Research

19 pages, 6505 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimization of Equipment Operation in Power Systems Based on the Use in the Design of Frequency-Dependent Models

by Yury Monakov, Alexander Tarasov, Alexander Ivannikov, Alexander Murzintsev and Nikita Shutenko

Energies 2023, 16(18), 6756; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en16186756 - 21 Sep 2023

Viewed by 765

This article is devoted to the biggest problem of our time: the development of modern and highly efficient equipment for energy systems. We propose improved mathematical models for starting asynchronous motors in isolated power systems. The results of experiments carried out on a [...] Read more.

This article is devoted to the biggest problem of our time: the development of modern and highly efficient equipment for energy systems. We propose improved mathematical models for starting asynchronous motors in isolated power systems. The results of experiments carried out on a model of an isolated network are presented. Both frequency-dependent and frequency-independent models were used. A comparison of various models is given. The advantages of the frequency-dependent model, which provides a more accurate representation of the processes, are shown. The obtained results were discussed, and the possibility of their use for future research was assessed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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21 pages, 2041 KiB

Open AccessArticle

On the Issue of the Creation and Functioning of Energy Efficiency Management Systems for Technological Processes of Mining Enterprises

by Ulvi Rzazade, Sergey Deryabin, Igor Temkin, Egor Kondratev and Alexander Ivannikov

Energies 2023, 16(13), 4878; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en16134878 - 22 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 824

Abstract

This work is devoted to the construction and analysis of the functioning of energy efficiency management systems for the technological processes of mining industries. The main idea of this work is to substantiate and describe an approach to the intellectualization of data processing [...] Read more.

This work is devoted to the construction and analysis of the functioning of energy efficiency management systems for the technological processes of mining industries. The main idea of this work is to substantiate and describe an approach to the intellectualization of data processing methods and tools used in the operation of energy efficiency management systems. This paper provides a brief overview of the problems of implementing the ISO 50001 standard and provides a justification for the need to bring the energy efficiency management systems prescribed by the standard to an automated form. Functional requirements for the construction of such automated systems for mining industries, considering the use of Industry 4.0 technologies, are formulated. A structural–functional model of the conceptual architecture of the proposed system is given. The problems of the direct integration of computational methods of data mining for the implementation of the required functions are shown. A statistical analysis of the technological information of 11 enterprises is presented, confirming the described problems and the validity of the stated requirements for building the system. Based on the results of the work, steps to eliminate problems and further plans for the modernization of energy efficiency management systems in the industry have been identified. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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19 pages, 4473 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Simulation Analysis of Heat Pumps Application for the Purposes of the Silesian Botanical Garden Facilities in Poland

by Piotr Ciuman, Jan Kaczmarczyk and Małgorzata Jastrzębska

Energies 2023, 16(1), 340; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en16010340 - 28 Dec 2022

Viewed by 2005

Abstract

Generating energy from renewable sources is becoming more and more popular and widespread. Air source heat pumps are one of the most popular types of heat pumps due to the general availability of a heat source and relatively low investment costs. The aim [...] Read more.

Generating energy from renewable sources is becoming more and more popular and widespread. Air source heat pumps are one of the most popular types of heat pumps due to the general availability of a heat source and relatively low investment costs. The aim of the paper was to investigate the impact of the use of air heat pumps on the improvement of energy efficiency of Silesian Botanical Garden facilities in Poland. Year-round numerical analyses of energy consumption were carried out with the use of IDA ICE software, based on data received from the facility administrator. Different variants of the boiler room configuration including air-to-water heat pumps were analysed. The results showed that implementation of heat pumps led to significant decrease of energy consumption in the building and reduction of values of Primary Energy and CO₂ emission. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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16 pages, 2022 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of a Numerical Method for Calculating a Gas Supply System during a Period of Change in Thermal Loads

by Vadim Fetisov, Aleksey V. Shalygin, Svetlana A. Modestova, Vladimir K. Tyan and Changjin Shao

Energies 2023, 16(1), 60; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en16010060 - 21 Dec 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2266

Abstract

Nowadays, modern gas supply systems are complex. They consist of gas distribution stations; high-, medium-, and low-pressure gas networks; gas installations; and control points. These systems are designed to provide natural gas to the population, including domestic, industrial, and agricultural consumers. This study [...] Read more.

