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Nutrients
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Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
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Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2024 | Viewed by 11092

Special Issue Editor

Dr. János Tamás Varga

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: cytokines; lung; lung diseases; asthma; physiotherapy; physical education; respiratory physiology; plasma; exercise science; chronic heart failure; nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic systemic inflammation, extrapulmonary comorbidities, variable/poor appetite, low energy intake and increased nutritional needs tend to push the energy balance into the catabolism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Sarcopenia, weight loss, low body mass index (BMI) and low fat-free mass (FFM) justify the need of early complex dietary interventions, oral nutritional supplements, and supplementation with specific nutrients (e.g., vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids). Special nutrients may also be needed to compensate for energy and protein deficiencies and improve the physiological processes in patients with malnutrition/cachexia in a pulmonary rehabilitation program. A patient’s exercise tolerance, respiratory function and quality of life will also improve if the nutritional condition of the patients improve—it has an additive effect. This requires individualized, early multimodal interventions with the coordinated efforts of a pulmonologist, a pulmonary rehabilitation specialist, a dietician and a physiotherapist.

Dr. János Tamás Varga
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • COPD
  • nutritional state
  • catabolism
  • calorie intake
  • sarcopenia
  • nutritional supplements
  • vitamins
  • antioxidants
  • minerals
  • polyunsaturated fatty acids

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 948 KiB  
Article
The Synergistic Effect of Dietary Acid Load Levels and Cigarette Smoking Status on the Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Healthy, Middle-Aged Korean Men
by Jihyun Park, Mi Ri Ha, Juhyun Song and Oh Yoen Kim
Nutrients 2023, 15(18), 4063; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15184063 - 20 Sep 2023
Viewed by 980
Abstract
We investigated whether cigarette smoking and dietary acid load (DAL) are associated with a risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in healthy, middle-aged Korean men. Healthy men without diagnosed chronic disease (aged 40–64 years) from the KNHANES-VI (2013–2015) were included in the [...] Read more.
We investigated whether cigarette smoking and dietary acid load (DAL) are associated with a risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in healthy, middle-aged Korean men. Healthy men without diagnosed chronic disease (aged 40–64 years) from the KNHANES-VI (2013–2015) were included in the analysis (n = 774) and were subdivided by smoking status and DAL levels, as estimated using the quartile of net endogenous acid production (NEAP). The current smokers tended to have a higher risk of COPD than the never-smokers before and after adjustment. When divided by the DAL quartile, the Q4 group tended to have a higher risk of COPD than the Q1 group. Additionally, the current smokers with lower (Q2), modest (Q3), and the highest NEAP scores (Q4) showed risks of COPD that were more than fourfold higher than those of the never-smokers with the lowest NEAP scores (Q1). The ex-smokers with higher NEAP scores (Q3 and Q4) showed risks of COPD that were more than fourfold higher than those of the Q1 group. Interestingly, the risk of COPD was also more than sixfold higher in the never-smokers with the highest NEAP scores compared to that in the Q1 group. The NEAP scores and smoking status synergistically increased the risk of COPD in healthy, middle-aged Korean men. This suggests that DAL levels are an important factor in the prevention and management of COPD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD))
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Review

