Prof. Phillipa Hay
Dr. Milan Piya
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

Binge-eating
Obesity/overweight
Food addiction
Prevention
Treatment.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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13 pages, 3837 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Improvement in Eating Disorder Risk and Psychological Health in People with Class 3 Obesity: Effects of a Multidisciplinary Weight Management Program

by Milan K. Piya, Ritesh Chimoriya, William Yu, Kathy Grudzinskas, Kyaw Phone Myint, Kathryn Skelsey, Nic Kormas and Phillipa Hay

Nutrients 2021, 13(5), 1425; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu13051425 - 23 Apr 2021

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3983

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the risk of eating disorders, psychological distress, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with class 3 obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m²), and the effect of multidisciplinary weight management over 12 months. This retrospective cohort study included all adults with class 3 obesity who enrolled in a weight management program from March 2018 to December 2019. Questionnaires included the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) for HRQoL. Physical and Mental Component Summary scores (PCS and MCS) were derived from the SF-36. Of 169 participants who completed 12 months in the program, 65.7% (n = 111) completed questionnaires at baseline and 12 months, with 6.0 ± 6.8% weight loss over this period. Compared to baseline, there was significant improvement at 12 months in EDE-QS (15.7 ± 6.6 vs. 13.6 ± 6.2, p = 0.002), K10 (25.7 ± 9.7 vs. 21.2 ± 9.4, p < 0.001), PCS (29.4 ± 10.1 vs. 36.1 ± 10.9, p < 0.001), and MCS scores (40.2 ± 12.4 vs. 44.0 ± 13.4, p = 0.001). All, apart from EDE-QS scores, remained significant after adjusting for weight change. This study highlights the importance of multidisciplinary management in people with class 3 obesity to help reduce eating disorder risk and psychological distress, and improve HRQoL, in addition to weight loss. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eating and Weight Disorders)

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12 pages, 493 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Bariatric and Cosmetic Surgery in People with Eating Disorders

by Charmaine D’Souza, Phillipa Hay, Stephen Touyz and Milan K. Piya

Nutrients 2020, 12(9), 2861; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu12092861 - 18 Sep 2020

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3561

Abstract

Rates of eating disorders (EDs) are increasing in Australia, as are rates of bariatric and cosmetic surgery including weight-related procedures. It is known that binge eating disorder (BED) is common in bariatric surgery candidates and that people with EDs are likely to undergo weight-related cosmetic procedures, however, most of the literature is based on clinic samples and focuses on young women and BED. Aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of (1) actual or intended bariatric surgery and (2) actual or intended cosmetic surgery including weight-related procedures in people with a current ED and a lifetime history of BED or bulimia nervosa (BN), and the associations with actual or intended bariatric or cosmetic surgery and demographic features. Using a general population survey, 2977 individuals were interviewed regarding sociodemographic status, ED symptoms, mental health-related quality of life (MHRQoL) and actual or intended use of bariatric and cosmetic surgery, prevalence estimates of which were 2.0% and 1.1%, respectively. People who had planned or received either type of surgery were more likely to be (1) women and (2) have a higher BMI, (3) poorer MHRQoL and (4) a current ED, lifetime BN or BED or features of EDs (all p < 0.05). Age and household income were not significantly associated with increased use of either type of surgery. Given the potential for an ED to affect outcomes of surgery, screening and treatment for EDs should be considered in such surgical candidates. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eating and Weight Disorders)

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16 pages, 315 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Relationship between Psychosocial Impairment, Food Choice Motives, and Orthorexic Behaviors among Polish Adults

by Marta Plichta, Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz and Aleksandra Małachowska

Nutrients 2020, 12(5), 1218; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu12051218 - 26 Apr 2020

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2548

Abstract

Orthorexic behaviors correlate not only with health motives when choosing food but may also coexist with psychosocial impairment. The aim of this study was to assess the motives of food choice and psychosocial impairment among adults with orthorexic behaviors through the use of ORTO-15 and ORTO-7. The data for the study were collected from a sample of 1007 Polish adults through a cross-sectional quantitative survey conducted in 2019. The respondents were asked to complete the ORTO-15 questionnaire, the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ), and the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA). Orthorexic behaviors were measured using both the 15-item and the shorter 7-item version of the ORTO questionnaire. To determine the factors coexisting with the orthorexic behaviors, linear regression models were developed. The scores of both ORTO-15 and ORTO-7 correlated positively with the global CIA scores and the scores of personal, cognitive, and social impairments, but compared to the ORTO-7 scores, the ORTO-15 scores showed weaker correlations with the global CIA score and individual CIA scales. Orthorexic behaviors measured with ORTO-15 correlated positively with such food choice motives as health, natural content, and weight control; whereas orthorexic behaviors measured with ORTO-7 showed positive bivariate correlations only with two food choice motives: health and weight control. In regression models, sensory appeal, age, and education lower than secondary were associated inversely with orthorexic behaviors measured by both the ORTO-15 and the ORTO-7. In conclusion, the obtained results confirm that orthorexic behaviors are associated with a higher score regarding health motivation and cause an increase in psychosocial impairment. In addition, orthorexic behaviors are associated with greater importance of body weight control, which confirms the relationship between orthorexic behaviors and other eating disorders (ED), such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). However, similar motives for food choice displayed by the groups with higher scores of the ORTO-15 and the ORTO-7 and strong correlation between results obtained from both tools confirmed the similarity between these two questionnaires, thus revealing the weak psychometric properties also of the shorter seven-item version of the ORTO. Future studies on food motives, psychosocial impairment, and orthorexic behaviors should consider using other tools for measuring orthorexic behaviors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eating and Weight Disorders)

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7 pages, 244 KiB

Open AccessCommentary

Assessing the Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions That Simultaneously Prevent High Body Mass Index and Eating Disorders

by Long Khanh-Dao Le, Phillipa Hay, Jaithri Ananthapavan, Yong Yi Lee and Cathrine Mihalopoulos

Nutrients 2020, 12(8), 2313; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu12082313 - 31 Jul 2020

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3725

Abstract

Eating disorders (ED) are among the top three most common debilitating illnesses in adolescent females, while high Body Mass Index (BMI) is one of the five leading modifiable risk factors for preventable disease burden. The high prevalence of eating and weight-related problems in adolescence is of great concern, particularly since this is a period of rapid growth and development. Here, we comment on the current evidence for the prevention of EDs and high BMI and the importance of assessing the cost-effectiveness of interventions that integrate the prevention of EDs and high BMI in this population. There is evidence that there are effective interventions targeted at children, adolescents and young adults that can reduce the prevalence of risk factors associated with the development of EDs and high BMI concurrently. However, optimal decision-making for the health of younger generations involves considering the value for money of these effective interventions. Further research investigating the cost-effectiveness of potent and sustainable integrated preventive interventions for EDs and high BMI will provide decision makers with the necessary information to inform investment choices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eating and Weight Disorders)

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