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A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 21242

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rui Pang

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: hydraulic structures; rockfill dams; dam safety; geotechnical engineering; seismic; reliability analysis; stochastic dynamic analysis; probability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Yantao Zhu

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Guest Editor

College of Water Conserwancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: hydraulic structures; concrete dams; dams and dikes; dam safety; structural health monitoring; reliability analysis; risk analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Binghan Xue

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Guest Editor

Division of Water Conservation and Hydropower Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Interests: hydraulic structures; arch dams; dams and dikes; dam safety; numerical method; seismic analysis; reservoir reinforcement; nondestructive testing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Xiang Yu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

School of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
Interests: dam engineering; overburden foundation, dynamic response; damage of concrete diaphragm structure; liquefaction and stability analysis; numerical analysis method; refined analysis method
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many civil and hydraulic engineering structures are built for the development of society and the economy. In addition, these engineering structures are large and complicated and include tall buildings, bridges, dams, subway systems, roads, railways, tunnels, ocean platforms, airports, etc. Thus, the safety of these large engineering structures is particularly important when it comes to normal engineering operations. This Special Issue focuses on the safety of civil and hydraulic structures. We would like to invite you to submit your research paper to this Special Issue. Suitable topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

(1) Numerical simulation;

(2) Material properties

(3) Reliability analysis;

(4) Risk analysis;

(5) Seismic analysis;

(6) Safety precautions;

(7) Safety monitoring;

(8) Safety operation;

(9) Safety evaluation methods;

(10) Safety management.

All aspects related to civil and hydraulic engineering safety are included and can be submitted to this Special Issue.

Dr. Rui Pang
Dr. Yantao Zhu
Dr. Binghan Xue
Dr. Xiang Yu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

safety
civil engineering
hydraulic engineering

Published Papers (14 papers)

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19 pages, 3783 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Current Status and Future Directions of Construction Safety Climate: Visual Analysis Based on WOS Database

by Xun Liu, Zhiyuan Xue, Zhenhan Ding and Siyu Chen

Sustainability 2023, 15(5), 3911; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su15053911 - 21 Feb 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1464

Abstract

Construction safety climate (CSC) has become an important part of the construction safety research field in recent years. This paper analyzes the current research status, hot spots, and trends of CSC by sorting 531 articles in the Web of Science (WOS) database from 2017–2022 through the visualization software VOSviewer. The study shows that (1) China has made significant contributions to CSC research, with Chan, A.P.C. being the most published and cited scholars in recent years, respectively, laying the foundation for CSC; (2) the hotspots of CSC include two main directions, namely research on CSC dimensions and evaluation systems, and the combination with cross-cutting themes (such as safety culture, safety performance, and safety behavior); (3) the research on CSC and safety behavior has become one of the most prominent research directions, mainly divided into two aspects, namely workers’ causes and external causes; (4) a warning system of safety behavior for construction workers through CSC is still worthy of exploration. The results of this study could help scholars clarify the research lineage and current situation in this field and to grasp future research directions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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23 pages, 36238 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Numerical and Experimental Study on Propagation Attenuation of Leakage Vibration Acceleration Signal of the Buried Water Pipe

by Xuan Yang, Fuming Wang, Xiang Yu and Shaohui Li

Sustainability 2022, 14(23), 16071; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142316071 - 01 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1369

Abstract

For detecting water pipeline leakage signals, in the past people preferred to use sensors to obtain the leakage signal and then use various means and methods to remove noise to increase the positioning accuracy. However, as the leakage signal is generated, it spreads along the pipeline wrapped in soil. In this process, the signal will change significantly, eventually becoming very different from the original signal. As such, the detection accuracy will decline, as the detection distance becomes longer. Despite this, few researchers have considered the distortion caused by signal propagation in the whole process and instead use the distorted signal characteristics for positioning. This direction needs to be further studied. In this paper, the acceleration signal of leakage vibration is taken as the research object using a combination of tests and numerical simulation. The acceleration signals from the leakage source are collected and simulated at different distances. The reliability of the numerical simulation model is verified by using the inversion theory, and the influence of soil with different elastic modulus on the acceleration signal is expanded. Research findings: (a) For the attenuation of the acceleration signal of pipeline leakage vibration along the pipeline, the elastic modulus of soil around the pipeline in the numerical simulation model is about 3.3 times its compression modulus, which is closer to the actual situation. (b) The attenuation of the acceleration signal amplitude of pipeline leakage vibration conforms to the characteristics of an exponential function. The higher the elastic modulus of soil, the stronger the signal attenuation. (c) The soil with different elastic modulus has different absorption capacities to signal components, and the high-frequency part of the acceleration signal attenuates faster. (d) The group velocity of the leakage vibration signal is 929 m/s, and the different elastic modulus of soil will affect the group velocity of the leakage vibration signal. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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17 pages, 6802 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Combination Model for Displacement Interval Prediction of Concrete Dams Based on Residual Estimation

