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Dietary Phytochemicals as a Promising Nutritional Strategy for Sarcopenia

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 6382

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Emanuele Marzetti

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Guest Editor

Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
Interests: geriatrics; sarcopenia; frailty; geriatric syndromes; geroscience; biomarkers; mitochondrial dysfunction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Anna Picca

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor

Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
Interests: mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial biogenesis; mitochondria; mitochondrial diseases; mitochondrial dynamics; autophagy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sarcopenia, the progressive decline of skeletal muscle mass and strength/function observed during aging, increases the risk of negative health outcomes (e.g., falls, morbidity, loss of independence, disability, and mortality).

Lifestyle habits have an impact on the rate of muscle loss with a large body of evidence indicating a positive effect of adapted nutrition and physical activity. The promotion of a healthy diet is indeed among the most successful strategies to counteract sarcopenia. However, studies investigating the contribution of micro- and macronutrients on muscle metabolism in old age as well as that of dietary supplements and natural bioactive compounds are sparse.

This Special Issue is intended to gather contributions from basic and clinical researchers working in the field of sarcopenia to gain insights on nutritional strategies that may be harnessed to delay and/or counteract age-related muscle loss.

We therefore invite you to submit your latest original research or review articles to this Special Issue.

Dr. Emanuele Marzetti
Dr. Anna Picca
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

antioxidants
biological aging
biomarkers
inflammation
metabolomics
mitochondria
muscle wasting
physical performance
senescence

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3592 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Inhibition of Autophagy and Pyroptosis by an Ethanol Extract of Nelumbo nucifera Leaf Contributes to the Amelioration of Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy

by Eunji Park, Hojung Choi, Cao-Sang Truong and Hee-Sook Jun

Nutrients 2023, 15(4), 804; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15040804 - 04 Feb 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2617

Abstract

Muscle atrophy is characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function. Excessive glucocorticoids in the body due to aging or drug treatment can promote muscle wasting. In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of Nelumbo nucifera leaf (NNL) ethanolic extract on muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid, in mice and its underlying mechanisms. The administration of NNL extract increased weight, cross-sectional area, and grip strength of quadriceps (QD) and gastrocnemius (GA) muscles in DEX-induced muscle atrophy in mice. The NNL extract administration decreased the expression of muscle atrophic factors, such as muscle RING-finger protein-1 and atrogin-1, and autophagy factors, such as Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3-I/II), and sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1) in DEX-injected mice. DEX injection increased the protein expression levels of NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), cleaved-caspase-1, interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and cleaved-gasdermin D (GSDMD), which were significantly reduced by NNL extract administration (500 mg/kg/day). In vitro studies using C2C12 myotubes also revealed that NNL extract treatment inhibited the DEX-induced increase in autophagy factors, pyroptosis-related factors, and NF-κB. Overall, the NNL extract prevented DEX-induced muscle atrophy by downregulating the ubiquitin–proteasome system, autophagy pathway, and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis pathway, which are involved in muscle degradation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytochemicals as a Promising Nutritional Strategy for Sarcopenia)

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Review

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30 pages, 782 KiB

Open AccessReview

Accounting Gut Microbiota as the Mediator of Beneficial Effects of Dietary (Poly)phenols on Skeletal Muscle in Aging

by Andrea Ticinesi, Antonio Nouvenne, Nicoletta Cerundolo, Alberto Parise and Tiziana Meschi

Nutrients 2023, 15(10), 2367; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15102367 - 18 May 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3387

Abstract

Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and function increasing the risk of disability and adverse outcomes in older people, is substantially influenced by dietary habits. Several studies from animal models of aging and muscle wasting indicate that the intake of specific polyphenol compounds can be associated with myoprotective effects, and improvements in muscle strength and performance. Such findings have also been confirmed in a smaller number of human studies. However, in the gut lumen, dietary polyphenols undergo extensive biotransformation by gut microbiota into a wide range of bioactive compounds, which substantially contribute to bioactivity on skeletal muscle. Thus, the beneficial effects of polyphenols may consistently vary across individuals, depending on the composition and metabolic functionality of gut bacterial communities. The understanding of such variability has recently been improved. For example, resveratrol and urolithin interaction with the microbiota can produce different biological effects according to the microbiota metabotype. In older individuals, the gut microbiota is frequently characterized by dysbiosis, overrepresentation of opportunistic pathogens, and increased inter-individual variability, which may contribute to increasing the variability of biological actions of phenolic compounds at the skeletal muscle level. These interactions should be taken into great consideration for designing effective nutritional strategies to counteract sarcopenia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytochemicals as a Promising Nutritional Strategy for Sarcopenia)

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