Mycotoxins in Food: From Prediction to Management and Control

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 2594

Special Issue Editor

1. School of Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
2. Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: food safety and metabolic toxicology; mass spectrometry metabolomics; mycotoxin combined toxicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that are widely present in food, leading to acute poisoning symptoms and physical damage to animals and humans. Some fungal species can produce more than one mycotoxin, and some specific mycotoxins can be produced by different fungal species. Indeed, the co-contamination of agricultural commodities with multiple mycotoxins is frequently observed. Multi-mycotoxin contamination is, therefore, also expected to arise in products destined for human and animal consumption. Although more than 400 mycotoxins have been identified to date, they can be transformed into masked forms by phase I metabolism, phase II metabolism, certain chemical reactions or unknown effects. These masked mycotoxins are undetectable using conventional analytical techniques because their structure has changed. Thus, their toxicity has only been partially resolved.

This Special Issue aims to collect up-to-date studies on the following topics:

  • The structure prediction methods of novel mycotoxins.
  • The detection methods of multi-mycotoxins.
  • Approaches to the management and control of mycotoxin.
  • Mass databases of masked mycotoxins.
  • The combined toxicity or novel toxicity of mycotoxins.
  • Forecasting models for estimating the level of mycotoxins in food.

We invite authors to submit both original research studies and critical review papers to this Special Issue of Foods.

Dr. Jian Ji
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mycotoxins
  • structure prediction
  • toxicity prediction
  • management and control
  • masked mycotoxins
  • forecasting models
  • combined toxicity
  • mycotoxin database
  • machine learning

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1696 KiB  
Article
Mycotoxin Determination in Peaches and Peach Products with a Modified QuEChERS Extraction Procedure Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS Analysis
by Hong Xie, Yinping Li, Jiaxing Li, Yinglong Chen, Jing Li, Lixue Kuang, Syed Asim Shah Bacha, Tiejun Zhang and Yuehui Chao
Foods 2023, 12(17), 3216; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/foods12173216 - 26 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1016
Abstract
Peaches are the most significant temperate fruit crop worldwide. However, peach fruits are susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin contamination. Consequently, monitoring the residual levels of multiple mycotoxins in peaches and related products is essential. In this study, a novel method based on QuEChERS [...] Read more.
Peaches are the most significant temperate fruit crop worldwide. However, peach fruits are susceptible to fungal and mycotoxin contamination. Consequently, monitoring the residual levels of multiple mycotoxins in peaches and related products is essential. In this study, a novel method based on QuEChERS extraction, followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) detection, was developed for analyzing 14 mycotoxins in peaches and peach products from China. Matrix-matched calibrations were employed to accurately quantify the mycotoxins and compensate for matrix effects. Recoveries for the target analytes ranged from 84.6% to 117.6%, with intra-day and inter-day precision below 20%. The limits of quantification were 2 or 5 μg/L for the 14 mycotoxins. This method was utilized to detect the presence of target mycotoxins in 109 fresh peaches, 100 diseased peaches, and 89 peach products from China. Six mycotoxins were identified in the rotten parts of the diseased peaches, with concentrations ranging from 5.2 to 1664.3 µg/kg. In the remaining parts of the diseased peach samples, only two toxins, alternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), were quantified at levels of 15.3 µg/kg and 15.5 µg/kg, respectively. No mycotoxins were detected in fresh peaches. For peach products, all contamination levels were below the quantitative limits and significantly lower than the maximum legal limits established for the products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycotoxins in Food: From Prediction to Management and Control)
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12 pages, 427 KiB  
Article
Fusarium Mycotoxins and OTA in Beer from Shanghai, the Largest Megacity in China: Occurrence and Dietary Risk Assessment
by Anqi Xu, Haiyan Zhou, Shenghao Yu, Yiqi Li, Lan Wang, Aibo Wu, Jiang Liang, Shaojie Peng and Na Liu
Foods 2023, 12(16), 3071; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/foods12163071 - 16 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1169
Abstract
Beer is susceptible to mycotoxin contamination originating from infected grains. It could be that mycotoxins are not completely removed during the brewing process and remain in the final product. Nevertheless, there have been no surveys of exposure to mycotoxin for Chinese inhabitants through [...] Read more.
Beer is susceptible to mycotoxin contamination originating from infected grains. It could be that mycotoxins are not completely removed during the brewing process and remain in the final product. Nevertheless, there have been no surveys of exposure to mycotoxin for Chinese inhabitants through beer consumption. This study aimed to investigate the presence of eight mycotoxins in 158 beer samples purchased in Shanghai, the largest megacity in China. The multiple mycotoxins determination was carried out using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Our findings revealed that 48.1% (76/158) of the beer samples were contaminated with Fusarium toxins. Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) and zearalenone (ZEN) were detected in 34.81% and 16.46% of the total samples, respectively. The significant differences between D3G/ZEN contamination and various beer types were performed. Furthermore, this study performed a health risk assessment for Shanghai residents based on data for Fusarium toxins and ochratoxin A (OTA) present in beer for the first time. The results revealed that the 95th percentile dietary exposures of Shanghai residents did not pose any chronic or acute health risks, either individually or in combination. Dietary exposures to Fusarium toxins revealed different risk levels among residents. The cumulative health risk for women is higher than that for men at the same beer consumption. In addition, the acute risk of DONs exposure for adults deserves concern. The insights obtained from this study may be of assistance for beer manufacturers and governmental regulators to further develop beer monitoring and guarantee public health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycotoxins in Food: From Prediction to Management and Control)
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