Nowadays, modern gas supply systems are complex. They consist of gas distribution stations; high-, medium-, and low-pressure gas networks; gas installations; and control points. These systems are designed to provide natural gas to the population, including domestic, industrial, and agricultural consumers. This study is aimed at developing methods for improving the calculation of gas distribution networks. The gas supply system should ensure an uninterrupted and safe gas supply to consumers that is easy to operate and provides the possibility of shutting down its individual elements for preventive, repair, and emergency recovery work. Therefore, this study presents a mathematical calculation method to find the optimal operating conditions for any gas network during the period of seasonal changes in thermal loads. This method demonstrates how the reliability of gas distribution systems and resistance to non-standard critical loads are affected by consumers based on the time of year, month, and day, and external factors such as outdoor temperature. The results in this study show that this method will enable the implementation of tools for testing various management strategies for the gas distribution network. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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13 pages, 2316 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Development of the Toxic and Flammable Gases Concentration Monitoring System for Coalmines

by Alexander Vitalevich Martirosyan and Yury Valerievich Ilyushin

Energies 2022, 15(23), 8917; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15238917 - 25 Nov 2022

Cited by 25 | Viewed by 1573

Abstract

Coal mining is still an important part of the global energy complex. Despite the active development of technologies and modern equipment, coal mining remains one of the most dangerous jobs in the world. The main danger is associated with a large number of [...] Read more.

Coal mining is still an important part of the global energy complex. Despite the active development of technologies and modern equipment, coal mining remains one of the most dangerous jobs in the world. The main danger is associated with a large number of the hard-predictable factors, such as the opening of a toxic and flammable gas blister, the collapse of a mine due to a violation of the mines’ structural integrity, etc. There are software and hardware systems capable of monitoring the necessary parameters, but the problem lies in the complexity and costliness of the implementation and maintenance, so even for the largest enterprises, the widespread implementation of such systems is unprofitable. Previously conducted studies have established that most of the developed coal mining monitoring systems are very expensive to implement and labor-consuming to use and support. This article proposes to consider the developed prototype of a system for toxic and flammable gases concentration real-time monitoring, capable of reading the information with sufficient speed and transferring it to a system which triggers the response mechanism in cases where the specified concentration limits would be exceeded. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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28 pages, 8739 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Installation’s Conception in the Field of Renewable Energy Sources for the Needs of the Silesian Botanical Garden

by Małgorzata Jastrzębska

Energies 2022, 15(18), 6598; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15186598 - 09 Sep 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1926

Abstract

This study presents the specificity of the Silesian Botanical Garden (SBG) and its importance in protecting biodiversity in the Silesia area in Poland. Due to the special socio-ecological nature of the SBG and the request of the Garden’s Director, various types of renewable [...] Read more.

This study presents the specificity of the Silesian Botanical Garden (SBG) and its importance in protecting biodiversity in the Silesia area in Poland. Due to the special socio-ecological nature of the SBG and the request of the Garden’s Director, various types of renewable energy sources (RESs) installations were considered. These installations were intended to fulfill an educational function for society and meet the energy demands of the SBG. The concepts of on-grid and off-grid, including wind turbine, a system of photovoltaic panels (PVPs), and pumped storage hydropower plant (PSHP), were taken into account in the geoengineering analysis. The guidelines of the RESs device manufacturers do not consider complex soil–water conditions, the value of the loading forces (including influences from wind, temperature, snow, and soil pressure) related to a specific location (e.g., insolation), etc. The preliminary analysis of possible solutions showed that the energy from renewable energy sources meets the demands of the Garden on an annual cycle. In addition, the proposed conceptions take into account the specificity of the Silesian Botanical Garden (for example, a set of photovoltaic panels looks like a solar tree) and interfere with the landscape and ecosystem as little as possible. The selection of specific devices and materials and the accurate design of the proposed solutions may take place in a larger group of specialists in the field of geotechnics, mechanics, energetics, electricity, aerodynamics, etc., after obtaining financing by the SBG authorities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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10 pages, 1726 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of a Process Control System for the Production of High-Paraffin Oil

by Yury V. Ilyushin

Energies 2022, 15(17), 6462; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15176462 - 04 Sep 2022

Cited by 37 | Viewed by 1568

Abstract

This work is aimed at developing methods for increasing the production of heavy crude oil while optimizing energy costs. Various methods have been studied for recovering heavy oil from deep reservoirs. Based on the developed methods, a number of dynamic models have been [...] Read more.

