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Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2.0
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Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 2872

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Bhagavatula Moorthy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
Interests: cytochrome P450; Ah receptor; hyperoxic lung injury; ARDS; bronchopulmonary dysplasia; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; carcinogenesis; oxidative stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Romi Ghose

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Health Building 2, Room 7045, 4849 Calhoun Rd., Houston, TX 77204-5037, USA
Interests: regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes during inflammation; obesity and diseases; gastrointestinal toxicity of chemotherapy drugs; pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are in the midst of establishing a Special Issue on the hot topic “Cytochrome P450” for the journal IJMS. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a superfamily of enzymes that function as monooxygenases and contain heme as a cofactor. In mammals, these proteins oxidize steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics, and are important for the clearance of various compounds as well as for hormone synthesis and breakdown. In plants, these proteins are important for the biosynthesis of defensive compounds, fatty acids, and hormones.

CYP enzymes have been identified in all kingdoms of life: animals, plants, fungi, protists, bacteria, archaea, and even in viruses. More than 50,000 distinct CYP proteins are known. CYPs are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. There are 57 CYP isoforms in humans, and their role in human drug metabolism, including chemotherapeutic drugs, is well known. However, their role in the metabolism of endogenous substrates is not completely understood. Hence, there is a need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms of CYP regulation and the molecular role of CYP in the metabolism of drugs, nutrients, xenobiotics, and endogenous compounds.

Original manuscripts and reviews dealing with the regulation and role of CYP enzymes in metabolism of xenobiotics or endobiotics are invited for consideration, for publication in IJMS.

Prof. Dr. Bhagavatula Moorthy
Dr. Romi Ghose
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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16 pages, 2885 KiB  
Article
Attenuation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH)-Induced Carcinogenesis and Tumorigenesis by Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Mice In Vivo
by Guobin Xia, Guodong Zhou, Weiwu Jiang, Chun Chu, Lihua Wang and Bhagavatula Moorthy
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 3781; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms25073781 - 28 Mar 2024
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Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A and 1B1 to DNA-reactive metabolites, which could lead to mutations in critical genes, eventually resulting in cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids, such as [...] Read more.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A and 1B1 to DNA-reactive metabolites, which could lead to mutations in critical genes, eventually resulting in cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are beneficial against cancers. In this investigation, we elucidated the mechanisms by which omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA will attenuate PAH-DNA adducts and lung carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis mediated by the PAHs BP and MC. Adult wild-type (WT) (A/J) mice, Cyp1a1-null, Cyp1a2-null, or Cyp1b1-null mice were exposed to PAHs benzo[a]pyrene (BP) or 3-methylcholanthrene (MC), and the effects of omega-3 fatty acid on PAH-mediated lung carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis were studied. The major findings were as follows: (i) omega-3 fatty acids significantly decreased PAH-DNA adducts in the lungs of each of the genotypes studied; (ii) decreases in PAH-DNA adduct levels by EPA/DHA was in part due to inhibition of CYP1B1; (iii) inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enhanced the EPA/DHA-mediated prevention of pulmonary carcinogenesis; and (iv) EPA/DHA attenuated PAH-mediated carcinogenesis in part by epigenetic mechanisms. Taken together, our results suggest that omega-3 fatty acids have the potential to be developed as cancer chemo-preventive agents in people. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2.0)
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Review

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24 pages, 1983 KiB  
Review
An Updated Overview of the Role of CYP450 during Xenobiotic Metabolization in Regulating the Acute Myeloid Leukemia Microenvironment
by Cristian Sandoval, Yolanda Calle, Karina Godoy and Jorge Farías
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(7), 6031; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms24076031 - 23 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1981
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with several acute and chronic disorders, including hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia, the most prevalent acute leukemia in adults. Xenobiotics are usually harmless compounds that may be detrimental, such as pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants, cosmetics, and even food [...] Read more.
Oxidative stress is associated with several acute and chronic disorders, including hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia, the most prevalent acute leukemia in adults. Xenobiotics are usually harmless compounds that may be detrimental, such as pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants, cosmetics, and even food additives. The storage of xenobiotics can serve as a defense mechanism or a means of bioaccumulation, leading to adverse effects. During the absorption, metabolism, and cellular excretion of xenobiotics, three steps may be distinguished: (i) inflow by transporter enzymes, (ii) phases I and II, and (iii) phase III. Phase I enzymes, such as those in the cytochrome P450 superfamily, catalyze the conversion of xenobiotics into more polar compounds, contributing to an elevated acute myeloid leukemia risk. Furthermore, genetic polymorphism influences the variability and susceptibility of related myeloid neoplasms, infant leukemias associated with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangements, and a subset of de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Recent research has shown a sustained interest in determining the regulators of cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily E, member 1 (CYP2E1) expression and activity as an emerging field that requires further investigation in acute myeloid leukemia evolution. Therefore, this review suggests that CYP2E1 and its mutations can be a therapeutic or diagnostic target in acute myeloid leukemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2.0)
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