by Xin Yang, Yan Xiang, Guangze Shen and Meng Sun

Sustainability 2022, 14(23), 16025; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142316025 - 30 Nov 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1031

Abstract

Accurate prediction and reasonable warning for dam displacement are important contents of dam safety monitoring. However, it is difficult to identify abnormal displacement based on deterministic point prediction results. In response, this paper proposes a model that integrates several strategies to achieve high-precision point prediction and interval prediction of dam displacement. Specifically, the interval prediction of dam displacement is realized in three stages. In the first stage, a displacement prediction model based on Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) is constructed. In the second stage, the prediction error sequence of XGBoost model is generated by the residual estimation method proposed in this paper, and the residual prediction model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is constructed through the maximum likelihood estimation method. In the third stage, the interval estimation of the noise sequence composed of the training error of the ANN model is carried out. Finally, the results obtained above are combined to realize the interval prediction of the dam displacement. The performance of the proposed model is verified by the monitoring data of an actual concrete dam. The results show that the hybrid model can not only achieve better point prediction accuracy than the single model, but also provide high quality interval prediction results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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11 pages, 1302 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on the Effect of Pile Foundation Reinforcement of Embankment on Slope of Soft Soil

by Feifei Wang, Jinggan Shao, Wenkai Li, Yafei Wang, Longfei Wang and Honglin Liu

Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14359; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142114359 - 02 Nov 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1676

Abstract

In order to study the working mechanisms of pile foundations applied to embankment engineering on weak slope foundations, a finite element model of embankment on weak slope foundation reinforced by a pile foundation is established. The influence of the position and the length of the pile foundation on the stability of the embankment is studied, and the mechanical response of the pile foundations are also studied. The results show that the different positions of the pile foundation have great influence on the safety factor and deformation of the embankment. The safety factor varies greatly from one reinforcement location to another. The maximum vertical deformation of the embankment reinforced by the 3 m pile is 27 times that of the 7 m. With different pile lengths, the horizontal displacement of the pile foundation can be significantly reduced by approximately 83.3% at most. The research results may provide more scientific help for the design of embankments on soft soil slopes reinforced by pile foundations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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14 pages, 4293 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Research on Leakage Mechanism of Underwater Shield Tunnels with Different Soil Layers during Operation Period

by Yang Shen, Ting Zhang, Hongtao Liu, Jiahui Zhu, Pengyu Yang and Yuke Wang

Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14276; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142114276 - 01 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1217

Abstract

Different soil layer properties have great influence on tunnel leakage. In this paper, the finite element software is used to analyze the homogeneous leakage model of different soil layers and different degrees of lining deterioration. The working conditions of different soil layer properties and different degrees of lining deterioration are established by means of soil layer permeability coefficient and lining permeability coefficient, and the law of tunnel leakage under each working condition is analyzed. This paper innovatively explores the relationship between the severity of tunnel seepage caused by different lining deterioration and the soil layer properties of the tunnel. Finally, by comparing the field survey data of Dinghuaimen with the leakage law and mechanism summarized by the model, the reliability and feasibility of the model method to explore the leakage mechanism are verified. The model test results are consistent with the project survey data. In this paper, the seepage law and mechanism of underwater shield tunnel are explored and the result shows: (1) The leakage laws and stress distribution laws of a single homogeneous soil layer with different strata properties are similar. The flow velocity in the lower half of the tunnel lining is greater than the upper half, and the maximum velocity occurs at the arch foot; the velocity inside the lining is much smaller than that inside the soil layer. The maximum absolute value of the axial stress of the lining occurs at the arch waist on the left and right sides, and the minimum values of the axial stress of absolute values all occur at the dome. (2) The leakage of underwater tunnels is related to the properties of soil layers. The larger the soil permeability coefficient is, the more serious the deterioration of the tunnel lining will be, and the more serious the tunnel leakage will be. (3) The leakage of complex strata follows the law of leakage in a single homogeneous stratum. The leakage of the tunnel is the most serious in the fine sand layer with the largest permeability coefficient. Moreover, when the seepage phenomenon occurs, the water flow tends to seep along the fine sand layer to the tunnel. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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9 pages, 2278 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Numerical Simulation Study on Lining Damage of Shield Tunnel under Train Load

by Feifei Wang, Jinggan Shao, Wenkai Li, Longfei Wang, Yafei Wang and Honglin Liu

Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14018; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142114018 - 27 Oct 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1272

Abstract

Under the long-term dynamic load influence of trains, shield tunnel structures are damaged. With the increase in operating number, cumulative damage gradually increases. When cumulative damage increases to a certain value, the tunnel lining produces cracks and loses tensile strength, which leads to tunnel deformation, damage, etc. In serious cases, the tunnel ceases operation, causing traffic accidents and casualties. Based on the finite element software ABAQUS, this paper analyses the change rule of tunnel lining damage under long-term dynamic train load and explores the influence of tunnel buried depth on the change rule of tunnel lining damage. The excitation force function is used to generate a series of dynamic and static loads superimposed by sine functions to simulate the dynamic loads of trains. Load is applied above the tunnel by writing DLOAD subprogram. The results show that the damage of tunnel lining mainly occurs at the arch foot and the structural damage in other places can be neglected. Under the same loading condition, the greater the tunnel lining damage is. Under the same loading conditions, the tunnel lining damage increases with the increase in buried depth. According to the test results, the mathematical expressions of cumulative damage value versus loading times at the location prone to fatigue damage. It provides theoretical reference for safety evaluation and protection of tunnel structure under long-term train load. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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13 pages, 3397 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer on the Properties of Cement-Fly Ash Cementitious Materials and Concrete

by Jianguo Chen, Yuling Zhu, Weilian Du, Mengxiang Li, Yifan Wang, Chunling Zhang, Mingsheng Shi and Binghan Xue

Sustainability 2022, 14(20), 13440; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su142013440 - 18 Oct 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1779

Abstract

Concrete materials often crack due to the temperature field caused by the early heat of hydration, affecting structural safety and normal use. To solve this problem, this paper proposes the method of incorporating polycarboxylate superplasticizer to improve its performance and explore the influence of polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the properties of cement-fly ash composite cementitious materials and concrete. Ordinary silicate was used to prepare cement-fly ash composite cementitious materials. Through isothermal conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and other testing methods, the influence of polycarboxylate water-reducing agent on the heat of hydration of cementitious materials was studied. In addition, the hydration products and microscopic morphology of the cementitious materials were analyzed, and the changes in the concrete properties due to the addition of polycarboxylate superplasticizers were discussed. The results showed that the polycarboxylate superplasticizer could delay the onset time of the hydration heat peak of the slurry and reduce the hydration heat peak, inhibit the crystallization of Ca(OH)₂ and AFt, improve the density of the slurry, and reduce the amount of chemically bound water. In addition, it could delay the overall hydration process of the cementitious material, where the adiabatic temperature increase rate and the early drying shrinkage rate of the concrete slowed down, and the mechanical properties and impermeability of the concrete improved. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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12 pages, 8512 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Seepage Characteristics Analysis on Earth Dams Considering Polymer Cutoff Wall with Construction Defects

by Yue Chen, Binghan Xue, Shu Zhang, Xueming Du and Mingsheng Shi

Sustainability 2022, 14(19), 11879; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su141911879 - 21 Sep 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1418

Abstract

In recent years, non-water reaction polymer grouting is a new technology for anti-seepage and reinforcement that has been widely employed in anti-seepage projects. However, there is little research on the consequence of defective polymer cutoff walls affecting the seepage safety of earth dams. To analyze the influence of the number, location, and randomness of defects in the wall on seepage characteristics of the earth dam, a three-dimensional finite element model of a typical earth dam with the polymer cutoff wall is established by numerical simulation technology. The model reflects the real geometry of the polymer cutoff wall as well as the internal common construction defects—windows and uneven thickness. The results indicate that construction deficiencies, especially defect rate and thickness uniformity, have a negative effect on the actual anti-seepage performance of the polymer wall. Eventually, the seepage safety of the earth dam may be endangered due to overestimation of the actual impermeability, if only assuming the cutoff wall is intact. Therefore, the index reflecting the integrity and the impermeability of the polymer cutoff wall is proposed, and the corresponding proposals are offered based on calculation results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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15 pages, 7149 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on the Construction Method and Effects of Ipsilateral, Multi-Nozzle, High-Pressure Jet Grouting Cut-Off Wall

by Da Liu, Weijiang Xie, Jianglin Gao, Songtao Hu, Ming Chen, Yan Li and Linhua Li