This work is aimed at developing methods for increasing the production of heavy crude oil while optimizing energy costs. Various methods have been studied for recovering heavy oil from deep reservoirs. Based on the developed methods, a number of dynamic models have been obtained that describe the behavior of the temperature field in the tubing. Estimations of thermal deformation are carried out. On the basis of dynamic models, fundamentally new devices are obtained and registered in the prescribed manner, providing a subsystem for automated process control systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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24 pages, 16841 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Design and Construction of Foundations for Industrial Facilities in the Areas of Former Post-Mining Waste Dumps

by Marian Łupieżowiec, Jarosław Rybak, Zenon Różański, Przemysław Dobrzycki and Witold Jędrzejczyk

Energies 2022, 15(16), 5766; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15165766 - 09 Aug 2022

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 1783

Abstract

This article presents the characteristics of the heaps resulting from coal exploitation in terms of the possibility of their development for industrial facilities. The chances of soil improvement and the existing threats were indicated, emphasising the risk of self-ignition. The most effective technologies [...] Read more.

This article presents the characteristics of the heaps resulting from coal exploitation in terms of the possibility of their development for industrial facilities. The chances of soil improvement and the existing threats were indicated, emphasising the risk of self-ignition. The most effective technologies are dynamic or impulse compaction, which allows deep soil improvement and the obtaining of an appropriately rigid and load-bearing subsoil. The homogeneity of the soil’s mechanical properties that form the subsoil is also essential, which guarantees compliance with the serviceability limit state. A very important aspect of the investment process in the post-mining waste dumps is the risk of auto-ignition of the accumulated material. Considerations and analyses are presented on the example of the implementation of Panatonni service, warehouse, and production halls in Ruda Śląska. The performance of impulse compaction allowed for the safe construction of industrial halls. In particular, the tests carried out on the thermal state of the dumps confirmed the lack of an unacceptable risk of endogenous fire in the dump mass. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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15 pages, 3506 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study of the Pipeline in Emergency Operation and Assessing the Magnitude of the Gas Leak

by Andrey Schipachev, Vadim Fetisov, Ayrat Nazyrov, Lee Donghee and Abdurakhmat Khamrakulov

Energies 2022, 15(14), 5294; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en15145294 - 21 Jul 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2102

Abstract

Accidents on gas pipelines cause significant damage to the national economy and the economy of the state. Thus, it is necessary to always be prepared for such situations in order to restore the normal operation of the gas pipeline as soon as possible. [...] Read more.

Accidents on gas pipelines cause significant damage to the national economy and the economy of the state. Thus, it is necessary to always be prepared for such situations in order to restore the normal operation of the gas pipeline as soon as possible. An important role is played by the execution time of the control actions to localize the accident, pump out the gas, and change the operating modes. It is essential that such control be undertaken, especially if such a situation occurs near a gas-measuring installation for measuring the amount of vented gas. Therefore, the control actions must be error-free in order to quickly stop the non-stationary process, which can lead to undesirable consequences. The paper presents a mathematical model of the operation of the pipeline, developed for the management of the pipeline in an emergency. The analysis of the problem of the occurrence of accidents was carried out, and the effect of liquid on its walls was modeled when the operating mode of the pipeline changed. An example is presented using a numerical model carried out in ANSYS, as well as being analyzed analytically. The results of the calculations are presented, and special attention is paid to the parameters influencing the change in the operating mode of the pipeline. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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24 pages, 6169 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Design of Passive Building Foundations in the Polish Climatic Conditions

by Tomasz Godlewski, Łukasz Mazur, Olga Szlachetka, Marcin Witowski, Stanisław Łukasik and Eugeniusz Koda

Energies 2021, 14(23), 7855; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/en14237855 - 23 Nov 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2517

Abstract

A Passive House (PH) system is not only an opportunity but also a necessity for the further development of sustainable eco-buildings. Construction of the foundation in energy-efficient houses is the key to maintaining low energy losses. The appropriate selection of building materials requires [...] Read more.

A Passive House (PH) system is not only an opportunity but also a necessity for the further development of sustainable eco-buildings. Construction of the foundation in energy-efficient houses is the key to maintaining low energy losses. The appropriate selection of building materials requires considering the thermal conditions of the environment, including its location and the zero isotherms in the ground. The main objective of this work is to analyze the possibilities of designing foundations for PHs in Poland, according to the current methodological data. In order to realize the basic aims, the work was divided into the following materials and methods: (I) literature review; (II) database of PH in Central Europe; (III) method of depth of ground freezing determination; (IV) selection of the joint of slab-on-ground foundation and external wall to analysis; (V) description and validation of the heat-transfer model. The result of the research work is: (i) analysis of the foundation under the conditions of freezing of the ground in Poland; (ii) description and validation of the heat-transfer model. The research has revealed that in the Polish climate zone, the most efficient solution for passive buildings is to build them on a foundation slab. The foundation of a building below the latest specified ground frost depths in Poland is inefficient in terms of, for example, thermal insulation, economics, and the idea of PH. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geotechnologies and Structures in the Energy Sector)

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