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19 pages, 436 KiB  
Review
The Role of Nutrition in the Development and Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
by Allison Heefner, Tijana Simovic, Kasey Mize and Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez
Nutrients 2024, 16(8), 1136; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16081136 - 11 Apr 2024
Viewed by 718
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent lung condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The management of COPD classically involves pulmonary rehabilitation, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids. An aspect of COPD management that is currently lacking in the literature is nutritional management, despite [...] Read more.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent lung condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The management of COPD classically involves pulmonary rehabilitation, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids. An aspect of COPD management that is currently lacking in the literature is nutritional management, despite the prevalence of inadequate nutritional status in patients with COPD. In addition, certain nutritional imbalances have been reported to increase the risk of COPD development. This review summarizes the current literature on the role diet and nutrients may play in the risk and management of COPD development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD))
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32 pages, 858 KiB  
Review
Combined Exercise Training and Nutritional Interventions or Pharmacological Treatments to Improve Exercise Capacity and Body Composition in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review
by Bente Brauwers, Felipe V. C. Machado, Rosanne J. H. C. G. Beijers, Martijn A. Spruit and Frits M. E. Franssen
Nutrients 2023, 15(24), 5136; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15245136 - 18 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1954
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease that is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The burden of respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation can translate to reduced physical activity, in turn contributing to poor exercise capacity, muscle dysfunction, [...] Read more.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease that is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The burden of respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation can translate to reduced physical activity, in turn contributing to poor exercise capacity, muscle dysfunction, and body composition abnormalities. These extrapulmonary features of the disease are targeted during pulmonary rehabilitation, which provides patients with tailored therapies to improve the physical and emotional status. Patients with COPD can be divided into metabolic phenotypes, including cachectic, sarcopenic, normal weight, obese, and sarcopenic with hidden obesity. To date, there have been many studies performed investigating the individual effects of exercise training programs as well as nutritional and pharmacological treatments to improve exercise capacity and body composition in patients with COPD. However, little research is available investigating the combined effect of exercise training with nutritional or pharmacological treatments on these outcomes. Therefore, this review focuses on exploring the potential additional beneficial effects of combinations of exercise training and nutritional or pharmacological treatments to target exercise capacity and body composition in patients with COPD with different metabolic phenotypes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD))
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20 pages, 818 KiB  
Review
Roles of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Managing Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Review
by Halliru Zailani, Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Wei-Chih Liao, Yi-Ting Hsu, Shih-Yi Huang, Piotr Gałecki, Kuan-Pin Su and Jane Pei-Chen Chang
Nutrients 2023, 15(20), 4363; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15204363 - 13 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2090
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contributes significantly to the death of people worldwide, especially the elderly. An essential feature of COPD is pulmonary inflammation, which results from long-term exposure to noxious substances from cigarette smoking and other environmental pollutants. Pulmonary inflammatory mediators spill [...] Read more.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contributes significantly to the death of people worldwide, especially the elderly. An essential feature of COPD is pulmonary inflammation, which results from long-term exposure to noxious substances from cigarette smoking and other environmental pollutants. Pulmonary inflammatory mediators spill over to the blood, leading to systemic inflammation, which is believed to play a significant role in the onset of a host of comorbidities associated with COPD. A substantial comorbidity of concern in COPD patients that is often overlooked in COPD management is cognitive impairment. The exact pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in COPD patients remains a mystery; however, hypoxia, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and cerebral manifestations of these conditions are believed to play crucial roles. Furthermore, the use of medications to treat cognitive impairment symptomatology in COPD patients has been reported to be associated with life-threatening adverse effects, hence the need for alternative medications with reduced side effects. In this Review, we aim to discuss the impact of cognitive impairment in COPD management and the potential mechanisms associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment in COPD patients. The promising roles of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) in improving cognitive deficits in COPD patients are also discussed. Interestingly, ω-3 PUFAs can potentially enhance the cognitive impairment symptomatology associated with COPD because they can modulate inflammatory processes, activate the antioxidant defence system, and promote amyloid-beta clearance from the brain. Thus, clinical studies are crucial to assess the efficacy of ω-3 PUFAs in managing cognitive impairment in COPD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD))
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20 pages, 644 KiB  
Review
The Possible Role of Food and Diet in the Quality of Life in Patients with COPD—A State-of-the-Art Review
by Mónika Fekete, Tamás Csípő, Vince Fazekas-Pongor, Madarász Bálint, Zoltán Csizmadia, Stefano Tarantini and János Tamás Varga
Nutrients 2023, 15(18), 3902; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15183902 - 07 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1901
Abstract
Diet has been described as a modifiable risk factor for the development and progression of chronic diseases, and emerging evidence increasingly points to its preventive and therapeutic role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While the relationship between the underlying disease and diet [...] Read more.
Diet has been described as a modifiable risk factor for the development and progression of chronic diseases, and emerging evidence increasingly points to its preventive and therapeutic role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While the relationship between the underlying disease and diet is natural in conditions such as metabolic disorders, obesity, diabetes, etc., the direct effect is not so evident in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Poor diet quality and the development of nutrient deficiencies in respiratory diseases, including COPD, can be associated with disease-specific factors such as the exacerbation of respiratory symptoms. These symptoms can be improved by dietary interventions, leading to positive changes in the pathogenesis of the disease and the quality of life of patients. Therefore, our aim was to review the latest randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of dietary interventions in chronic respiratory patients and describe their effects on respiratory function, physical activity, systemic inflammatory parameters, and quality of life. We conducted a literature search on dietary interventions for COPD patients in the PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases, focusing on publications from 1 July 2018 to 1 July 2023. We used specific keywords and MESH terms, focusing on RCTs. A total of 26 articles and 1811 COPD patients were included in this review. On the basis of our findings, dietary interventions, in particular components of the Mediterranean diet such as protein, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and vegetables, appear to have beneficial effects in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, and their application is beneficial. However, long-term follow-up studies are still needed to examine the effects of dietary interventions in this patient population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD))
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21 pages, 416 KiB  
Review
The Effectiveness of Supplementation with Key Vitamins, Minerals, Antioxidants and Specific Nutritional Supplements in COPD—A Review
by Mónika Fekete, Tamás Csípő, Vince Fazekas-Pongor, Ágnes Fehér, Zsófia Szarvas, Csilla Kaposvári, Krisztián Horváth, Andrea Lehoczki, Stefano Tarantini and János Tamás Varga
Nutrients 2023, 15(12), 2741; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15122741 - 14 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2870
Abstract
Currently, an increasing amount of evidence supports the notion that vitamins C, D and E, carotenoids, and omega-3 fatty acids may protect against the progression of chronic respiratory diseases. Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) primarily affects the lung, it is often accompanied [...] Read more.
Currently, an increasing amount of evidence supports the notion that vitamins C, D and E, carotenoids, and omega-3 fatty acids may protect against the progression of chronic respiratory diseases. Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) primarily affects the lung, it is often accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations such as weight loss and malnutrition, skeletal muscle dysfunction, and an excess of harmful oxidants, which can lead to a decline in quality of life and possible death. Recently, the role of various vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants in mitigating the effects of environmental pollution and smoking has received significant attention. Therefore, this review evaluates the most relevant and up-to-date evidence on this topic. We conducted a literature review between 15 May 2018 and 15 May 2023, using the electronic database PubMed. Our search keywords included COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV1, supplementation: vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin B, omega-3, minerals, antioxidants, specific nutrient supplementations, clinical trials, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We focused on studies that measured the serum levels of vitamins, as these are a more objective measure than patient self-reports. Our findings suggest that the role of appropriate dietary supplements needs to be reconsidered for individuals who are predisposed to or at risk of these conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD))
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