Sustainability 2022, 14(16), 10383; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su141610383 - 20 Aug 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1608

Abstract

High-pressure jet grouting is widely used in the construction of cut-off wall in hydraulic engineering. Compared to the high-pressure jet grouting used for foundation improvement, the high-pressure jet grouting cut-off wall of hydraulic engineering has lower requirements for the advance consolidation and provision of bearing capacity, and more focus on providing an anti-seepage effect and ensuring the continuous integrity of the wall. In the past, the research on high-pressure jet grouting focused more on the application to foundation treatments, and the research on the construction efficiency of cut-off wall is relatively insufficient. Therefore, in this study, a self-developed ipsilateral multi-nozzle jet grouting machine with a large drill diameter and construction method are proposed according to the construction characteristics of the embankment cut-off wall in hydraulic engineering. Based on the dyke protection projects, Jinggangshan navigation hydropower and Xingan navigation hydropower, the large-diameter, multi-nozzle, high-pressure jet cut-off wall test is carried out, and the wall forming effect of the cut-off wall is verified through the combination of indoor and outdoor tests. The results show that the proposed construction method can adapt to the formation conditions in which it is difficult to implement conventional high-pressure jet grouting, and obtains good construction efficiency. A favorable wall quality can be obtained by using more efficient large-diameter and ipsilateral multi-nozzle jet grouting in the construction of high-pressure jet cut-off wall. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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15 pages, 4936 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on Propagation Characteristics of Ground Penetrating Radar Wave in Dikes and Dams with Polymer Grouting Repair Using Finite-Difference Time-Domain with Perfectly Matched Layer Boundary Condition

by Zhifeng Dong, Binghan Xue, Jianwei Lei, Xiaohua Zhao and Jianglin Gao

Sustainability 2022, 14(16), 10293; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su141610293 - 18 Aug 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1145

Abstract

Non-aqueous reactive polymer grouting technology has been widely used in the repair engineering of dikes and dams with shallow diseases. By using the finite difference time-domain method and perfectly matched layer boundary conditions, the calculation model of dikes and dams with shallow diseases such as water-filled cave, air-filled cave and incompact area is established. The propagation process of electromagnetic waves of ground-penetrating radar in dikes and dams with shallow diseases using polymer grouting repair is simulated, and the forward simulation profiles and single-channel waveforms are obtained. The propagation characteristics such as waveform amplitude, waveform shape, transmission time, and reflection time are compared and analyzed. The results show that the forward simulation profiles of dikes and dams with water-filled caves before and after polymer grouting repair present two clusters of hyperbolas, but three clusters of hyperbolas with different amplitudes were observed at 50% repair. The amplitude of the hyperbola and the single-channel reflected waves before repair and 50% repair of the cave and incompact area are greater than those of 100% repair. The propagation characteristics of ground-penetrating radar can effectively explain the degree of polymer grouting repair for dikes and dams with shallow diseases, and provide a theoretical basis for using the ground-penetrating radar to evaluate the effect of polymer grouting technology to repair dikes and dams with shallow diseases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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14 pages, 3934 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Slope Instability Analysis in Permafrost Regions by Shear Strength Parameters and Numerical Simulation

by Bao Zhou, Yingli Zhang, Sailajia Wei, Zhongfu Wang, Wenfeng Zhu and Zhijia Xue

Sustainability 2022, 14(15), 9401; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14159401 - 01 Aug 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1513

Abstract

With the onset of global warming, the environment has profoundly changed. The melting of ice and slope instability were widely observed in the permafrost regions of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, which has destroyed infrastructure and threatened people’s safety. For this study, we conducted a direct shear test, monitored field temperature, and performed a numerical simulation to explore the mechanism of slope instability in the permafrost regions of the Qinghai. The results show that the shear strength of the permafrost soil decreased with the increases in water content and thawing condition. Moreover, the thawing depth of the slopes increased with the rising temperature. From the temperature monitoring data and field observations, cracks and slope instability phenomena were observed in the Qinghai and occurred with the thawing of the permafrost soil. The safety of slopes in the permafrost regions decreased with increases in the temperature, slope gradient, and pore water pressure and with decreases in the shear strength parameters. In addition, the sliding interface had a direct correlation with the freeze–thaw interface, which is a migrated interface of water in liquid form. Therefore, the thawing of the permafrost soil causes the shear strength to decrease and pore water pressure to increase, which leads to slope instability in the permafrost regions of the Qinghai. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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21 pages, 8518 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Safety Assessment of Channel Seepage by Using Monitoring Data and Detection Information

by Mengdie Zhao, Chao Zhang, Shoukai Chen and Haifeng Jiang

Sustainability 2022, 14(14), 8378; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14148378 - 08 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1093

Abstract

Seepage analysis has always been the focus of channel safety and stability research. Establishing a diagnosis method based on osmotic pressure monitoring data and combining the detection information to achieve osmotic safety is also an effective way to ensure the safety and stability of osmotic engineering. In this paper, a high-fill channel section of a water diversion project is taken as an example, and the study of osmotic safety is carried out by analyzing the engineering characteristics of linear engineering. High-fill channel sections were selected to study the temporal and spatial characteristics of various monitoring data reflecting the osmotic behavior of linear engineering; that is, these data reflect the time-varying regularity characteristics of the osmotic pressure value and the changing regularity of environmental variables. A single-point multifactor model of the monitoring data was established by establishing an evaluation index system, combining the monitoring index value method and the cloud model theory method according to the distribution law of the measured data and considering the uncertainty of the osmotic pressure data. Additionally, this model was integrated with the set pair analysis method to determine the monitoring data evaluation level; channel detection data information was collected, the abnormal detection of detection information was realized, and the monitoring data results were used to verify the detection results. In this way, an adaptive evaluation method reflecting the working behavior of high-filled channel sections is established, and a diagnostic technology for the safe operation of high-filled channel sections of linear engineering is proposed. The application results show that this method is suitable for engineering an osmotic safety assessment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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14 pages, 4901 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Time History Method of Three-Dimensional Dynamic Stability Analysis for High Earth-Rockfill Dam and Its Application

by Han Yuan, Xiang Yu, Degao Zou, Yuke Wang, Minghao Li and Junchi Liu

Sustainability 2022, 14(11), 6671; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su14116671 - 30 May 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1562

Abstract

Accurately grasping the stability characteristics of high earth-rockfill dam slopes is the key to the seismic safety evaluation of dams. In this research, the development and application of the common methods for slope stability analysis are reviewed firstly. Then, a three-dimensional dynamic time history stability analysis method is presented, and corresponding software is developed based on the sliding surface finite element stress method combined with the three-dimensional finite element dynamic response. This method makes the three-dimensional dynamic stability analysis efficient, and the effectiveness of this software is verified. Finally, the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) dynamic stability analyses of a high concrete face dam are carried out, and the stability of the dam’s downstream slope under seismic load is studied. The results indicate that there are many differences between the results of the traditional 2D and 3D stability analyses. The time history of the safety factor, local safety behavior, overall shape and spatial position of the potential sliding body, and even the sliding process of failure can be captured with 3D stability analysis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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14 pages, 5373 KiB

Open AccessTechnical Note

Seismic Deformation Evaluation of High Concrete Face Rockfill Dam Based on Stochastic Dynamic Analysis Method

by Yuanmin Yang, Rui Pang and Zhuo Rong

Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2043; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su15032043 - 20 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1309

Abstract

Most of the existing studies on high dams under seismic action use stable ground motions, which cannot simulate the non-stationary process of practical ground motions well. Although many scholars have studied the special characteristics of ground motion frequency and intensity lately, relatively few systematic studies have been carried out for the residual deformation of practical high dam projects. In this paper, considering the special characteristics of ground motions, 144 non-stationary stochastic seismic acceleration time histories are generated by the spectral expression-random function method, and stochastic dynamic calculations are carried out for four three-dimensional models of Gushui, Lava, Dashixia, and Ciha Gorge, respectively. We analyze the acceleration and residual deformation laws of four concrete face rockfill dams (CFRDs) based on the generalized probability density evolution method (GPDEM) and extreme value distribution theory. According to the results, the reference value of the dam body deformation of the 250 m panel under different seismic intensities is given, and the settlement at the dam crest is proposed. When the safety control standard is 1.0~1.1%, the ultimate seismic capacity of the 250 m face rockfill dam is 0.7~0.8 g. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Safety)

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